Modern humans in Sarawak,Malaysian Borneo,during Oxygen Isotope Stage 3: palaeoenvironmental evidence from the Great Cave of Niah

During recent reinvestigations in the Great Cave of Niah in Borneo, the ‘Hell Trench’ sedimentary sequence seen by earlier excavators was re-exposed. Early excavations here yielded the earliest anatomically-modern human remains in island Southeast Asia. Calibrated radiocarbon dates, pollen, algal microfossils, palynofacies, granulometry and geochemistry of the ‘Hell Trench’ sequence provide information about environmental and vegetational changes, elements of geomorphic history and information about human activity. The ‘Hell’ sediments were laid down episodically in an ephemeral stream or pool. The pollen suggests cyclically changing vegetation with forest habitats alternating with more open environments; indicating that phases with both temperatures and precipitation reduced compared with the present. These events can be correlated with global climate change sequences to produce a provisional dating framework. During some forest phases, high counts of Justicia, a plant which today colonises recently burnt forest areas, point to fire in the landscape. This may be evidence for biomass burning by humans, presumably to maintain forest-edge habitats. There is evidence from palynofacies for fire on the cave floor in the ‘Hell’ area. Since the area sampled is beyond the limit of plant growth, this is evidence for human activity. The first such evidence is during an episode with significant grassland indicators, suggesting that people may have reached the site during a climatic phase characterised by relatively open habitats ∼50 ka. Thereafter, people were able to maintain a relatively consistent presence at Niah. The human use of the ‘Hell’ area seems to have intensified through time, probably because changes in the local hydrological regime made the area dryer and more suitable for human use.     

坚持用唯物史观认识和把握中国国情——学习华岗史学思想的一点体会

华岗同志是一位忠诚于党的事业的革命前辈,卓越的马克思主义理论家.在思想理论战线,他所关注的领域,涉及哲学、政治学、美学、历史学诸方面.华岗的史学思想,具有鲜明的特色,至今仍有强烈的现实意义.他强调研究历史是为了推动历史、创造历史;他发扬中国史学的"求真"传统,把追求历史的真实看作是史学研究的生命;他大力提倡学术创新,认为创新是史学发展的本质要求.     

潮湿土遗址隔水防潮技术对比研究

潮湿土遗址的破坏,很大程度上是受水的影响,目前国内几个潮湿土遗址经常使用的防水隔水措施主要有:挡水墙、隔水廊道、拱券法和抽水法。经过对几种方法进行总结评价,可看出拱券法是最有效的方法。     

王油坊类型龙山文化南徙路线重建——兼论江淮地区的“廊道”性

王油坊类型龙山文化的南徙之旅呈现东西两途。西线去往宁镇地区,即禹会-牛头岗-江宁点将台和高淳朝墩头;东线前赴环太湖流域,即禹会-南荡,至江阴花山,再东去松江广福林。在其南徙的过程中,江淮是必经之道。江淮属于"廊道"地区,一方面,它的连通性给区域间文化交流带来便利;另一方面,这一开放的区域又易引来外域强势文化的干扰,导致本地文化受损。众多的能流、物质流、信息流,都以高密度、高流速和少停留的方式从此通过,从根本上决定了廊道地区相比于稳定的文化母区,不可能凝聚和沉淀起深厚的文化底蕴,导致江淮地区的社会进程出现断裂相。     

关于粉碎“四人帮”的斗争

毛主席生前就宣布王、张、江、姚等人是“四人帮”,并指示“要注意江青他们有篡党夺权的野心” ,为粉碎“四人帮”奠定了重要的基础。毛主席逝世后 ,种种迹象表明“四人帮”篡党夺权的行动已经是箭在弦上 ,华国锋的处境很困难。中央政治局执行党和人民的意志 ,经过精心安排和周密部署 ,顺利地一举粉碎了“四人帮”这个恶贯满盈的反革命集团。     

塔里木河下游绿色走廊的兴衰与保护

在历史上 ,塔里木河下游改道主要有 5次 ,每次改道都引起下游地区生态环境的剧变 ,绿色走廊的衰退 ,给我们留下了宝贵的经验教训。塔里木河下游的绿色走廊能否得到保护 ,关键是看有无保护它的水量。现在南疆之水量完全可以维护南疆的生态 ,塔里木河下游之水量完全可以维护塔里木河下游的生态。目前南疆严重缺水、塔里木河下游严重缺水 ,根本原因不是水量不足 ,而是没有管好用好现有水源。文章提出了保护塔里木河下游绿色走廊的 1 8项措施     

重返“古苗疆走廊”——西南地区、民族研究与文化产业发展新视阈

元明时期新开辟的从湖广经贵州通往云南的"东路"驿道,不仅是维系内地与西南边陲往来的主要交通命脉,并且也直接影响了明清时期西南边疆地区政治版图的变化。本文首次提出了"古苗疆走廊"这一概念,初步探讨了这条走廊对贵州省的建省、明清时代"苗疆"地区的"国家化"过程以及民族关系等所带来的影响,并对"古苗疆走廊"的地域及族群文化的特点等进行了初步整理和分析。就今后推进"古苗疆走廊"作为"世界文化线路遗产"申报的可能性问题,也提出了初步的看法。     

High‐speed railroads and economic geography: Evidence from Japan

Our study shows that high‐speed railroads (HSR) can either polarize or diffuse economic geography based on the sector and distance between cities. Economic activities could agglomerate from distant to core areas, while disperse from core toward its periphery at the same time. Empirical evidence from the 1982 introduction of two major HSRs in Japan, which halved intercity transit time, support this. Noncore areas lost 3–6 percent population; service employment declined 7 percent, whereas manufacturing employment increased by 21 percent. Municipalities within approximately 150 km of Tokyo expanded, while the distant ones contracted. The net result is that the Tokyo metropolitan area agglomerates because of HSR.     

珠江三角洲城际间运输联系的特征分析

本文分析了珠江三角洲各主要城市之间客、货流量的空间分布形态,就珠江三角洲的整体交通运输形势而言,占第一位的是广州-东莞-深圳-香港一线。由于其优越的地理位置、悠久历史、社会经济持续高速的发展、最初改革开放的优惠政策、以及由此所形成的目前较为完善的政策体系,使穗港沿线成为珠江三角洲成型的交通运输走廊。同时珠江三角洲地区的空间运输联系具有强烈的广州指向性,目前尚未形成走廊的网络模式,对整体珠三角的发展并非十分有利。     

朱熹和《资治通鉴纲目》

朱熹的《资治通鉴纲目》产生以后,不仅形成了一种新史体--纲目体,而且到明代又催生出纲鉴热,为史学走向社会、走向通俗化无形中走出了一条道路.然而长期以来,史学界对此却一直不加理会,本文拟就这些方面作些初步探索,以期引起人们的注意.