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Mario Cams 《Frontiers of History in China》2014,9(4):489-505
At the turn of the 18th century, the Kangxi emperor initiated a large project to map the vast territories of the Qing. The land surveys that ensued were executed by teams of Qing officials and European missionaries, most of them French Jesuits first sent to China in 1685 and actively supported by the French crown. Early 18th century Jesuit publications foster a much-heralded claim that these missionary-mapmakers drew on their status of imperial envoys during the surveys to locally advance the position of the Catholic church. This article strives to explore the format/on of such local networks by these missionaries as they passed through the cities and towns of the Chinese provinces. On the basis of archival material, details emerge of contacts with local Qing administrators and Chinese Christians, and of attempts to purchase and recover local churches. This is then discussed against the background of the Rites Controversy, in an attempt to evaluate how such local networks relate to the rivalry between missionaries of different orders. The article emphasizes that there was (and perhaps is) no such thing as "pure science" by underscoring that important technical achievements such as the Qing mapping project are often shaped by complex networks and historical contingencies. 相似文献
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近年,我国高校机械设计课程体系、课程内容以及立体化教学模式的改革和重点课程建设,主要从机械设计课程设计的设计方法和手段的改进等方面进行了大胆的改革与实践,逐步实施了从手工绘图到二维AUTOCAD的应用最终到三维CAD/CAE的过渡,在学生中起到了积极的反应,在提高学生的设计能力和综合素质方面得到了较好的效果。 相似文献
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全站仪在考古绘图、考古测量与发掘布方中有着广泛的应用前景,如能很好解决当前对全站仪缺乏认知、教育缺失和其价格昂贵的三大问题,应该会在考古中得到更好的应用。 相似文献
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AutoCAD是美国Autodesk公司开发用于个人计算机的辅助绘图设计系统。自1982年推出第一个版本后,经过数次更新版本,已成为当今世界使用最为广泛的CAD系统。 相似文献
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作者试验了一套利用数码相机和计算机进行器物绘图的方法。其效果是令人满意的,不但大大提高工作效率,而且能与传统的方法相衔接。这一套方法不难在考古工作中推广应用,还有利于今后数据库的建立。 相似文献
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通过设定地面控制点测量,在数字摄影测量基础上通过Agisoft Photoscan软件可以实现对遗迹多视角三维影像进行重建,并获取遗迹的平面和剖面正射影图像。再导入Adobe Ⅲustrator软件中绘制出遗迹的平剖面图。这样方法不仅易操作、方便和快捷,而且数据精准,误差小。尽管还存在一定的局限性,但是适用于大多数遗迹平剖面图的绘制。它在田野考古绘图中的应用前景会越来越好,在考古学研究中发挥的作用也将越来越重要。 相似文献
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戴璟《广东通志》卷首为图经,图经中的《广州府地理图》绘有广州城部分,是目前所见的地方志中最早绘制的广州城图。尽管该图的绘制沿袭中国传统的绘图方法,即“不着经纬,不甚明比例,但略记山川地名,兹不详考”(王庸《中国地理学史》),但对于明代地方志书及其他地方文献中广州城地图的绘制起着示范的作用, 相似文献