排序方式: 共有1条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1
1.
Paul Roscoe 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2009,16(2):69-116
Small-scale society furnishes the bread and butter of archeological research. Yet our understanding of what these communities
did and how they achieved their purpose is still rudimentary. Using the ethnography of contact-era New Guinea, this paper
presents a “social signaling” model of small-scale social systems that archeologists may find useful for contextualizing and
interpreting the material record of these societies. It proposes that the organization of small-scale society was oriented,
among other goals, towards biological and social reproduction, subsistence optimization, and military defense. To advance
these multiple collective interests, however, these communities had to deal with three problems: an optimality problem, a
conflict-of-interest problem, and a free-rider problem. The optimality problem was solved with a modular (or segmented) social
structure, the conflict-of-interest problem by a process of social signaling, and these two solutions together operated to
resolve the free-rider problems they created. In addition to explaining the structure and function of small-scale societies,
the model provides a unified framework that can account for the ceremonial behaviors, core cultural conceptions, and leadership
forms that these societies generated.
相似文献
Paul RoscoeEmail: |
1