The Gubbio Papers: historic centers in the age of the economic miracle

World War II is over. Italy is radically transformed with new modes of production and consumption, of thinking and dreaming, of living the present, remembering the past, and projecting the future. Here is the end of an 'old' archaic Italy, and the beginning of a 'modern' one, which rethinks its own national identity on the basis of its 'Atlantic' collocation and Marshallized economy - but also as resistance to an 'Americanization' of its culture. An emblematic episode in this reconstruction of Italy is the discussion, opened by the Gubbio Papers in the early 1960s, on the ­'management' of Italy's artistic 'patrimony'. The restoration of Italy's historic centers, aimed at avoiding American urban sprawl and the culture of US neo-capitalism, engenders, however, new and more peculiar problems - last but not the least the 'museumification' of both Italy's culture and its past. This article frames the Gubbio 'solution' within the larger contemporary debate concerning the models of economic and cultural development that should be deployed in Italy's 'reconstruction'.     

Sonorous Specters: On Some Recent Histories and Economies of Afro-Latin Jazz

This essay examines the shifts and recalibrations in the Latin Americanist musical production at stake in the relation between Jazz at Lincoln Center and the Afro Latin Jazz Orchestra, institutions sharing an abiding commitment to the past but differing in how they conceive and enact time, space, and place. I identify a set of figures consistently and constantly invoked by contemporary actors to create symbolic and material economies grounded less in a tradition than in the differing relations that the living held with their specters, past, present, and future.     

Reviews Book

TIM UNWIN. Wine and the Vine: An Historical Geography of Viticulture and the Wine Trade. London and New York: Roudedge, 1991. Pp. xvi, 409. $29.95 (us). Reviewed by Norman R. Bennett

MASK GREENGHASS, ed. Conquest and Coalescence: The Shaping of the State in Early Modem Europe. London: Edward Arnold, 1991. Pp viii, 200. $33.95 (CDN). Reviewed by Simon Ditchfiel

DAVID KIRBY. Northern Europe in the Early Modem Period: The Baltic World 1492–1772. London and New York: Longman, 1990. Pp. xii, 443. $33.95 (CDN). Reviewed by Thomas Munck

JOHN CORREIA-APONSO, ed. Intrepid Itinerant: Manuel Godinho and His Journey from India to Portugal in 1663. Bombay: Oxford University Press, 1990. Pp. xi, 253. $33.50 (CDN). Reviewed by Anthony Disney

KARL W. SCHWEIZER. Frederick the Great, William Pitt, and Lord Bute: The Anglo-Prussian Alliance, 1756–1763. New York: Garland Publishing, 1991. Pp. ix, 358. $53.00 (US). Reviewed by H.M. Scott

HELEN ANGELOMATIS-TSOUGARAKIS. The Eve of the Great Revival: British Travellers' Perceptions of Early Nineteenth-Century Greece. London and New York: Roudedge, 1990. Pp. xvii, 289. $52.00 (US). Reviewed by Alexander Kitroeff

CARL VON CLAUSEWITZ. Historical and Political Writings, ed. and trans. Peter Paret and Daniel Moran. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992. Pp. 397. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Christopher Bassford

LAWRENCE SONDHAUS. In the Service of the Emperor: Italians in the Austrian Armed Forces 1814–1918. Boulder, Col.: East European Monographs; dist. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990. Pp. ix, 217. $32.50 (US). Reviewed by Erwin A. Schmidl

SANDI E. COOPER. Patriotic Pacifism: Waging War on War in Europe, 1815–1914… New York: Oxford University Press, 1991. Pp. 336. $55.95 (CDN). Reviewed by Roger Chickering

R.S. O'FAHEY. Enigmatic Saint: Ahmad Ibn Idris and the Idrisi Tradition. Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press, 1990. Pp. xvii, 261. $42.95 (US), cloth; $12.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Rudolph Peters

RUDOLPH J. VECOLI and SUZANNE M. SINKE, eds. A Century of European Migrations, 1830–1930. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1991. Pp. 395. $44.95 (US). Reviewed by Donald Harman Akenson

MARGARET FULLER. ‘These Sad but Glorious Days’: Dispatches from Europe, 1846–1850, ed. Larry J. Reynolds and Susan Belasco Smith. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1991. Pp. xiii, 338. $35.00 (US). Reviewed by Agatha Ramm

STEVEN G. MARKS. Road to Power: The Trans-Siberian Railroad and the Colonization of Asian Russia, 1850–1917. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1991. Pp. xxi, 240. $31.95 (US). Reviewed by J.L. Black

ANN POTTINGBR SAAB. Reluctant Icon: Gladstone, Bulgaria and the Working Classes 1856–1878. Cambridge, Mass, and London: Harvard University Press, 1991. Pp. ix, 257. $39.95 (US). Reviewed by P.R. Ghosh

