The Herme-Neutics of Χοιροκομεῖον in Aristophanes’ Lysistrata

The following paper discusses the meaning of the word χοιροκομε?ον and its function in a passage in Aristophanes’ Lysistrata 1073. Although its semantics became obscure as early as the time of Pollux, it almost certainly originally referred to a wicker-work pigpen. The fact that in the Aristophanic passage under discussion the Spartan delegates are said to be wearing it around their thighs suggests that the author meant it to be an obscene joke based on a stereotype according to which, unlike the Athenians, the Spartans were very likely to become sexual objects for other males. Within the reconstruction proposed below they wore χοιροκομε?α in order to protect themselves from penetration. This element, combined with the other aspects of the visual characteristics of the Spartan delegates, namely erect phalli and long beards, made them similar to the herms of Hermes.     

A reexamination of the reasons for the closure of the Dunhuang Library Cave

Abstract

Cave 17 or the cave library is located on the northern wall in the hallway of Cave 16 in Mogao Caves, Dunhuang. The murals on the cover layer of Cave 16 are closely connected with the reason why the cave library was sealed. The transformation tableaux of the thousand Buddhas on the cover layer of Cave 16 seems to reflect the thought of the Final Dharma, which could be dated in the late Guiyijun period when Dunhuang was ruled by the Cao family. In 1052, the trend of the Final-Dharma thought flourished in the Liao Dynasty. With the frequent communications between the Guiyijun regime and the Liao, this trend came to Dunhuang and merged with the original thought of the Final Dharma in this region, which tremendously impacted the Buddhist community in Dunhuang. So the local Buddhist community made the transformation tableaux on the mural of Cave 16 and also transformed Cave 17 for storing Buddhist texts as a response to the coming Final Dharma. These activities seem to have led to the eventual sealing of Cave 17.     

Underwater archaeological parks: a new perspective and a challenge for conservation—the Italian panorama

The conservation in situ of underwater archaeological heritage is a highly stimulating subject for both archaeologist and conservator as it permits planning and experimentation of new treatment methods opening up new possibilities for conservation, protection and scientific research. This paper offers some remarks on this subject and shows the experience of some Italian underwater archaeological parks.     

不同添加成分对书画装裱浆糊抑菌效果的评价试验

古代文献中著录的各种书画装裱浆糊添加成分中,有一部分具有防腐防霉的功效。本文利用浆糊药液琼脂培养基,对白矾、花椒、白芨、百部、丁香等添加成分进行抑菌效果评价,结果发现,白矾、百部有明显抑菌效果,花椒、丁香有一定抑菌效果,白芨抑菌效果不明显。     

唐代“登州海行入高丽道”的变迁与赤山法华院的形成

“登州海行入高丽道”是唐代重要的海上航道。但在不同时期,其主要航线也不尽相同。大致说来,前期主要从登州北部的蓬莱、黄县境内的出海口出发,沿着贾耽所记述的“登州海行入高丽道”的航线航行;后期则主要从登州南部的牟平、文登县境内的出海口出发,横渡黄海,直抵韩半岛。正是在登州通往朝鲜半岛主要航线变迁南移的形势下,赤山浦以其优越的地理位置和交通条件,成为新罗商人张保皋首选的在唐贸易最重要的联络地和中转站,并在这里修建了一座法华寺院。     

旅游中的山水景物审美--对中国旅游地理学中美学理论的研究

山水风景作为审美客体,是一个形象丰富、有声有色,动静结合,自然与人文相互渗透的景观空间,其所具备的美学和历史文化价值,陶冶了人的情操,满足了人在精神文化方面的需求,而人在与大自然复杂的交往过程中所形成的精神文化需求构成了山水风景审美的特有内涵.     

汉刻重宝——建初买地摩崖

绍兴富盛跳山东汉建初买地摩崖是现存浙江境内有确切纪年的汉代摩崖,也是我国现存最早体积最大的买地券,被列为我国的汉刻重宝。通过追溯摩崖发现经过和结合相关史料,凸显此摩崖在金石学、社会政治经济学和书法艺术上的价值和地位。     

抗战时期中国沿海工厂的内迁及对内地经济的影响

抗战初期,我国沿海沿江地区民族工业大举内迁,起于1937年八一三抗战,到1940年夏基本结束,在后方形成八个新工业区。沿海沿江地区的民族工业大举内迁,建设后方工业基地,写下了抗战史上悲壮而光辉的一页。     

Leaf galls on Dicroidium hughesii (Feistmantel) Lele from the Triassic of India—a new record

Disc-like galls are reported on the Triassic corystosperm leaf Dicroidium hughesii (Feistmantel) Lele from the Parsora Formation of South Rewa Gondwana Basin, central India. Although there have been numerous reports of arthropod–plant interactions from Permian and Lower Cretaceous successions, this is the first unequivocal report of arthropod–plant interactions from the Triassic succession of Peninsular India. The new record adds to global evidence that arthropod herbivory and gall formation, in particular, had rediversified by the Late Triassic in the wake of the end-Permian mass extinction.     

唐顺宗被杀说考辨

唐顺宗被杀之说由来已久,它所依据的史料主要有三条：1．《辛公平上仙》;2．《武陵书怀五十韵》;3．当时宫廷斗争残酷及李氏父子关系不融洽。经考辨,《辛公平上仙》非王叔文集团的李谅所撰,其主旨也不是影射,而是箴戒;《武陵书怀五十韵》所引项籍杀义帝之史实,不是影射顺宗被杀,而是隐喻宪宗杀害王叔文;当时宫廷斗争主要在太子集团与王叔文集团之间进行,且顺宗始终是站在太子一边,应天顺人,宪宗对顺宗也是爱敬双奉、忠孝两全的。由此可见,唐顺宗被杀说的三条证据是站不住脚的,此说难以成立。