Christological Foundations for Political Participation: Women in the Global South Building Agency as Risen Beings

This paper draws upon the theologies of Jon Sobrino and Engelbert Mveng to construct a social ethics of participation for those who have been marginalized by corrupt political and economic institutions, focusing on the agency of women in Sub-Sahara Africa. In light of the philosophy of political participation in developing countries, I examine Sobrino's insights that the victims of the evil of this world have to live as risen beings, I consider the African Theologian Engelbert Mveng's concept of anthropological pauperization, and argue that it makes a difference to consider historical events that influence the contexts in which we view the victims. I also argue that both Sobrino and Mveng provide foundations for political participation of the victims, but there is a need to reinforce the agency of the victims, and their own ability to come down from the cross and live as risen beings. Such agency suggests the need for reinforcing the political participation of the victims. Finally, I supplement Mveng's thoughts with the cultural features of the African philosophy of Ubuntu — related to African Humanism — to show that Ubuntu, as well as Mveng, reinforce Sobrino's claims.     

试析中苏关系破裂的原因

中苏关系破裂的原因是多方面的,主要有:中苏在意识形态领域发生分歧;以赫鲁晓夫为首的苏联大力推行大国沙文主义损害了中国的国家利益;以毛泽东为首的中共中央对马克思主义理解出现偏差并日趋"左"倾.中苏关系的这一段曲折历史为世界各国正确处理国际事务提供了前车之鉴,国际关系只有建立在和平共处五项原则的基础上,我们才能拥有和平有序的世界.     

当前浙江华侨回国定居现象探析

针对近年来移民回流现象,用抽样调查的定量方法,对回浙定居华侨的人口社会学特征进行了归纳;对影响华侨回国定居的经济、政治因素进行了分析;认为当前华侨回国定居主要是为了恢复国内户口,方便经商、读书和生活等,其本身还具有很强的国际流动性。我国政府有关主管部门应当实施积极的华侨回国定居政策,以顺应经济全球化和人权保障的时代潮流。     

David J. Starkey,Chris Reid and Neil Ashcroft: England's Sea Fisheries. The Commercial Sea Fisheries of England and Wales since 1300. Chatham Publishing,London 2000, 272 pages

Abstract

This article explores the management practice of protection notices, fredlysning, in the traditional practice of eider down harvesting in Northern Norway. Previously, private initiatives were legitimate for protecting land and resources from public utilization, while today only the state authorities have this privilege. By juxtaposing empirical material from current eider down harvesting activities with childhood memories of growing up in this area during the 1960s, and available legal documents, the author finds that some quite radical changes have tacitly taken place, indicating rather tense dilemmas concerning local perceptions of land use issues. Analytically, Olwig's distinction between customary and natural law is used as a tool for addressing the political dimensions of the landscape concept historically. In this perspective, fredlysning fluctuates in and out of codified law through the centuries, and under growing impact of natural law rationale. Land issues, both concerning property rights and public access and use of the common resources of the outlying fields, utmarksressurser, are here understood as very powerful means to bind the people to the land, as a way of transforming the legitimate scale of polity, of building bonds to the nation.     

An Early Islamic Inter-Settlement Agroecosystem in the Coastal Sand of the Yavneh Dunefield,Israel

This study examines the remains of an agricultural complex found in the Yavneh coastal dunefield, central Israel. Known as a plot-and-berm agroecosystem, the complex consisted of earthworks in a crisscross pattern of sand berms and sunken agricultural plots that were used for groundwater harvesting. The plots, which provided easy access to the high groundwater table and the berms around them, are overlaid by a gray sand unit covered by pottery sherds and artifacts. This gray sand is more fertile than the underlying sand, suggesting refuse enrichment. Artifactual similarity of the finds to those of inland (Tel) Yavneh suggests that Yavneh was the main source for the refuse additive. Based on artifacts and OSL ages it seems that this agroecosystem was active during the 10th to early 12th centuries a.d. The agroecosystem demonstrates an early example of an Early Islamic agrotechnological attempt in marginal and sandy regions of the Mediterranean basin.     

美国学界关于中国共产党城市接管史研究述评

新中国城市接管是城市管理与城市建设的一个特殊阶段,其时间虽然较短,但影响深远。中国共产党对新解放城市的接管是中华人民共和国大厦的奠基石,也是中国共产党建政成功与否的关键。因此,研究中共城市接管是洞察中国共产党政权建构与施政理念的重要切入点。美国学界持续关注中共城市接管史,研究内容涉及城市接管的过程、接管干部(含南下干部)以及城市接管之后的社会改造和城市变迁等。随着研究视角的转换,美国学界的关注点亦有所不同。近些年来美国学界相关的研究议题越来越细化,关注点从宏大的政治叙事转向社会结构和城市生活变迁,而研究方法也呈现多样化的趋势。     

中国南方地区宋元时期的仿古青铜器

在中国南方地区曾发现过多处宋元时期窖藏,并出土过数量可观的仿古青铜器;这些窖藏大都有相关的纪年,而且其中某些仿古青铜器本身就带有制作年号,提供了宋元仿古青铜器重要特征的识别依据,甚至可作为它们断代的标尺。本文即从这些有一定代表性的,且来源途径可信的出土仿古青铜器着手,以考古类型学的方法,梳理分析其特点。以期对传世的宋元以后仿古青铜器的断代提供参考。     

王守仁平定宁王宸濠叛乱三次献俘行迹考略——从故宫博物院藏王守仁书《铜陵观铁船歌》说起

王守仁平定宁王宸濠叛乱,不论是对当时朝廷还是对王守仁本人,都是一件大事。然而关于王守仁的献俘行迹,史载却颇多错乱。故宫博物院藏王守仁书《铜陵观铁船歌》长卷,是一件非常珍贵的历史资料,不仅对于考证正德十四年九月至正德十五年三月王守仁平定宁王宸濠叛乱后的三次献俘行迹与艰难处境有很大帮助,对于了解王守仁遭遇政坛险恶与人生坎坷的复杂心理也有很大裨益。     

周文王之法新释

周文王在完成准备灭商事业过程中,曾经推行过一条法令--."有亡荒阅".史学界一直都把这条法令诠释为:"对逃亡的奴隶进行大搜捕",并引用这段史料来说明早期周族的社会性质.本文根据资料分析,"有亡荒阅"搜捕的不仅仅是奴隶,而是各阶层逃亡的人各归其主;而且这条法令在周灭商过程中,起了重大作用,它协调了西伯与各诸候国的关系,最终形成了推翻商朝的合力.     

关于中国稻作起源证据的讨论与商榷

本文是对傅稻镰等人最近的文章批评中国栽培水稻起源研究缺乏证据、提出长江下游水稻栽培开始于公元前4000年这一观点一文的回应。我们首先考察中国从野生稻采集到水稻栽培过程研究的相关文献．进而从水稻形态学和考古学的角度对早期水稻遗存加以研究。讨论集中在以下三个方面：长江流域最早水稻栽培的时间：长江下游和淮河流域初期栽培水稻的遗存;考古遗存所见水稻粒形态大小变化的意义。我们也考察了傅文用来区分野生水稻和栽培水稻的几个标准：考古纪录中所见的未成熟稻遗存、水稻粒的增大和水稻粒的形态。根据已经发表的资料和我们对水稻的研究,我们认为到全新世早期（距今9000年前后）,南北中国的新石器时代居民就可能已经收获野生稻并开始水稻栽培了。