政治与法律的良性互动——英国法治道路成功的根本原因

政治和法律既相辅相成,又相反相克。二者关系结构的不同,直接影响着甚至决定着一个国家的法治文明进程。英国的法治道路是一条较为顺畅的成功之路,其成功的根本原因在于政治与法律之间建立和保持了一种良性互动关系。16世纪以前,适度强大的政治权威促成了英国法治传统的生成以及自治型、制度化普通法体系的建立和衡平法的产生。16～17世纪,借助于普通法制度积极有效的制衡作用,英国有幸绕过了绝对专制统治的历史弯路,先于其他各国跨入了现代法治社会。认真总结英国法治经验,对于当前我国的法治建设事业无疑是大有裨益的。     

Transport Infrastructure in the Mountains: Why and How to Protect Landscape with Human Activity as Part of its Heritage

In mountain areas without permanent settlements, human activity is entirely dependent on spatial interaction. For centuries, local and regional traffic has followed livestock trails and footpaths. Mainly during the 20th century, new public and private roads changed this situation significantly in large parts of Norway. While mountain summer farming decreased, hydropower development and leisure use became dominant. Protected areas have been established to preserve possibilities for outdoor recreation and ‘wilderness’. However, seasonal farming activity is still an important upholder of cultural heritage. In the investigated area in western Norway, parallels between accessibility and human activity on mountain summer farmsteads have been identified with the abandonment of dairy production between ca 1905 and 1973, recent use by landowners and hikers’ use of publicly accessible tourist cabins. Increased differences in accessibility and protection status have resulted in diversification of human activity in different locations. Custom and tradition represent different principles according to which cultural landscape can be maintained—with emphasis on dynamics or invariance, respectively. Recent landscape protection focuses primarily on tradition. The necessity of easy access to maintain the living cultural heritage in addition to ‘wilderness’ areas, however, requires taking both concepts into account, most probably treated as geographically separate.     

德国ERZ山脉地区的圣诞木制品略考

探讨德国私人收藏家马丁先生关于ERZ山脉地区的圣诞制品的起源、内容、特点,以及它们身上饱含的ERZ山人的情结与意识。通过对圣诞木制品的考察,总结了圣诞制品中所反映出来的意义、ERZ山脉地区人们对传统工艺品的爱心和责任心,并对圣诞习俗的主题作了初步的归纳。     

郑州西山河南艺术职业学院秦汉墓葬发掘简报

2004年,河南省文物考古研究所发掘了河南艺术职业学院新校址的27座秦汉墓葬,年代跨度从战国到西汉晚期。其墓葬形制及出土器物体现了秦文化对中原地区的影响,为研究秦汉时期关中地区与中原地区文化交流以及中原地区丧葬习俗的演变提供了宝贵材料。     

再葬画像石墓的发现与再研究

再葬画像石墓的出现,社会动荡、经济凋蔽是直接原因,丧葬习俗的改变是再葬画像石墓出现的重要因素。     

湘西土家族育儿礼俗探研

在湘西土家族人的心目中,一个婴儿的诞生只有通过诞生仪礼,才能成为真正意义上的“人”。育儿礼俗,寄托了人们对美好未来的追求,是民族个性与地方特色的标志之一。故土家族的育儿礼俗是一个民族的化源流,是环太平洋化的一个因子。     

岭南战国秦汉墓的“架棺”葬俗

在部分岭南战国秦汉墓葬中,随葬器物的空间分布和保存状态显示出"架棺"的迹象。结合广州汉墓中"架棺"和"架举棺室"的实例,以及部分岭南战国秦汉墓葬中墓底柱洞和凹槽的发现情况,推测"架棺"葬俗在战国秦汉时期岭南地区的越人墓葬中使用较为普遍。"架棺"的方式较为复杂,此葬俗的文化含义也值得深入研究。     

The Low Countries' connection: landscape and the struggle over representation around 1600

In Anglophone geography, the concept of landscape is often defined in visual terms as the expression of a spatial rationality. Historically, the strongly visual qualities of landscape tend to be related to early capitalist developments in Italy and the Low Countries. Yet, recent scholarly interventions have asserted that landscape in early modern Europe also animated so-called ‘platial’ (or place-oriented) practices and ideologies of political representation, justice, and custom. This paper seeks to bring these diverging platial and spatial approaches together through an examination of political and visual representation of landscape in the northern Low Countries around 1600. It is argued that the tensions between platial notions of landscape and spatial rationality were unceasingly pertinent to the protracted struggles over political representation in the Low Countries during the revolt against Spain. Visual representations of landscape provided ways to take in, reflect upon, and codify those struggles. The Dutch landscape remained entangled in a double dialectic in which spatial and platial modes of political and visual representation mutually shaped each other.     

考古所见先秦两汉的床及其礼俗初探

中国古代,早期床的演化经历了一个由专而泛的过程。在殷墟卜辞和西周文献中,床专指卧具,东周时期床分化为坐具和卧具,汉代又附加了榻之类坐与半卧的功能。唐宋以来,很多与坐卧无关的床形器物,也被叫做床。考古所见早期床的形制,也反映了这一过程。同时,古代在使用床的过程中形成了相应的文化和礼俗。     

龙虬庄墓地葬俗研究

文章讨论了龙虬庄墓葬的空间分布,多种多样的葬式以及复杂合葬现象,通过墓葬要素之间的相关分析来探讨葬俗成因,并且试图从历时的角度来探讨葬俗发生变化的意义。