树立和落实科学发展观推进经济增长方式的根本性转变

党的十六届三中全会提出的科学发展观,对我国经济保持可持续发展和现代化顺利实现具有极其重要的意义。以科学发展观为指导,大力推进经济增长方式的根本性转变,不仅是妥善应对我国经济社会发展关键时期可能遇到的各种风险和挑战的唯一选择,也是全面贯彻和落实科学发展观的必然要求。     

新见三件“叔休”器及相关问题

本文通过研究追缴回来的三件"叔休器"和见于著录的五件"叔休器",判断目前所见所有"叔休器"均属同一器主。叔休可能为春秋早期管理当地盐业贸易的职官,身份地位均较重要。同时结合铭文内容等认为"叔休器"可能来源于淮河流域信阳一带的周代诸侯小国"冠"。冠、番、樊等可能是被淮河以外诸国称"繁"的不同小国,它们位于淮河流域信阳一带,在商周时期盐铜贸易环节发挥了重要作用,逐渐形成盐铜交易枢纽"繁阳"。     

Measuring core reduction using 3D flake scar density: a test case of changing core reduction at Klasies River Mouth,South Africa

A new core reduction index is presented, calculated as the ratio of flake scar number to 3D surface area (SDI). The index is tested experimentally on five types of core (blade, discoid, Levallois, biface and multiplatform cores) and then applied to the core assemblages from five sub-stages of the Middle Stone Age at Klasies River Mouth, South Africa. Preliminary results indicate that the SDI possesses the desirable attributes of a successful reduction index and is a significant improvement on traditional proxy measures of core reduction. The results of the archaeological case study confirm previous untested observations that cores from the Howiesons Poort and MSAIII sub-stages are more heavily reduced than preceding and following stages, and that local and exotic raw materials as well as different types of cores are all more heavily reduced during these periods. The SDI fills a significant lacuna in available core reduction measures.     

Continental Patterns in Stone Tools: A Technological and Biplot-Based Comparison of Early Late Pleistocene Assemblages from Northern and Southern Africa

The technology of the end products i.e. blades and points in Late Pleistocene stone artefact assemblages from Klasies River, South Africa, and the Nile Valley, Egypt, are compared. The comparison includes univariate and multivariate analysis of metrical attributes enhanced by graphical biplot displays. The end products in these assemblages are either dominantly points or blades and this is related to the core reduction strategy adopted. The MSA 11 from Klasies River and the Nubian Complex industry from the Nile Valley are point industries made in the Levallois tradition, while the MSA 1 from Klasies River and the Taramsan from the Nile Valley may be non-Levallois or adapted Levallois blade industries. Dating of the assemblages shows the changes between dominant core reduction strategies are sequential and time restricted in both South and North Africa. It is concluded that variability of the same kind occurs in Middle Stone Age and Middle Palaeolithic assemblages south and north of the Sahara in the early Late Pleistocene.Dans cet article, les technologies des produits recherchés, des lames et des pointes, pour certains ensembles lithiques de Klasies River, Afrique du Sud et la Vallée du Nil, Egypte, sont comparées. Cette comparaison implique des analyses univariées et multivariées de variables métriques biplot. Les produits recherchés sont bien des pointes que des lames, selon les stratégies dexploitation adoptées. Le MSA II de Klasies River et le Complexe nubien de la Vallée du Nil sont des industries à pointes issues de la tradition Levallois. Par contre, le MSA I de Klasies River et le Taramsien de la Vallée du Nil évoquent une technologie de production non-Levallois ou Levallois modifiée. Les éléments de datation disponibles indiquent que les changements dans la prépondérance des stratégies dexploitation senchaînent dans une séquence chronologique bien identifiable, aussibien dans lAfrique du Sud que lAfrique du Nord. On arrive à la conclusion quune variabilité du même caractère est attestée dans les ensembles du Middle Stone Age et du Paléolithique moyen au sud et au nord du Sahara, pendant le Pléistocène supérieur ancien.     

Arade River Archaeological Complex: Dredges and Archaeology

Situated on the southern coast of Portugal, the Arade River mouth has been visited and inhabited for over three millennia. Dredging operations, in the first and last decades of the 20th century, brought up the importance of Arade's cultural heritage and triggered a large-scale project of study, survey, and archaeological excavation. This project is conducted by Centro Nacional de Arqueologia Náutica e Subaquática, the Portuguese agency for nautical archaeology, under the direction of Francisco Alves, and with the support of both local and state authorities. This paper is a preliminary assessment of the finds made so far.
© 2005 The Nautical Archaeology Society     

抗战时期中国沿海工厂的内迁及对内地经济的影响

抗战初期,我国沿海沿江地区民族工业大举内迁,起于1937年八一三抗战,到1940年夏基本结束,在后方形成八个新工业区。沿海沿江地区的民族工业大举内迁,建设后方工业基地,写下了抗战史上悲壮而光辉的一页。     

安徽泗县刘圩汴河故道遗址发掘简报

2011年3～4月,安徽省文物考古研究所对安徽泗县刘圩遗址进行了抢救性发掘,揭示一批汉至唐宋遗迹。其中,唐宋汴河北堤的发现,在隋唐大运河泗县段尚属首次;宋代踩踏面及相关遗迹的发现反映了汴河漕运的繁华;北宋末至南宋初土坑墓的发现印证了相关文献记载的汴河废弃时代。     

塑造河名 构建水权——以清代“石羊河”名为中心的考察

河西地区主要水系之一石羊河及其支流,在历史上曾使用"谷水"、"马城河"、"五涧谷(水)"、"三岔河"等名称,沿用至今的"石羊河"一名迟至清代前中期方才出现。"石羊河"之名,首先出现在流域下游镇番县的地方志中,命名的初衷则是为处于上游武威县境内的河流定名,其指代对象存在逐步明确的过程。上游武威县对"石羊河"名及其指向,经历了从不在意到接受、并有所延展的演变历程。"石羊河"名的出现,与下游镇番县河源水权观念的兴起存在密切关联。塑造河名是上、下游水资源权利关系生成中,下游构建自身水权的策略之一。     

Environmental Education in Russian Universities

This paper presents the results of a simulation exercise designed to explore and understand the implications of trying to survive in a marginal and poverty-stricken African community. The aim of the simulation was to create an approximation of a community involved in an income-generating project, akin to a Public Works Programme. This project sought to enable every person to earn a dollar a day on which to live. In addition, the exercise helped the participants to question and assess whether the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) have a chance of reaching their proposed targets. The nearly one hundred participants were undergraduate geography students, reading Development Studies and Demography at Rhodes University in Grahamstown, South Africa. The outcome of the simulation was that the students developed a clearer understanding of poverty, particularly the ‘Deprivation Trap’, and how complex the development process is in practice.     

明清时期安徽沿淮女性的生活选择

明清时期安徽沿淮地区女性出现了游走乞讨与守家耕织的生存方式,既说明当地社会经济发展的滞后,又显现其存在着发展空间,反映了该区域社会经济发展的徘徊不前.部分女性施舍行为凸现了该区域贫富分化的加剧.沿淮女性的生存方式突破了传统社会"男耕女织"的理想模式,女性在经济活动中享受了与男性一样选择职业的自由.