历史语境、史学语境与史料的解读——以弗吉尼亚州批准美国宪法大会中一条材料的解读为例

"语境主义"意识对于历史研究具有重要的意义。历史学家在解读具体的史料时,只有清楚而准确地把握史料产生的"历史语境",以及由相关研究构成的"史学语境",才有可能探明史料的"原意",进而恰当地运用史料。     

出土青铜器是否带有原生“粉状锈”的探讨

“粉状锈”是一种危害性极强的锈蚀产物,本工作从铜的氯化物的生成和土壤环境两个方面入手,对其生成机理进行研究。研究结果表明,“粉状锈”并不是铜器在埋藏环境中直接形成的,而是在土壤中形成“病灶”———氯铜矿、氯化亚铜或两者的混合物放置于大气环境中逐渐转化而成。     

试析“冥”字本义

本文通过列举分析甲骨文字形、文义等方面,试图说明“冥”字在甲骨卜辞中不能解释为分娩的“娩”,更结合前人的研究成果提出了对于“冥”字本义的新观点。     

关于壁画揭取保护中“干涉层”的使用和“地仗层”的去留问题

为阐明保留一定厚度壁画原“地仗层”的必要性,通过对“干涉层”和“地仗层”在壁画揭取保护中昕起作用的分析,认为保留一定厚度的“地仗层”不仅可最大程度上保持壁画的原貌,且壁画原“地仗层”经加固处理后可起到“干涉层”的作用。     

低温陶器的烧成温度测定及其初步应用

针对常规热膨胀法不适用于低温陶器原始烧成温度测定的现状,我系师生经过几年努力,建立健全了测定低温陶器原始烧成温度的热膨胀方法。本文旨在介绍完善健全这一方法的模拟实验和相关理论,以及它在东胡林遗址出土陶器烧成温度测定上的成功应用。显然,这一方法的健全和东胡林出土陶器烧成温度的测定,对于早期陶器烧制工艺的研究皆具有极为重要的意义。     

Wotan and the ‘archetypal Ergriffenheit’: Mystical union, national spiritual rebirth and culture-creating capacity in C. G. Jung's ‘Wotan’ essay

This article analyses the 1936 “Wotan” essay by Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung in light of one of its reigning motifs, Ergriffenheit. First, this term is examined within the works of Protestant theologian Rudolf Otto and Indologist Jakob Wilhelm Hauer, who used it to describe what they claimed to be the original religious experience, a state of being deeply stirred or even seized by the “the holy” or by “the ultimate reality.” The article then examines antecedents in Jung's theory of states of psychic seizure, in which two halves of the psyche come into conflict, the resolution of which leads to an increased capacity to create the arts of culture. The analysis then moves to the “Wotan” essay itself, where Jung brings together his own theory of psychic seizure with the theory of the original religious experience as proposed by the above-named scholars of religion in order to suggest that, under National Socialism, the Germans were in the midst of a collective confrontation with their own inner divinity, which should lead to a national spiritual rebirth. The article then investigates the works of several of the men Jung mentions in the essay, as well as his use of ancient Germanic mythology, to support his claim. Through his portrait of the Germanic archetype Wotan, Jung psychologizes and thereby essentializes the Romantic image of the Germans as “a people of poets and philosophers” as well as that of a Nietzschean “master-race.” In conclusion, the article argues that, at least in 1936, Jung's attitude towards Hitler and National Socialism was much more favorable than has previously been recognized.     

书画文物原装裱保护性修复——以《宋艳艳女史草虫花蝶图卷》为例

现今对书画文物原装裱的修复保护越来越得到重视,《宋艳艳女史草虫花蝶图卷》为上海博物馆藏重要文物,虽然已非宋代原装,但现装裱也已经有一百多年历史,流传至今装裱已出现包首磨损残缺,天头前部残缺,天杆处开裂,覆背首端严重拱起等病害,亟需修复。修复采用保留文物装裱原貌及改善原裱不合理处的方案,通过将包首与天头分离,分别进行修复后,再复位还原;去除不合理\"引条\"纸以改善局部拱起不平的现状;以及对原包首边缘做皮纸包边保护,以提高老材料的强度。修复后的包首和天头恢复完整,原先因加\"引条\"纸而拱起严重的部位变得平整柔软,更有利于今后的展示和收藏。