考古学与中国上古史重建

中国近代考古学建立之初,不免材料不足并有先天局限,但随着考古学的发展和壮大,其对中国上古史之重建的作用日益显现。以顾颉刚为代表的古史辨派对旧古史系统进行了摧毁性的批判,傅斯年、李济等人继之而起,开辟了重建之路。傅斯年为重建中国古史提供了体制保证并指明方向,李济则在理论和方法上提出了系统的方案。然而,李济等人限于当时条件,具体实践工作并不理想,而中国大陆考古学者们则做出了切实的贡献。经过60年的发展,中国田野考古学取得极大的成就,苏秉琦等学者据此提出考古学文化"区系类型理论"和中国文明"多元一体格局说",中国上古史重建已进入切实展开的时期。     

顾维钧与中国留美学生会

1904—1912年顾维钧留学美国期间,积极参与中国留美学生会的各种活动,担任过东美中国留学生会会长及其他多项职务,并主编过《中国留美学生月报》,对中国留美学生会的组织发展和各项事业做出了重要贡献。他参与中国留学生会及其他各种社会活动,锻炼和提高了自身能力,积累了广泛的人脉关系,为他的从政生涯奠定了良好的基础和起点。     

内外有别:美国华人基督徒研究中观察主体身份特点的学术意义

论文运用参与观察法分析,认为族裔身份、宗教信仰、移民背景等是影响美国华人基督教信仰研究中研究者内部人还是局外人身份及其学术观点形成的重要因素。研究显示,运用参与观察法进行社会研究,观察者是内部人还是局外人往往会影响到与被观察者之间的交流沟通,从而进一步影响到研究素材的搜集整理和研究结果的形成。区分参与观察者内部人还是局外人的身份有助于更好地理解这种方法的情境特点以及观察结果的相对意义,也有助于从多角度分析和衡量这种方法所产生的学术作品。作为一种实证研究方法,参与观察法尽管有自己内在的局限性,却在针对华人基督徒的研究中发挥了重要作用。     

藏书家、古典戏曲文献学家傅惜华

傅惜华是20世纪著名的藏书家、古典戏曲文献研究专家,其一生著述甚丰,尤其在戏曲目录学领域贡献突出。本文将视角固定在图书典籍上,略述傅惜华对中国戏曲典籍的收藏保存、著录传播、捐公奉献。     

试论殷墟花园庄东地卜辞的行款

殷墟花园庄东地卜辞的行款表面上看较为复杂,但实际上仍遵循着一定的规律。这种规律表现为:卜辞基本守兆,在卜兆上方由内向外契刻,至兆干后再沿兆干外侧下行。由于卜辞字数不同,有的未至兆干即止,有的刻至兆干下方后再内行或外行。此外,相关卜兆的数量与排列方式、卜甲上卜辞条数的多寡、卜甲上可供刻字的空间等因素也会影响到卜辞的行款。了解、掌握花园庄东地卜辞行款与卜兆之间的密切关系,将有助于进一步认识王卜辞与其它非王卜辞的行款规律,对深入探讨商代后期的占卜制度也有裨益。     

“京观”及其历史轨迹

“京观”是中国古代战争的产物,贯穿于中国历史的上古和中古时期,为华夏民族和周边兄弟民族所采用,目的是张扬武功。但是,由于“京观”这种形式过于血腥与残酷,故在以后的岁月不被使用;时至现代,演变为纪念碑的形式。     

Networking Europe

The paper explores processes of transnational network building in Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries. The first section reviews several relevant literatures. It concludes that historiographies of Europe often recognize the pivotal importance of transnational network building, but fail to analyse network developments as well as their entanglement with wider historical processes. Specialized infrastructure studies exist in economic and technological history, but have a distinct (sub)national focus. The networking of Europe has not been investigated. The second section presents a preliminary narrative of transnational network building in the 19th and 20th century. It highlights the relationship between network building and political events in different eras, as well as different types of ambiguities or tensions. The conclusion suggests a number of topics for further research.     

Interpreting the Moon Landings: Project Apollo and the Historians

By focusing on the key book‐length studies of the Apollo program that landed American astronauts on the Moon in the 1960s and 1970s, this essay seeks to evaluate the historiography about Apollo in the first decade of the twenty‐first century, dividing the subject into five major areas. The first area is the foreign policy and public policy antecedents of Apollo and its immediate ramifications; some of these efforts have yielded significant studies. The second area involves the evolution of space hardware, in many instances these are overwhelmingly detailed studies of rockets and other space flight technologies. Third, there is a great fascination with the astronauts and their actual flights, and a rich tradition of memoir and narrative exists in this arena. The fourth area receiving attention from historians of Apollo and the lunar voyages emphasizes the history of science, in which much of the focus is on the scientists, scientific findings from the voyages of discovery, and the use of this evidence in developing larger theories about the origin and evolution of the solar system. Finally, and increasingly so in the last 20 years, the Apollo story has been recontextualized through social and cultural investigations of its meaning in modern America. Assessing the five major areas enumerated above, this essay also offers some possibly fruitful avenues of future research.