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Leo Catana 《History of European Ideas》2016,42(2):170-177
SummaryIn a series of articles from the 1980s and 1990s, Michael Frede analysed the history of histories of philosophy written over the last three hundred years. According to Frede, modern scholars have degenerated into what he calls a ‘doxographical’ mode of writing the history of philosophy. Instead, he argued, these scholars should write what he called ‘philosophical’ history of philosophy, first established in the last decades of the seventeenth century but since abandoned. In the present article it is argued that Frede's reconstruction of the history of histories of philosophy is historically problematic. 相似文献
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Exploring the Frontier of Livelihoods Research 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article discusses the value of livelihoods studies and examines the obstacles which have prevented it from making a greater contribution to understanding the lives of poor people over the past decade. After examining the roots of the livelihoods approach, two major challenges are explored: the conceptualization of the problem of access, and how to achieve a better understanding of the mutual link between livelihood opportunities and decision‐making. The article concludes that access to livelihood opportunities is governed by social relations, institutions and organizations, and that power is an important (and sometimes overlooked) explanatory variable. In discussing the issue of access to livelihood opportunities, the authors note the occurrence of both strategic and unintentional behaviour and the importance of structural factors; they discuss concepts of styles and pathways, which try to cater for structural components and regularities; and they propose livelihood trajectories as an appropriate methodology for examining these issues. In this way, the article also sets the agenda for future livelihoods research. 相似文献
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Leo Aoi Hosoya 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2011,3(1):7-17
Recent archaeobotanical studies in East Asia show that the use of wild food plants, particularly nuts, was important for not
only hunter–gatherers but also early farmers. For example, recent archaeobotanical work has identified large quantities of
nut remains from early Chinese rice farming sites dating 5,000–4,500 BC. In Japan, which introduced rice farming from China
around 1,000–500 BC, archaeobotanical data have shown continued exploitation of nuts even after the introduction of rice farming.
Therefore, the first appearance of farming does not appear to have immediately impacted the subsistence system, although it
may have changed cultural perceptions of food plants, eventually rice replacing nuts as a staple food. To explain the cultural
implications of this shift in emphasis, it is necessary to investigate people’s routine subsistence activities with reference
to available ethnographic information on non-mechanised plant processing. The ethnographic data provide insights into ancient
nut processing, including possible methods, tools, choices of working locations and labour scales. Conceptual modelling based
on ethnographic observations of the range of nut-processing practices will also aid interpretations from newly developed methods,
such as starch residue analyses. The resulting archaeobotanical, archaeological and ethnographic picture may help to further
explore past social organisation and social perceptions of plant foods. 相似文献
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Leo Zonn 《Social & Cultural Geography》2013,14(7):857-859
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Abstract This paper surveys the career of Benedetto Bordon as a miniaturist, designer of woodcuts, and cartographer. Although from Padua, Bordon worked primarily in Venice where he illuminated religious and classical texts and official ducal documents destined for Venetian noblemen. The writer argues that Bordon designed woodcut illustrations for books printed by Aldus Manutius and others, in addition to the woodcut maps in his 1528 book on islands in the MediteiTanean, Atlantic, and Caribbean. Bordon's lost world map of 1508 is discussed in relation to the map‐making activities of Francesco Rosselli, the Florentine miniaturist and engraver who was in Venice in 1504 and 1508, and in relation to a circle of Venetian scholars and patricians interested in Ptolemy's Cosmographia and in the mapping of the New World. 相似文献