Spatial–temporal distribution and geographic context of Neolithic cultural sites in the Hanjiang River Basin,Southern Shaanxi,China

Understanding how to live successfully within our environment is among the most pressing challenges facing contemporary society. This paper probes the problem based on comparative analysis and discusses the relationship between the spatial–temporal distribution of the Neolithic cultural sites and the geographic context in the Hanjiang River Basin in the south of Shaanxi Province, China. Archaeological studies have identified 175 Neolithic cultural sites in the study area, with a sequence of Laoguantai (¹⁴C age 8–7 ka BP), Yangshao (¹⁴C age 7–5 ka BP) and the late period of the Neolithic Age (¹⁴C age 5–4 ka BP). The total number of archaeological sites, the distribution area and the density all showed an early ascending and later descending trend, but the proportion of the number of archaeological sites in the study area to the corresponding value of the entire Shaanxi Province declined sharply. Spatially, these sites were concentrated on the terraces of the Hanjiang River and its main tributaries with an altitude of 400–800 m. Multiple data were integrated to clarify the critical effects of tectonic and geomorphologic conditions on the distribution of the Neolithic sites. Further comparisons revealed the correlation of Holocene climate change and environmental evolution with the Neolithic cultural succession in the study area that ameliorated conditions to generally promote the development of the primitive culture while degeneration coincided with the culture's transition or interruption. The discussion on the origin of the primitive culture and the temporal–spatial distribution corresponding to the regional culture differentiation sheds light on the complex and dynamic human–nature interaction system during the Neolithic Age, thus emphasising the wider field-based investigation and high-resolution reconstruction works of the palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment in the future.     

江苏邗江胡场五号汉墓木牍、铜印及相关问题再考

江苏邗江胡场五号汉墓中木牍“文告牍”释文存在问题,将重文号“=”误解为冒号,将“辟”误解为“承”。“文告牍”性质是否为“告地策”,关键在于是否向地下鬼神通告亡人户籍,因此“文告牍”定名为“告地策”更为准确。汉墓中铜印读法应按照回文排列方式重新识读。木牍中“官司空”是专有名词,应释读为实有的机构与职官。     

江苏邗江甘泉顺利东汉墓清理简报

邗江甘泉顺利发现的一座东汉砖室墓,采用前堂横列单接棺室的T字形结构,前无甬道,沿袭了当地西汉木椁墓中一类外藏椁横列的平面布局,为东汉早中期之交一位有较高身份地位者的墓葬。墓中孑遗的鱼纹铜卡尺是一件精密的游标量具,极为珍贵。