BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviews in This Article: Al-Quran Rendered into English. By Syed Abdul Latif. The Message of the Qur'an Presented in Perspective. By Hashim Amir-Ali. Ibn Kammn?a's Examination of the Three Faiths: A Thirteenth-Century Essay in the Comparative Study of Religion. Translated from the Arabic, with an Introduction and Notes, by Moshe Perlman. Arab Civilization to A.D. 1500. By D. M. Dunlop. The Baha'i Faith: Its History and Teachings. By William McElwee Miller. Jeunesse, Famille et Développement: Essai sur le changement socio-culturel dans un pays du Tiers Monde (Tunisie). By Carmel Camilleri. Jabal al-Akhdar, Cyrenaica: An Historical Geography of Settlement and Livelihood. By Douglas L. Johnson. Is Western Civilization Universal? By Maryam Jameelah. Syria under the Ba'th, 1963-1966: The Army-Party Symbiosis. By Itamar Rabinovich. Politics and Change in Al-Karak, Jordan. By Peter Gubser. Man, State, and Society in the Contemporary Middle East. Edited by Jacob M. Landau.     

Impacts of Pleistocene glacial loading on abnormal pore‐water pressure in the eastern Michigan Basin

The hydromechanical effects of Pleistocene glacial loading on the Michigan Basin are assessed using numerical analysis based on coupled stress and pore‐water pressure. The two‐dimensional model domain included the Basin cross section and extended 10 km into the Precambrian. In the analysis, we considered the effects of the number of glacial loading cycles, the presence and connectedness of a deep Cambrian aquifer, the direction of glacial advance, the effect of a wet versus dry glacier/soil interface, topographic effects, density‐driven flow effects, and lithosphere flexure on the development of anomalous pressures. The modeling results were compared with data collected from highly instrumented wells completed in the eastern margin of the Basin. The present‐day results define regions of significant underpressure in the upper Ordovician and lower Silurian formations characterized by very low hydraulic conductivity and regions of overpressure where hydraulic conductivity is higher. To achieve the degree of underpressure observed in the instrumented wells using the model, a specific loading cycle applied over 100 000 years was repeated four times. As the number of loading cycles increased, the Paleozoic formations reached a state where the underpressures remain constant. Our results also illustrate the difference in poroelastic modeling between the application of mechanical loads on the land surface and the application of an equivalent hydraulic head, where the latter developed overpressures rather than the observed underpressures. The modeling also shows that the overpressures observed in the Cambrian formations are most likely to be the result of density‐driven flow. Finally, the simulations show that the effects of lithosphere flexure in the hydromechanical models results in the development of lateral stresses that generate overpressures rather than underpressures in the southern half of the domain. As there are no suitable observation points, these results remain unconfirmed, and further study is warranted.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviews in This Article:
Scholars, Sufis and Saints: Muslim Religious Institutions Since 1500. Edited by Nikki R. Keddie.
Sayyid Jam ad-D"al-Afghānī": A Political Biography. By Nikki R. Keddie.
Kit lkhtil Us-Madhib of Qzāī Nuā b. Muāmmad. Edited with a critical introduction by S.T. Lokhand walla.
Islam in Uganda :Islamisation Through a Centralised State in Pre-Colonial Africa. By Arye Oded.
The Politics of Palestinian Nationalism. By William B. Quandt, Fuad Jaber, Ann Mosely Lesch.
Arab Politics in the Soviet Mirror. By Aryeh Yodfat.