居民家庭旅游消费行为初探

居民家庭旅游行为是一种特殊的消费行为,本文根据长春市居民家庭消费行为的有关调查资料对影响长春市居民家庭旅游消费行为的因素进行了分析探讨,并说明了居民家庭旅游消费行为研究的重大意义。     

The changing nature of GIS and the provision of formal GIS education in the UK: a case study

The arrival of the term Geographical Information System (GIS) in the 1960s soon created a demand for training and education in the use of this specialist hardware and software. Initially the main focus was on training people to use GIS, formal named degree programmes leading to postgraduate and undergraduate qualifications arrived later. This paper explores the changing landscape of U.K. degree level GIS education drawing on contemporary information from Higher Education Institution websites and a case study of the first single honours degree in GIS in Europe. The paper identifies a rise and fall in the number of named undergraduate “GIS” degrees since the late 1980s sandwiched between the continuation and development of postgraduate qualifications. In parallel with this trend the teaching and learning of GIS skills has emerged as a core component of undergraduate degree programmes with “Geography” in their title and in national school and degree level benchmarking statements for the discipline.     

Teaching economic geography in UK higher education institutions

Abstract

This paper examines how the changes in the last decade in economic geography have been reflected in the courses taught in the UK and assesses the impact of recent changes in teaching styles and methods on how the subject is taught. It summarises the findings from a survey of 50 UK Geography Departments. The paper covers three main topics: the significance of economic geography in UK degrees courses; the characteristics of introductory economic geography courses; and the issues involved in the teaching of economic geography.     

淮海经济区区域系统动态协调发展研究

基于区域协调发展的判定标准,构建区域协调发展的指标体系,通过线性加权模型和离差系数法得到淮海经济区在1995-2006年间区域系统的综合发展水平得分和淮海经济区、苏北鲁南豫东皖北四大板块及所辖20个市的协调度。通过对淮海经济区协调发展的时空演变进行分析,得出以下结论:(1)协调度多处于基本协调和比较协调类型;(2)区域协调发展类型呈阶段式演进;(3)市域协调发展类型分化明显;(4)板块协调发展度呈东高西低格局;(5)协同作用决定区域系统协调度的高低。     

长春市城市游憩系统研究

休闲游憩作为城市居民的一种社会行为,以人为本是构建城市游憩系统的总原则,本文认为只有基于游憩者的游憩需求并以游憩者满意度为出发点,才能达到游憩场地、游憩设施效用的最大化和游憩者游憩偏好的最大满足。本文通过问卷调查及其相关资料的分析,总结出长春市游憩者行为的时空规律和活动频律,分析目前长春市游憩设施使用状况,确定游憩设施存在的缺陷与不足,并对其发展提出合理性建议。     

基于层次分析法的广元千佛崖摩崖造像病害程度量化评价

受多种自然因素和人为因素的共同作用,广元千佛崖石窟病害发育普遍,现有研究主要集中在病害种类调查与成因分析方面,对石窟病害程度的量化评价较少。本次研究以20座盛唐时期龛窟为研究对象,采用传统的病害调查方法明确病害种类,利用层次分析法对病害数据进行分析,最终确定15种常见病害在石窟劣化程度中的权重,量化表征拟研究对象的病害程度。结果显示,1)15种常见病害可分为两大类,一类为结构性病害,另一类为非结构性病害,15种病害在石窟劣化过程中权重不同;2)20座盛唐龛窟中,4龛保存较好,11龛保存状况一般,3龛保存状态较差,2龛保存状态差,与实地调查结果相符。本次研究量化表征了15种现存病害的影响权重和20座龛窟的保存现状,有助于快速有效判断石窟病害程度的轻重缓急,为保护措施的制定和优化提供依据。     

无锡市城乡系统耦合测度与耦合度变化规律研究

经济发达地区大城市城乡系统耦合程度随着国家经济社会转型而不断变化,测度城乡系统耦合(以耦合度表示)旨在揭示不同时期城乡相互作用和影响程度,从而为进一步调控城乡互动关系提供科学依据。本文以无锡市为案例,以系统科学理论为基础,构建城乡系统耦合测度模型,对无锡市1979至2008年8个时期的城乡系统耦合程度进行测度,并分析耦合度变化原因和规律。结果表明:无锡市城乡系统耦合度变化过程明显分为三个阶段,呈现拉平"S"型。在1990s初期以前耦合度较低,反映城乡系统较为独立发展;1990s初期以后耦合度快速提高,城乡互动关系加强;进入21世纪耦合度缓慢上升趋于停滞,城市系统在持续加速发展的同时,乡村系统发展趋缓并呈下降趋势。伴随乡村系统发展速度的下降,城乡系统潜伏着二者不协调的危机,为保证其可持续发展,国家公共政策需要加强对乡村发展的扶持和引导,以促进城乡系统良性互动。     

城市居住区周边土地混合度对居民通勤交通碳排放的影响——以南京市江宁区典型居住区为例

建立低碳城市发展模式和都市空间结构是当前城市规划的重要实践内容之一。结合对南京市江宁区典型居住区的调研数据,文章初步分析了城市居住区周边土地混合度对通勤交通碳排放的影响。结果表明：①城市中心区土地混合度与通勤交通碳排放呈高度负相关;②在通勤交通碳排放中,私家车通勤碳排放占主导地位;③不同小区居民通勤交通碳排放呈现明显差别,城市中心区居民低碳排通勤交通方式特征显著,而城郊居民通勤方式呈现高碳排特征;④城市中心区土地混合度与低碳出行比例呈高度正相关。未来,应适当提高各城市功能区土地混合度,改善居民的通勤结构,进而减少通勤交通产生的碳排放,构建低碳城市。     

An examination of student veteran education pathways at an American university

Military veterans are enrolling in higher education at the highest rates since the Second World War. This research seeks to examine how military experiences related to student experiences within the discipline of Geography. We use a survey instrument to measure student motivations, attitudes, and aspirations for declared Geography majors. Given a high presence of military connected students, we then examine the similarities and differences in motivations, attitudes, and aspirations between military connected and non-military students. Findings suggest that there are similarities between military and non-military students with regard to motivating factors for selecting Geography as a major, there are differences with regards to attitudes towards cultural geography, and differences in how students perceive their future interactions with the environment. Differences in demographics and travel experiences also are identified and likely contribute to shaping undergraduate geography experiences. The results offer useful insight on current Geography student needs, and assist faculty and departments in tailoring learning based on student experience.     

2000—2018年全球恐怖袭击事件危害评价及时空演变研究

本文运用模糊综合评价、K-Means聚类等方法,探讨了全球恐怖袭击事件的危害程度及时空演变特征。研究发现：①发生频次最高的年份为2010年和2011年,地区为南亚、中东和北非,袭击类型为轰炸/爆炸,国家包括印度、伊拉克、巴基斯坦等;②危害程度越高的恐怖袭击事件其集中化程度越高;一级、二级事件主要分布在中东和北非、南亚等地区,三级、四级和五级事件主要分布在南亚、中东和北非及东南亚等地区;③空间上大致分为中东、中亚和南亚三大活跃区,菲律宾群岛等九大次级活跃区,爪哇岛和苏门答腊岛等其他风险区。本文对理解恐怖主义特征以及全球共同抵制恐怖主义具有重要参考价值。