Study on the strontium isotope standard in pig teeth excavated from Zaoshugounao site,Shaanxi Province of China

In archaeology, strontium isotope analysis is developing into an efficient scientific technique for tracing the movement of prehistoric humans and animals. Determining the local bioavailable ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio range is the key to distinguishing whether the human or animal is indigenous to the local area. It has been shown that the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio in the enamel of pigs can be an excellent sample to determine the range of local strontium isotope ratio at the site. However, pigs may not be all local at the site, and there is no special study on whether pigs’ different ages and tooth types impact the local strontium isotope characteristics. In this paper, the tooth enamel of 19 pigs from the Zaoshugounao site for strontium isotope ratio (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr) by multicollector–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. There were no significant differences in ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of local pigs at different months and different molar types, which did not affect the determination of the local strontium isotope standard. Based on the local strontium isotope ratio range (0.711056–0.711476), we found that five pigs were non-local. The Jing and Wei river basins (in Guanzhong basin) and northern Shaanxi are likely sources of non-pigs.     

清代帝陵的哑巴院和月牙城

本文论述清代帝陵中的哑巴院和月牙城的建置与功用,进而探讨其规制的起源问题。指出关外的福陵与昭陵系参照北京明代后期的帝陵及清孝陵兴建,而南京明孝陵的规制已见哑巴院的雏形,其发展演变脉络清晰,故而哑巴院和月牙城并非明清两代帝陵规制最显著的差别。     

明治旧民法典的编纂及其特点

明治旧民法典是日本近代法制建设的重要一页,虽然其未被实施,但是,从明治旧民法典编纂过程来看,它是近代日本实现民族独立和社会发展的需要,对近代日本法律体制的形成有深远的影响。     

《司马法》成书及版本考述

《司马法》旧题"司马穰苴撰",根据《史记》和《左传》的相关材料可以基本认定,司马穰苴是陈完的后裔,其军事生涯大约在周景王十三年(公元前532年)至周敬王三十年(公元前490年)之间的某一段时期,今本《司马法》5篇应该是齐威王时齐国大夫追述的古司马兵法和穰苴军事思想的混合体,它来自宋代刊定的《武经七书》,有三卷本和一卷本两个版本系统。     

Conodonts and tabulate corals from the Upper Ordovician Angullong Formation of central New South Wales,Australia

Zhen, Y.Y., Wang, G.X. &; Percival, I.G., August 2016. Conodonts and tabulate corals from the Upper Ordovician Angullong Formation of central New South Wales, Australia. Alcheringa 41, xxx–xxx. ISSN 0311-5518.

The Angullong Formation is the youngest Ordovician unit exposed in the Cliefden Caves area of central New South Wales. Its maximum age is constrained by a Styracograptus uncinatus graptolite Biozone fauna at the very top of the underlying Malongulli Formation, but the few fossils previously reported from higher in the Angullong Formation are either long-ranging or poorly known. From allochthonous limestone clasts in the middle part of the formation, we document a conodont fauna comprising Aphelognathus grandis, A. solidum, Aphelognathus sp., Aphelognathus? sp., Belodina confluens, Drepanoistodus suberectus, Panderodus gracilis, Panderodus sp., Phragmodus undatus, Pseudobelodina inclinata and Pseudobelodina? sp. aff. P. obtusa, which supports correlation with the Aphelognathus grandis Biozone (late Katian) of the North American Midcontinent succession. The species concepts of Aphelognathus and Pseudobelodina are reviewed in detail. Associated corals are exclusively tabulates, dominated by agetolitids, including Agetolites angullongensis sp. nov., Heliolites orientalis, Hemiagetolites breviseptatus, Hemiagetolites sp. cf. H. spinimarginatus, Navoites sp. cf. N. circumflexa, Plasmoporella bacilliforma, P. marginata, Quepora sp. cf. Q. calamus and Sarcinula sp. Affinities of the coral fauna from the Angullong Formation are closer to faunas from northern NSW and northern Queensland than to the locally recognized Fauna III of late Eastonian age in central NSW. We propose a subdivision of Fauna III to account for this difference, with the late Katian Fauna IIIB characterized by the incoming of agetolitid corals. The currently known distribution of representatives of this group with adequate age constraints suggests that agetolitids possibly originated in North China, subsequently migrating to Tarim, South China and adjacent peri-Gondwanan terranes while also spreading eastward to northern Gondwana, where they progressively moved through eastern Australia to reach the central NSW region by the early Bolindian.

