电化学交流阻抗(EIS)在金属文物表面保护涂层性能评价中的应用综述

文物表面保护涂层性能的评价以及选择优异的涂层,是文物保护工作的一个重要环节。在涂层性能评价中,相较于湿热、酸碱浸泡、盐雾等传统的加速腐蚀老化实验方法,电化学交流阻抗技术(EIS)具有定量、快速、便捷、可直接应用于文物本体进行无损检测分析等优势。简要介绍了对交流阻抗的原理、实验方法和分析方法,并对其在金属文物表面保护涂层性能评价和筛选工作中的具体应用做出综述。     

国外地方感研究进展与启示

地方感是人文地理学人文社会转向的一个重要研究领域,国外已经构建了比较完善的地方感框架,国内对地方感的研究也日益兴盛。论文在文献回顾的基础上,阐述了地方感的维度及层次划分,分析了地方感的形成机理及影响因素,总结了地方感的研究方法和研究对象,同时指出我国的地方感进一步研究在理论建构上应加强地方感的维度、尺度、层次和过程的类型化研究,学科视角上应将地方感引入管理学、社会学和心理学等相关学科,研究方法上应突出可视化的表达和混合方法,研究对象和案例地的选择上应进一步扩大研究案例和研究主体,在大量实证研究基础上构建中国特色的地方感研究理论与方法体系。     

Performance-based Seismic Risk Assessment of Urban Systems

ABSTRACT

Disaster risk mitigation has become a urgent global need. Similar to other natural hazards, earthquakes may cause significant damage on a large scale. In Europe and in other regions with dense urbanization, seismic events can heavily impact historical city centers due to the several structural fragilities. These centers are often part of the worldwide cultural heritage and their preservation is considered a strategic issue. Furthermore, earthquakes may have severe negative short-term economic effects on the impacted communities and adverse longer-term consequences for economic growth. For this reason, the development of an efficient approach for urban seismic risk assessment becomes essential. An original approach is proposed, based on performance concepts and multidisciplinary perspectives. The procedure is applied for validation to the city center of Concordia Sulla Secchia (Italy), damaged by the 2012 Pianura Padana Earthquake (PPE), comparing predicted damage scenarios with the actual post-seismic survey data.     

论我国文化地理学研究的前沿走向

基于研究历史及主要学科成绩的回顾,文章考察了我国文化地理学研究现状中学科性质定位、研究内容拓展以及研究手段、方法的变革等问题。认为我国文化地理学今后应该在科学的文化哲学的指导下加强学科理论的研究,充分吸收相关学科的研究成果,在加强渗透研究的同时突出地理科学的特色与优势;为了学科的良性循环和对地理学的发展做出自身贡献,还必须紧跟时代的步伐,强化学科在文化宣传与舆论导向的理性化、科学化,特别是在区域开发、旅游与城市规划、国家(地区)管理、民族政策制定等方面的应用功效。     

Research in the spatial sciences: how are Canadian geographers contributing?

Geographic data collection, manipulation, analysis and visualization options have experienced substantial improvements during the past several decades, largely spurred by advancements in computing capabilities. While geographers are often credited with identifying and expanding many of the emerging application areas and innovations for the analysis of spatially (and sometimes temporally) referenced data, we are specifically interested in the role of Canadian geographers in the rapidly evolving domain of spatial science. We pose the following provocative question with the intent of not only summarizing the Canadian literature, but also to stimulate an informed discussion: ‘are Canadian geographers developers or users of spatial analytical methods?’ We review the refereed literature from 1980 to 2008 to describe the nature of contributions by Canadian geographers, beginning at about the time of widely accessible computing (1980s). Our summary broadly classifies subdisciplinary contribution areas as being best described as GIS, remote sensing, or spatial statistics, while each contribution area may take the type of algorithm development, advancement and synthesis of theory, or the application of existing methods. We paint a picture of the current contribution landscape and reflect on significant achievements while commenting on some potential weakness that with increased resources and focus might become future realms of advancement.     

The use of an improved pRIA technique in the identification of protein residues

Blood and protein residue identification in archaeological research has been a controversial subject for the last 20 years. This paper reports on the use of an improved protein radioimmunoassay (pRIA) technique in identifying protein residues. Results from the blind testing of the original and improved pRIA techniques in identifying bloodstains on experimental lithic artifacts are described and compared. We argue that the improved pRIA technique is highly sensitive and accurate for identifying protein residues to genus, and thus has excellent applications for archaeological research.     

Combined application of pansharpening and enhancement methods to improve archaeological cropmark visibility and identification in QuickBird imagery: two case studies from Apulia,Southern Italy

Launch of Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite sensors meant a significant evolution for Remote Sensing archaeological applications since data with high spatial resolution may be used to identify signals related to buried archaeological remains (e.g. cropmarks, soilmarks, dampmarks) in very extended territories. The aim of this work is to develop a suitable image processing workflow to improve the cropmark visibility in the VHR satellite images. The workflow implemented consists of two steps: first the panchromatic and multispectral images have been pansharpened in order to merge the two images, then some Enhancement methods have been applied on the pansharpened image. As a result of the several tested pansharpening techniques, the Principal Component Resolution Merge yields images of very good quality useful not only for visualization but also as input for further processing. Among the different enhancement methods taken into consideration, the Spatial Enhancement, carried out by applying the Wallis Adaptive filter further improve the visibility and recognition of the archaeological signals.     

Recent Trends in Computer Applications in Archaeology

Publications of computer applications in archaeology are reviewed for the period between 1990 and 1996 inclusive. The influence of technological developments on research effort is noted, and particular areas of growth are described. One of the major trends during the review period has been the increase in use of geographical information systems (GIS), but these have still to fulfill their potential. The increased uses of computers for education, communication, and electronic publication are also regarded as important growth areas.     

永远的故宫 永远的保护——作于中国第一个文化遗产日到来之际

作为我国最大的综合性国家级博物馆,故宫安全及文物保护是故宫一切工作的基础。故宫的保护要有全面和整体意识,要处理好吉建筑中保护与利用,日常维护与大修的关系;清查、整理和修复、抢救文物藏品的工作,要与研究、发掘、保护和传承非物质文化遗产的工作相结合;要提高文物保护的科技水平,加快“数字故宫”的建设。故宫除自身研发井应用了一批科研成果外,还积极与国内外有关部门合作,在运用科技手段保护和利用文物方面取得了很大的进展。故宫决心不辜负全国人民的重托,增强和提高文物保护的能力,更好地传扬中华民族的文化瑰宝。