ARDEN BUCHOLZ. Moltke, Schlieffen and Prussian War Planning. New York and Oxford: Berg Publishers; dist. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992. Pp. xi, 352. $59.95 (US). Reviewed by Gunther E. Rothenberg

HERBERT ELZER. Bismarcks Bündnispolitik von 1887: Erfolg und Grenzen einer europäischen Friedensordnung. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1991. Pp. 507. DM 108. Reviewed by Norman Rich

ISAHIA N. KIMAMBO. Penetration and Protest in Tanzania: The Impact of the World Economy on the Pare 1860–1960. Athens: Ohio University Press, 1991. Pp. xii, 188. $29.95 (US), cloth; $16.95 (US), paper

ABDUL SHERIFF and ED FERGUSON, eds. Zanzibar under Colonial Rule. Athens: Ohio University Press, 1991. Pp. ix, 278. $34.95 (US), cloth; $19.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Ibrahim Abdullah

ROBERT A. KANN. Dynasty, Politics and Culture: Selected Essays, ed. Stanley B. Winters. Boulder, Col.: Social Science Monographs; dist. New York: Columbia University Press, 1991. Pp. xvi, 444. $61.00 (US). Reviewed by Enno E. Kraehe

CARLO M. SANTORO. La politica estera di una media potenza: L'Italia dall'Unità ad oggi. Bologna: il Mulino, 1991. Pp. 352. L40,000

BRUNELLO VIGEZZI. Politica Estera e Opinione Pubblica in Italia dall'Unità ai Giorni Nostri. Milan: Jaca Books, 1991. Pp. 220. L22,000. Reviewed by Richard Bosworth

DAVID A. LAKE. Power, Protection, and Free Trade: International Sources of US Commercial Strategy, 1887-1939. Ithaca, N.Y. and London: Cornell University Press, 1988. Pp. xi, 242. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Ben Baack

JOSEPH SMITH. Unequal Giants: Diplomatic Relations between the United States and Brazil, 1889–1930. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1991. Pp. 296. $39.95 (US)

THOMAS D. SCHOONOVER. The United States in Central America, 1860–1911: Episodes of Social Imperialism and Imperial Rivalry in the World System. Durham, N.C. and London: Duke University Press, 1991. Pp. xiii, 253. $32.50 (US). Reviewed by Lester D. Langley

ROSAMUND M. THOMAS. Espionage and Secrecy: The Official Secrets Act 1911–1989 of the United Kingdom. London and New York: Routledge, 1991. Pp. 304. £40.00. Reviewed by Wesley K. Wark

LEE CONGDON. Exile and Social Thought: Hungarian Intellectuals in Germany and Austria, 1919–1933. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991. Pp. xvi, 376. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by István Deák

ROBERT WRIGHT. A World Mission: Canadian Protestantism and the Quest for a New International Order, 1919–1939. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1991. Pp. x, 337. $44.95 (CDN). Reviewed by A. Hamish Ion

JAN WILLEM SCHULTE NOHDHOLT. Woodrow Wilson: A Life for World Peace, trans. Herbert H. Rowen. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991. Pp. viii, 495. $34.95 (US). Reviewed by Lloyd E. Ambrosius

CAROLE FINK, AXEL FROHN, and JÜRGEN HELDBKING, eds. Genoa, Rapallo, and European Reconstruction in 1922. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. x, 262. $44.50 (US). Reviewed by Alan Cassels

B.J.C. MCKERCHER, ed. Anglo-American Relations in the 1920s: The Struggle for Supremacy. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 1990. Pp. xiii, 242. $37.50 (CDN). Reviewed by Frank Costigliola

HARM G. SCHRÖTER and CLEMENS A. WURM, eds. Politik, Wirtschaft und internationale Beziehungen: Studien zu ihrem Verhältnis in der Zeit zwischen den Weltkriegen. Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 1991. Pp. ix, 176. DM 48. Reviewed by Andrew J. Crozier

GERALD STUDDERT-KENNEDY. British Christians, Indian Nationalists and the Raj. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991. Pp. x, 274. $23.95 (CDN). Reviewed by Judith M. Brown

MICHAEL GELB, ed. An American Engineer in Stalin's Russia: The Memoirs of Zara Witkin, 1932–1934. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991. Pp. ix, 363. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by David W. McFadden

PAUL BROOKER. The Faces of Fratemalism: Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Imperial Japan. New York: The Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, 1991. Pp. ix, 397. $89.00 (US). Reviewed by Alan Cassels

TOM BUCHANAN. The Spanish Civil War and the British Labour Movement. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. xvii, 250. $47.50 (US). Reviewed by Tim Rees

MARK WALKER. German National Socialism and the Quest for Nuclear Power 1939–1949. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989. Pp. x, 290. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Bruce Wheaton