Yong Yi Zhen* (yong-yi.zhen@industry.nsw.gov.au) and Ian G. Percival (ian.percival@industry.nsw.gov.au), Geological Survey of New South Wales, W.B. Clarke Geoscience Centre, 947–953 Londonderry Road, Londonderry, NSW 2753, Australia; Guangxu Wang (gxwang@nigpas.ac.cn), State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, 39 East Beijing Road Nanjing 210008 PR China.     

知识不确定性条件下的学科组织结构变革——读沃勒斯坦《知识的不确定性》

现如今,“不确定性”开始成为学术界的一个热门话题。学术界对非确定性表现出浓厚的兴趣,这一方面反映了我们对自身生存状况所做的新的理解和把握,另一方面也反映了我们对知识问题进行了更为深人的反思。美国社会学家、历史学家和政治学家伊曼纽尔&;#183;沃勒斯坦的《知识的不确定性》（山东大学出版社2006年版）一书就属于后一种类型。该书从学科组织结构发展的角度出发,通过对知识活动的哲学前提和知识结构社会背景的深人考察,向我们展现了自然科学、人文学科、社会科学相互间错综复杂的关系,以及学科组织发展的前景。     

杜佑《理道要诀》辑考

唐人杜佑的二百卷《通典》是古代第一部政典类著作,具有极高的文献价值,《理道要诀》十卷则是杜佑为方便阅读摘录《通典》而成的一部纲要性著述.从表面上看来,由于《理道要诀》的内容摘自《通典》,在《通典》原书尚存的情况下,该书似乎没有独立存在的文献价值.也许正是由于这个原因,明代以后,该书即已失传.     

中国历史地理学的发展与成就

中国历史地理学是从传统的沿革地理学发展而来的。本世纪30年代现代科学方法的传入,促使中国学者将传统的沿革地理学向现代科学的历史地理学转变。中国历史地理学真正得到充分的发展是在1949年新中国成立以后的事。
四十年余来,中国历史地理学的进展和成就大体可有下列几个方面:
(1)学科理论的探讨确定历史地理学是现代地理学的一个组成部分,研究对象是历史时期地理环境变化及其规律的学科。其上限应与古地理学衔接,下限与当代地理学挂钩,将整个地理现象变化连贯起来,以便更好地认识和改造现有的环境。
(2)学科基本建设《中国历史地图集》和《中国历史大辞典历史地理分册》是现今研究历史地理各分支最基本的工具。
(3)研究领域的扩大与深入四十余年来,历史自然地理中的气候、水文、植被、灾害、沙漠、海岸各分支都有重要的研究成果出现。近十余年来,人类生存环境变化的研究已成为历史地理学界热门的课题。历史人文地理自80年代以来开始兴旺起来,政区、农业、人口、城市、交通、工矿业、商业以及社会、文化各分支都有明显的进展和成就,估计到下一世纪,历史人文地理学将有更大的发展。
(4)研究方法、手段的革新近三十年来新技术的运用给历史地理学的发展带来极大的推动力。许多过去无法进行的课题,由于新技术的运用而得到解决。     

对《再论郑州商城的年代、性质及相关问题》的商榷

本文对《再论郑州商城的年代、性质及相关问题》中的几个问题进行了商榷,认为郑州商城隞都说是站不住脚的。     

书法与书道、禅宗

在我国渊源流长的历史长河中,产生了许多经典的艺术门类,而书法在这些门类中经过三千多年的洗礼已成为独树一帜的艺术形式。中国历代书法始终伴随着学、诗歌等艺术形式而存在着,无论是上层社会还是平民百姓,书法都成为不可替代的书写工具;而且是化传播的一种手段。有一些特殊的人群从古至今都在追求着一种信仰,他们把对道教佛教的信仰通过书法表达出来,道教佛教因此与书法紧密相联。