Measuring Paleoindian range mobility and land-use in the Great Lakes/Northeast

Distance and direction to source data were compiled on the main toolstones employed at 83 Paleoindian sites with concave-based points (ca. 11,000–10,000 B.P.) from across the recently deglaciated Great Lake-Northeastern area of North America. These data were used in order to more rigorously evaluate several much debated ideas about annual range mobility scale and land use patterns and how they changed over time as these groups colonized and settled into the area. Movements are significantly biased to north–south axes, strongly suggesting these represent mainly seasonal moves and procurement of toolstones during regular travels rather than by specialized task groups. Means of comparing the scale of range mobility to ethnographic norms are explored and the results clearly show that these groups, especially the earliest occupants, had large annual range mobility scales and distinctive patterns of land use that are rarely seen or approached historically. They had to have been intensively targeting widely spaced but relatively abundant resources on the landscape. The only ethnographic groups who come close to such patterns historically were all caribou hunters, a perspective consistent with the idea these groups regularly exploited that resource. As long suggested, these land use patterns are probably related to the colonization of new lands in which there were little or no existing populations.     

历史矿区土地利用重建研究:以近代云南个旧锡矿为例

历史土地利用重建是LUCC研究的重要基础工作之一,在区域土地等资源开发及利用和环境变迁等研究中有着重要研究价值。受历史资料和数据属性局限,学界对历史上矿采用地状况及其反映的地理特征研究,量化手段和精确性不足,复原历史矿区土地利用更为少见。本文依据近世矿业档案、地理资源调查等资料,以近现代云南经济史上颇具影响的个旧锡矿为例,复原矿厂、厂尖及户数等的空间布局,重建其土地利用过程,并进一步探讨矿区人地作用相互关系的演变状况。