Urban commons are more‐than‐property

Urban commons are characterised in the literature as collectively shared property in the city shaped by a context of scarce resources, population density, and the interaction of strangers. In the broader commons literature, commons appears as a verb, a noun, and a process made by practices of commoning—albeit still with a focus on property. In this paper, I argue that an understanding of urban commons as more‐than‐property is needed to recognise how present but elusive urban commons are. I use examples from interviews and observations conducted at a Women's Library to discuss how the access, use, benefit, care, responsibility, and ownership of this urban commons bring it into being through particular practices of commoning. By questioning current ways of defining urban commons, urban scholars gain a grounded understanding of the role of property, and other practices, in maintaining an urban commons over time.     

Historical and Textual Notes on Magical Texts in the Papyrus Collection of the University of Oslo Library†

This article, which concerns the history and texts of some of the magical papyri in the collection of the University of Oslo Library, has two parts. The first part (Hickey and Maravela) sheds light on the acquisition of the celebrated Oslo magical roll, P.Oslo I 1, by drawing on Samson Eitrem's account of the purchase in the Norwegian daily Aftenposten and the correspondence of Francis W. Kelsey, who had sought to buy the papyrus for the University of Michigan. The second part (Zellmann-Rohrer) offers critical remarks on the formats and texts of the magical papyri P.Oslo I 1, 4–5 and II 15.     

OpenStreetMap in Israel and Palestine – ‘Game changer’ or reproducer of contested cartographies?

In Israel and Palestine, map-making practices were always entangled with contradictive spatial identities and imbalanced power resources. Although an Israeli narrative has largely dominated the ‘cartographic battlefield’, the latest chapter of this story has not been written yet: collaborative forms of web 2.0 cartographies have restructured power relations in mapping practices and challenged traditional monopolies on map and spatial data production. Thus, we can expect web 2.0 cartographies to be a ‘game changer’ for cartography in Palestine and Israel. In this paper, I review this assumption with the popular example of OpenStreetMap (OSM). Following a mixed methods approach, I comparatively analyze the genesis of OSM in Israel and Palestine. Although nationalist motives do not play a significant role on either side, it turns out that the project is dominated by Israeli and international mappers, whereas Palestinians have hardly contributed to OSM. As a result, social fragmentations and imbalances between Israel and Palestine are largely reproduced through OSM data. Discussing the low involvement of Palestinians, I argue that OSM's ground truth paradigm might be a watershed for participation. Presumably, the project's data are less meaningful in some local contexts than in others. Moreover, the seemingly apolitical approach to map only ‘facts on the ground’ reaffirms present spatio-social order and thus the power relations behind it. Within a Palestinian narrative, however, many aspects of the factual material space might appear not as neutral physical objects but as results of suppression, in which case, any ‘accurate’ spatial representation, such as OSM, becomes objectionable.     

AN OPEN INVITATION?: ADDING LINKS TO THE EPISTEMOLOGY OF HISTORICAL REPRESENTATIONS

Gradual changes in the way historians select, interpret, and represent aspects of the past are related to equally or perhaps more gradual changes in museum practice. Edited collections on this subject reflect the state of both disciplines and offer an opportunity to evaluate trends, assess progress, and forecast the future. The collection examined in this review essay focuses on the idea of sharing historical authority: How far have we come? What methods have been used? What is the value of collaborative effort? Have technological developments, including digital media and the “participatory Web,” really enabled more inclusive participation? The analysis of the collection includes specific attention to the text itself as an exhibitionary object and emphasizes the effects of its unusual design elements, deictic signals, and heterogeneous genres—particularly the case studies and “thought pieces” that form a significant part of the collection. Other focal points include: the interrogative mood of the text and its call for active reading; explicit historical, social, and disciplinary contexts; and precursor texts that have addressed similar subject matter.     

《四库全书》本胡曾《咏史诗》的文献价值

《四库全书》所收南宋人胡元质重新编排注释的胡曾《咏史诗》,在今天看来至少具有三方面的文献价值,一可用以校勘文字,二可资以辑录佚文,三可据以推断某些古籍的亡佚时代。     

缪荃孙与江南图书馆

清末有识之士缪荃孙在江宁（今南京）建立藏书楼,编纂书目、订立规章,创建了著名的江南图书馆,成为近代图书馆中之出类拔萃者。     

图书馆读者投诉问题之分析

读者投诉是图书馆服务工作中的常见问题,如果处理不当,就会进一步激化矛盾,因此成为图书馆管理工作的重点之一。本文认为,关键是要正确认识读者投诉现象,认真分析读者投诉的原因,从读者的投诉中发现图书馆服务工作中存在的问题。同时,要进一步建立和完善读者投诉制度,采取切实有效的措施,不断提高图书馆的服务质量。     

安徽省图书馆所藏徽州祁门善和程氏宗族文书研究

祁门善和程氏是徽州程氏宗族的重要支派,遗存文书众多.笔者2008年参与整理了安徽省图书馆古籍部保存的一批祁门善和程氏宗族文书资料,此次整理文书近150件,分为土地文书、房契文书、赋役文书、商业文书、宗族关系实态文书、社会文书、会社文书七个方面.这批文书具有时间跨度大、内容丰富、种类齐全、关联度强、保存完整、民间性突出等特点,价值较大,值得进一步挖掘整理和深入研究.     

图书馆人力资源开发与管理刍议

人力资源是图书馆可持续发展的关键所在。本文分析了图书馆坚持以人为本管理的必要性以及现代图书馆人力资源管理的现状和特征,提出了推动人力资源开发与管理工作的相应对策。     

贵州省图书馆古籍馆藏形成初详

贵州省图书馆现藏古籍二十多万册,几乎占全省古籍半数。其形成有自民初以来近百年历史,其中二十世纪五十年代是其形成黄金时期。本文结合馆藏档案并参考多种出版物,分阶段回顾其形成大略并作初步评析。