IFTIKHAR H. MALIK. US-South Asian Relations, 1940–47: American Attitudes towards the Pakistan Movement. London: Macmillan, 1991. Pp. xi, 322. £45.00. Reviewed by Ayesha Jalal

SIR ALEC CAIRNCROSS. Planning in Wartime: Aircraft Production in Britain, Germany and the USA. London: Macmillan, 1991. Pp. xvi, 197. £35.00. Reviewed by Robin Higham

JOHN A. ENGLISH. The Canadian Army and the Normandy Campaign: A Study of Failure in High Command. New York: Praeger, 1991. Pp. xvii, 347. $47.95 (US). Reviewed by David I. Hall

DAVID JABLONSKY. Churchill, the Great Game and Total War. London: Frank Cass, 1991. Pp. xi, 237. £27.50, cloth; £18.00, paper

CHRISTOPHER HILL. Cabinet Decisions on Foreign Policy: The British Experience October 1938–June 1941. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. xx, 359. $59.50 (US). Reviewed by John Charmley

PAUL FREYBERG. Bernard Freyberg VC: Soldier of Two Nations. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1991. Pp. xi, 627. £30.00. Reviewed by T.H.E. Travers

JOHN GILLINGHAM. Coal, Steel, and the Rebirth of Europe, 1945–1955: The German and French from Ruhr Conflict to Economic Community. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. xvi, 397. $44.50 (US). Reviewed by Henry Pelling

IRWIN M. WALL. The United States and the Making of Postwar France, 1945–1954. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. x, 324. $47.50 (US). Reviewed by Alan S. Milward

LOUISE FAWCETT. Iran and the Cold War: The Azerbaijan Crisis of 1946. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992. Pp. xii, 227. $54.95 (US). Reviewed by Fred H. Lawson

E. TIMOTHY SMITH. The United States, Italy and NATO, 1947–52. London: Macmillan, 1991. Pp. ix, 232. £45.00. Reviewed by James Edward Milles

PAUL M. EVANS and B. MICHAEL FROLIC, eds. Reluctant Adversaries: Canada and the People's Republic of China 1949–1970. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1991. Pp. xii, 268. $60.00 (CDN), cloth; $19.95 (CDN), paper. Reviewed by Patricia E. Roy

LAWRENCE S. KAPLAN, ed. American Historians and the Atlantic Alliance. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1991. Pp. viii, 192. $27.00 (US), cloth; $14.50 (US), paper. Reviewed by Ritchie Ovendale

MONICA BRAW. The Atomic Bomb Suppressed: American Censorship in Occupied Japan. Armonk, N.Y. and London: M.E. Sharpe, 1991. Pp. xviii, 194. $35.00 (US).Reviewed by Kathryn Meyer

JEFFREY HERF. War by Other Means: Soviet Power, West German Resistance, and the Battle of the Euromissiles. New York: Free Press (Macmillan), 1991. Pp. xiii, 369. $24.95 (US).Reviewed by Matthew Evangelista

MARTIN STANILAND. American Intellectuals and African Nationalists, 1955–1970. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1991. Pp. ix, 310. $30.00 (US).Reviewed by Dane Kennedy

DIANE B. KUNZ. The Economic Diplomacy of the Suez Crisis. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 1991. Pp. xii, 295. $43.95 (US).Reviewed by Kathleen Buhk

W. DAVID MCINTYRE. The Significance of the Commonwealth 1965–90. London: Macmillan, 1991. Pp. ix, 305. £45.00.Reviewed by J.G. Darwin

KARL PIERAGOSTINI. Britain, Aden and South Arabia: Abandoning Empire. London: Macmillan, 1991. Pp. xiv, 256. £45.00.Reviewed by Michael B. Bisheu

TOMOHEI CHIDA and PETER N. DAVTES. The Japanese Shipping and Shipbuilding Industries: A History of Their Modem Growth. London and Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Athlone Press, 1990. Pp. xi, 240. $65.00 (US).Reviewed by Steven J. Ericson

WILLIAM T. TOW. Encountering the Dominant Player: US Extended Deterrence Strategy in the Asia-Pacific. New York: Columbia University Press, 1991. Pp. xiv, 540. $52.00 (US).Reviewed by Paul A. Varg

CHARLES F. DORAN. Systems in Crisis: New Imperatives of High Politics at Century's End. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. xviii, 294. $49.50 (US).Reviewed by Robert Jervis     

近年来世界性反美主义研究综述

近年来,国内外学者对反美主义进行了较大规模的研究。这一研究加深了人们对反美主义概念的深入理解和认识。本文通过对反美主义概念、类型、根源和影响四个方面的学术梳理,阐述了国内外学者在这一问题上的研究成果,同时也指出了研究不足的方面和值得进一步探讨的问题。