劳动力市场竞争与分割的再认识

马克思在《资本论》中所论述的劳动力买卖、平均利润与生产价格,都是以完全竞争或自由竞争为前提条件的。但是,马克思指出,这是一种"理论上的假定"。这就存在着如何把马克思抽象化的理论运用于活生生的现实的问题。在现实生活中,劳动力市场既有竞争的一面,又有分割的一面,而且二者往往是交错在一起的。     

从吴地到越地:吴越文化共轭中的湖州

历史上湖州的政区归属在吴、越之间逡巡不定,学术界对这一现象的思考虽颇不少,但尚未能给出一个圆满的解释。文章在厘清湖州政区沿革的基础上,利用感觉文化区的技术理念,即借助于各个历史时期观察者的感受,辨明自先秦以至明清,湖州地域文化的归属存在一个明显的离吴入越过程,这与湖州政区的变迁历程近乎一致。进而揭示出湖州行政归属变化的背后,有着深厚的地域文化因素作为支撑。本文期冀通过对这一课题的研究,以深入考察文化区与政区之间的内在联系,并希望就探明江浙两省之间的地域分异有所裨益。     

ATTRIBUTION OF CONCEPTS AND PROBLEMS WITH ANACHRONISM1

Many long‐standing debates about anachronistic concept‐attributions derive from an essentialist understanding of concepts that is often difficult to sustain for metaphysical or epistemological reasons. The intentionalist alternative to essentialism elaborated in this article successfully clarifies and avoids many standard problems with anachronism.     

乡村旅游地居民相对剥夺感的前因和后果研究：基于个体心理学视角

旅游开发给乡村旅游地带来了深刻影响,作为东道主的当地居民对旅游发展的情感和行为直接关系到旅游业的长远发展。文章从个体心理角度,通过对婺源340位居民进行问卷调查,考察了内归因对积极应对行为的影响,并探讨了相对剥夺感的中介效应和自我效能感的调节效应。研究结果表明：①内归因对积极应对行为有正向影响;②相对剥夺感在内归因与积极应对行为之间存在部分中介效应;③自我效能感负向调节了相对剥夺感和积极应对行为的关系,即对于自我效能感高的居民,其相对剥夺感对积极应对行为的负向影响会被削弱。研究结果不仅从理论上丰富了归因方式、相对剥夺感、应对行为的关系研究,也为乡村旅游地社区治理提供了建议。     

试论归因论与外语学习的关系

动机是影响人们学习外语的一个重要因素,因此探讨动机理论与外语学习的关系对于指导外语教学有很大的益处。外语学习具有普遍性的失败经历对于人们的外语学习有很大的影响,应用归因论对外语学习中的失败与成功进行有利于激发学生学习动机的努力归因是学好外语的关键因素之一。教师要提供努力反馈,拒绝接受能力归因,树立努力与成功相连的典范,使努力与持之以恒成为课堂的规范以激励学生的努力归因。     

Nested or exclusive? The role of identities on blame attribution during the Great Recession

Despite an increasing number of studies assessing the importance of institutions as regards to accountability, it still remains to be known whether and how an individual's national and regional identity shapes the attribution of responsibilities in multi‐level settings. By focusing on the economic crisis that affected Europe since 2008, we argue that identity‐based assessments of responsibility for the crisis will occur solely among individuals who hold exclusively national or regional identities and who live in regions that have nationalist aspirations. This will be in contrast to individuals that have exclusively identities who live in regions that lack nationalist aspirations, as well as dual‐identity individuals, irrespective of where they live. We test our arguments by using data from Catalonia and Madrid (Spain) and Bavaria and Lower Saxony (Germany). In line with our expectations, our results show that, in minority nationalist regions such as Catalonia, an individual's identity will crucially determine which level of government is blamed for the economic crisis, while this will not occur in regions with no nationalist aspirations. The article reveals the existence of an additional determinant of blame attribution in some specific multi‐level arrangements and contributes to the understanding of the tensions between identity politics and blame avoidance.     

Does Believing Homosexuality Is Innate Increase Support for Gay Rights?

Why are Americans who believe homosexuality is innate more likely to support the rights of lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals (LGBs)? Attribution theory suggests that people are more likely to support LGB rights if they do not blame LGBs for their sexual orientation. Alternatively, moral condemnation of homosexuality may lead both to belief that homosexuality is a choice and opposition to LGB rights, while acceptance of LGB rights may lead to a belief in a biological basis for homosexuality as part of a constellation of tolerant beliefs. Using logit analysis on individual‐level data from 24 national surveys conducted since 1977, I find that the link between belief in a biological basis for homosexuality and support for LGB rights is strong and growing for almost all groups on almost all issues. The reason may have more to do with people shaping their origin beliefs to match their political and religious values, than with origin beliefs affecting support for LGB rights.     

An assessment of attributing public healthcare infrastructure damage in the Donbas five years after Euromaidan: implications for Ukrainian state legitimacy

ABSTRACT

From the onset of the conflict in Eastern Ukraine in 2014, significant damage has been wrought to the public health infrastructure of the Donbas region. To date however, the full extent of that damage which is substantial, has not been documented: attribution of blame for that damage has not been attempted; and the implications for the region’s residents in terms of access to clinics and hospitals has been difficult to assess. This paper presents a spatial database of damaged facilities and relates that to the fighting to assess whether the damage incurred was collateral or targeted. The concept of state capacity is used to frame a discussion of what the consequences are for those residents remaining and for the challenges this crisis presents to the legitimacy of the Ukrainian government.     

渤海与高句丽族属及归属问题探析

渤海与高句丽的族属与归属问题 ,关系到二者是否为同一血缘 ,渤海是否为高句丽继承国 ,并涉及到古朝鲜的国史体系诸问题 ,因此倍受国际史学界的关注。一些国外学者出于某种政治目的 ,极力主张渤海国是由原高句丽人领导 ,并继承高句丽传统文化的高句丽国的继承者。朝鲜半岛从而由过去的三国鼎立变为南北两国并立。其实从渤海与高句丽的族属与归属上看 ,渤海与高句丽属于不同的族系 ,二者之间没有血缘上的联系 ,它们同为中原王朝统辖下的地方民族政权