国家图书馆藏甲骨(已公布部分)著录整理

中国国家图书馆所藏甲骨数量极为丰富,《甲骨文合集》和《甲骨文合集补编》仅收录其中部分藏品的拓片。本文以"中国国家数字图书馆·拓片数据库·甲骨拓片"业已公布的甲骨拓片和彩照为研究对象,进行著录整理。具体包括甲骨残片缀合15组、复原13组,并对742版甲骨做出著录情况的对勘。     

Multiphase flow simulation through porous media with explicitly resolved fractures

Accurate simulation of multiphase flow in fractured porous media remains a challenge. An important problem is the representation of the discontinuous or near discontinuous behaviour of saturation in real geological formations. In the classical continuum approach, a refined mesh is required at the interface between fracture and porous media to capture the steep gradients in saturation and saturation‐dependent transport properties. This dramatically increases the computational load when large numbers of fractures are present in the numerical model. A discontinuous finite element method is reported here to model flow in fractured porous media. The governing multiphase porous media flow equations are solved in the adaptive mesh computational fluid dynamics code IC‐FERST on unstructured meshes. The method is based on a mixed control volume – discontinuous finite element formulation. This is combined with the P_N+1DG‐P_NDG element pair, which has discontinuous (order N+1) representation for velocity and discontinuous (order N) representation for pressure. A number of test cases are used to evaluate the method's ability to model fracture flow. The first is used to verify the performance of the element pair on structured and unstructured meshes of different resolution. Multiphase flow is then modelled in a range of idealised and simple fracture patterns. Solutions with sharp saturation fronts and computational economy in terms of mesh size are illustrated.     

Biomechanics of coaching maximal instep soccer kick for practitioners

Kicking in soccer has been the subject of scientific research for more than 40 years yet review articles summarizing the biomechanical fundamentals of kick optimization as a guide to coaching are scarcely to be found. The current review article aims to bridge the gap between scientific research into the maximal instep kick (including studies employing 3D motion capture and full-body biomechanical modelling) and the application of such research in coaching. It does so by supplying a scientifically founded, coaching-friendly article explaining identifiable characteristics and motor control sequencing that define this skill. Relevant biomechanical factors are identified in a way that should help coaches better develop training programmes and, at the same time, foster better understanding of the skill among athletes. Such information will contribute to both accelerated skill acquisition and, by concomitant gains in skill efficiency, the development of programmes that minimize risk of injury to athletes during training.     

清乾隆中后期罚扣大员养廉银与其行政处分之关系探析

自古为官皆有禄,禄的内涵随着时代的发展而有所变化.在清代,从雍正朝开始,外官不仅领有俸禄,还有丰厚的养廉银.迨及乾隆中后期,由于政治、经济、军事等多方因素的综合作用,在治政中频繁出现了罚扣督、抚、藩、臬等地方大员养廉银的情况,这形成了乾隆朝官僚政治的一大特点.从乾隆罚扣地方大员养廉银的缘由、目的及具体运作来分析,这项措施与地方大员所受的行政处分有密切关系.即在运作中,出现了以罚扣大员养廉银代替其所受行政处分的情况,而且这种代替经历了开始、发展、减弱、制度化等过程,最后以法的形式在乾隆后期确立下来.本文对此做一粗浅分析,试图揭示乾隆时期处分制度的再调节与多样化.     

日本近现代文学研究的几个问题

本文结合我国日本文学研究实际,认为应该克服一些"自明"之见,与时俱进,提高这一领域研究水平,这对促进中日文化交流,加深两国人民的互相理解很有现实意义.构建和谐世界,中日关系是至关重要的.     

焦竑的学术特点与史学成就

焦竑字弱侯,号澹园,又号漪园,谥文端、文宪,江宁(今南京)人,是晚明最负盛名的学者之一,尤其精于史学.明代史学风气至嘉、万时期丕变,由空疏转向谨严.其中功绩,王世贞之外,则首推焦竑.在焦竑传世的三十余种著作中,史学著作计有《献征录》120卷、《熙朝名臣实录》27卷、《逊国忠节录》4卷、《国史经籍志》6卷、《玉堂丛语》8卷、《皇明人物考》6卷、《京学志》8卷、《词林历官表》3卷等,此外尚有汇录大量考史笔记的《焦氏笔乘》6卷和《续笔乘》8卷等,是明代整个学术发展中非常有影响的人物①.     

试论塞瑟尔的"新君主制"学说

在文艺复兴时期的西欧,法国的宫廷大臣、著名的政治思想家克劳德·得·塞瑟尔根据现实社会的变动,提出了系统的"新君主制"学说.在肯定君主制的价值时,他鼓吹"王权神授",但却着重于从人性的角度来强调君主制的优越性.在对"明君政治"的憧憬中,他界定了一些君主应当遵循的政治行为规范,特别强调君主实施仁政,建立各等级之间的"和谐"秩序,并提出了等级变动的合理性.同时,塞瑟尔主张君主让各等级代表参政议政,建立"君主咨政会议制".他还提出"有限君权"的主张,力图以教会、"正义"与国家法令来遏止君主的暴政.此外,他还要求君主灵活地进行外交,积极进行殖民扩张.塞氏的政治学说充满着"过渡时期"社会所赋予的复杂性与矛盾性,但受时代变迁的感召与人文主义的熏陶,他突破传统的藩篱,提出了适应民族国家发展与新兴资产阶级成长之需要的"新君主制"学说.他的政治理想,反映了西方政治思想从中世纪向近代转型的历史趋势.     

赤水河疏浚与川盐(仁岸)入黔

张广泗上疏朝廷,于乾隆十年十一月至十一年闰三月,首浚赤水河,疏通68处险滩,使川盐由四川合江经赤水河到仁岸茅台村,运输路程大大缩短,盐价渐平,对黔人"斗米斤盐"之负担有所减轻,经济效益十分明显.文中还对赤水河源流及遵义知府陈玉(殿)是否参与赤水河疏浚、吴登举之死等问题,均有论述与考辨.     

Craftsman Danda in Tsona Alley简

<正>In the Barkor Street,there are still many traditional Tibetan craftsmen.They have consummate skills.Danda,a native,is the boss of such a craft shop.He deals ...     

地方志与城市化推进中的文化记忆抢救工程

在今后相当长的一个时期,地方志工作需要致力于“文化记忆抢救工程”这样一个领域,这个工作是各地建设文化大省的重要内容。在我国城市化高潮来临的情况下,建设与保护是一对共生的矛盾,“文化记忆抢救工程”的急迫性在某种程度上就是要与社会经济发展抢速度。