河西石窟阙形龛溯源刍议

阙形龛是汉地工匠对佛教艺术进行改造的一次尝试。由于西王母图像和佛教图像长期存在互动关系,是汉代工匠改造佛教艺术的出发点,因此如果追溯其源头,西王母图像成为此文讨论的切入点。通过对汉画中"西王母+双阙"模式和佛教艺术中"补处菩萨+阙形龛"模式的图像与意涵的比较、巴蜀与河西之间的交通以及河西地区天堂观念的考察,此文推断阙形龛的创意应该是来自四川地区汉画中的"西王母+双阙"模式。     

Characterizations of palace lantern tassels preserved in The Palace Museum,Beijing, by UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF

Palace lanterns were important and highly visible decorations in the imperial palace in Beijing, China, during the Qing dynasty (1636–1912). Most lanterns had colourful tassels made of fibres. The study performed a comprehensive investigation of the materials and dyes used for palace lantern tassels preserved in The Palace Museum, Beijing. Eight samples with different colours, including yellow, green and red, from five palace lanterns were analysed. By using ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry, the compositions of the dyes were identified quickly, and thus the dyes' origins were explored. A X-ray fluorescence spectrometer assisted in the detection of whether a mordant was used during the dyeing process. As a result, the tassels were all made of silk, discovered through the use of microscopic observation and micro-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry analysis. Different dyeing techniques were found in these tassels: yellow tassels were dyed by cork tree or turmeric by a direct dyeing method; greens were dyed by pagoda bud with an iron mordant, or by the combination of cork tree and indigo using multi-dyeing method; and red tassels were coloured with different acid red industrial dyes. These results provide valuable data for the conservation of ancient textile tassels and contribute to the investigation of other hanging tags.     

论第二轮县志艺文入志问题

旧志艺文占据比重甚大，社会主义首轮志书艺文内容又过少。第二轮县志如何处理艺文内容入志是一个需认真考虑的问题。本文从新编县级志书艺文部分应包含哪些内容，旧志与首轮县志艺文入志情况的比较，第二轮县志艺文志内容选择分析、写法等方面进行了探讨。     

前嘉靖本时代《三国演义》版本探考

1929年,郑振铎先生提出:嘉靖本是<三国演义>刊行最早的版本,别本都从嘉靖本所出,诸本之间只有表面差异并无原则区分.①此说一出,遂为中国大陆多数治<三国>版本的学者认同.     

Coexistence and Separation of Two Residential Groups—An Interactional Spatial Dynamic Approach

This paper is concerned with the spatial and temporal distribution of residents in an urban area. The residents are classified into two groups, that is, black and white, according to their characteristics. A dynamic model is built to explain how the residents are distributed over time and space. The model consisting of a set of partial differential equations is similar to competition-diffusion equations in biology. We investigate conditions of coexistence and separation of the two groups.     

The social structure reflected in the Yuanjunmiao cemetery

This paper attempts an analysis of the burials of the Yuanjunmiao¹ cemetery in Shansi Province, China, where the author was in charge of archaeological excavation from 1958 to 1959, in terms of the social structure of the inhabitants at that time (Fig. 1).     

Geochemical evidence for the manufacture,logistics and supply‐chain management of Emperor Qin Shihuang's Terracotta Army,China

Non‐invasive materials characterisation of reconstructed statues of Emperor Qin Shihuang's Terracotta Army has revealed distinct micro‐geochemical patterning within the clay paste used in their manufacture. The significance of this is explored in terms of the production sequence, logistics and supply‐chain management involved in the construction of this enormous funerary assemblage. Of particular interest is a compositional distinction between figures marked with the names ‘Gong’ (宫) and ‘Xianyang’ (咸阳). These seem to represent the products of two workshops involved in the supply of ceramic objects for this ambitious, large‐scale building project undertaken by the Qin Empire during the third century bce .     

论西汉南越国时期的高等级墓葬

目 次 一 岭南秦至西汉南越国时期高等级墓葬综述 二 西汉前期东瓯、闽越、长沙国与先秦越国高等级墓葬举要 三 南越国高等级墓葬形制特点与族属探讨 四 余论 岭南在先秦时期主要是南越、骆(雒)越、西瓯等越人族群的势力范围.公元前333年楚败越之后,除了偏居浙东南的东瓯,长江中下游地区多是楚文化的势力范围.而五岭阻隔下的岭南,还处在各有种姓、自有君长的百越时代.体现在考古学文化上的,是以几何印纹陶器和原始瓷器、越式青铜兵器和工具、底铺石子或有腰坑的竖穴土坑墓等为突出特征的传统越人风貌为主,但楚文化因素随着时间的推移已不断逾岭南下,影响着岭南越人的固有传统,如大量楚式青铜器的出现,正是岭北楚文化南下的表现.真正使岭南发生翻天覆地变化的是秦征岭南和汉平南越这两个具有里程碑意义的大事件.公元前214年秦定岭南,置南海、桂林、象三郡,将岭南纳入秦帝国的政治版图.公元前207年秦亡,南海郡尉赵佗趁乱自立为南越武王,定都番禺(今广州),建立南越国.公元前111年汉武帝重新统一岭南,自此不仅使岭南从政权统治上重新归属中央王朝,而且从经济、文化上与长江流域和黄河流域也渐趋统一,成为华夏文明不可分割的一部分.这是中原汉文化裹挟着荆楚文化迅猛南进,并与当地越文化角力、最终融合一统的时期.本文拟从辨析秦至西汉南越国时期高等级墓葬的丧葬习俗和文化内涵上考察这一历程,藉此更深刻地理解秦汉岭南华化的进程.     

Cattle Slaughter Industry in Qing China: State Ban,Muslim Dominance,and the Western Diet

Cattle slaughter and beef consumption are barely mentioned in the literature on Chinese economic, food, or animal history. This is possibly due to the widely held popular and scholarly assumption that beef was avoided and even considered taboo in the daily diet of Chinese people in premodern times. This article investigates the tangible regulation and practice of cattle slaughter in Qing China—the period when the beef taboo was argued to be formally subsumed into Chinese morality. I ask the following questions: To what extent did the Qing state ban cattle slaughter? How was the ban enforced in the localities? Did Chinese people slaughter cattle for consumption? Were there lawful beef markets in Qing China proper? How did increasing beef-eating Western sojourners since the mid-19th century impact this sector? Accordingly, I demonstrate that with the leeway provided by the state, the cattle slaughter industry developed in many regions of China proper, especially large cities. In this sector, Chinese Muslim merchants played a dominant role, even though the Han merchants could outnumber them. Their efforts have prepared the state and Chinese merchants to better cope with new circumstances since the mid-19th century. Broadly, this paper sheds light on how different religious, ethnic, and national groups affected the economy and the practice of law in the Qing dynasty.     

从世界历史的演进解读中共抗战史的发生——由“李顿调查团”档案文献说起

14年抗战,九一八事变是毫无疑义的起点。在这历史的起点,中共是当事各方都没有忽视的重要存在。实际上,当时日本利用一切机会强调中国共产党这一因素在东北问题复杂性中的地位。当国际联盟(League of Nations)派员到东北实地考察时,日方以当地“土匪”有受共产党“策动之虞”,配置装甲车,作为国联专列的“先导”,①以作微妙的提醒。