建国初期的冀朝鼎

新中国诞生后,百废待兴。冀朝鼎在帝国主义实施禁运和经济封锁的困难面前,积极探索中国外经贸的新体制,加强外汇管理,以灵活的外交,与11个国家签定了外贸协定,还成功地与日本、英国等未建交国家进行“民间贸易”．打破西方列强的孤立政策．开创了中国对外交往与贸易的新局面。     

The historical roots of differing rural gender orders in Norway and Sweden

Offering a systematic comparison of the history of the differing rural gender orders that have developed in Norway and Sweden since 1750, this article considers the complex interconnections between gender and capitalist relations. It begins by highlighting the contrasts between these two Scandinavian countries’ settlement patterns, agricultural structures and rural gender orders, in spite of the similarities in their environments, social-democratic policies and commitments to gender equality. Within a theoretical framework focused on the persistence of simple commodity production by farming families within capitalist economies, it considers the gender division of labour, commodity systems, and laws of succession and inheritance as they bear upon the positions of farm women in Norway and Sweden. Tracing the development of stratification in the countryside and the history of farmers’ political activism at the national level illuminates the salient differences between these two countries’ histories from the early 19th through the late 20th centuries. This comparison demonstrates that gender as well as the mobilization of rural citizens shaped the transition to capitalism and that, in turn, agricultural and settlement policies reshaped rural gender relations.     

Women's policy networks and the Infanticide Act 1922

This article examines the reason for the passage of the 1922 Infanticide Act, arguing that it owes much to the influence and work of women's policy networks. Historians have disagreed as to why the Act was passed with relative suddenness in the early 1920s, at a time when infanticide was generally considered a much less pressing social issue than it had been in Victorian England. Moreover, several Bills brought between 1908 and 1913 proposing that the law on this subject be amended so that women who killed their newborns no longer faced the death penalty had all failed. Importantly, the roles of juror and lay magistrate had become open to women in 1920, following the passage of the Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act 1919. The public interest generated by a case of newborn murder tried at the Leicester Assizes in 1921 (particularly amongst women's organizations, including the suffragette group the Women's Freedom League) led several leading women with political connections to push for a change in the law. Without the pressure these women could bring to bear on civil servants and politicians, attempts to bring in new legislation on infanticide would have been postponed well into the twentieth century.     

Ruwayda: an historic urban settlement in north Qatar

SUMMARY: Ruwayda was first identified as an archaeological site in the 1970s and was excavated between 2009 and 2014. Despite a paucity of documentary evidence, this large settlement, which extends over an area of more than 90 hectares, contains a number of features indicative of an urban settlement including two mosques, a series of warehouses, a large multi-period fort, large courtyard houses interspersed with smaller, less substantial structures and a number of cemeteries. In addition to these buildings, there is also evidence for associated field systems and a walled garden.     

An Unpublished Scottish Lullaby

DEUTSCHE VOLKSSAGEN. Herausgegeben von Leander Petzoldt, Munich. 1970. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung. Pp. 491, with 20 woodcuts and 5 maps. DM 24. Reviewed by Ruth Michaelis-Jena.

THRICE TOLD TALES. Folktales from Three Continents. Edited by KENNETH S. GOLDSTEIN AND DAN BEN AMOS. Privately Published by the Hammermill Paper Company, Lock Haven, Pennsylvania. 1970. Reviewed by K. M. Briggs.

JUMP ROPE GAMES. By ROGER D. ABRAHAMS. Published for the American Folklore Society. University of Texas Press. 1970. £3.10. Reviewed by F. Mary Wilson.

SVANGERSKAP OG FØDSEL I NYERE NORSK TRADISJON. By LILY WEISERAALL, Oslo, Norsk Folkemuseum, 1968. Pp. xiv, 303, 1 plate &; 2 text ills. Reviewed by Ellen Ettlinger.

FORSCHUNGEN ZUR FACHPROSA. AUGSEWÄHLTE BEITRÄGE. By GERHARD EIS. Bern (Francke Verlag) 1971. Pp. 438,6 plates &; 7 text ills. Reviewed by Ellen Ettlinger.

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF ORAL TRADITION. Edited by PIERRE MARANDA AND KÖNGÄS MARANDA. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, 1971. $20.00. pp.324. Reviewed by E. O. James.     

Book reviews

Atif A. Kubursi. Oil, Industrialization and ‘Development in the Arab Gulf States. London: Croom Helm, 1984. 144 pp. No price given.

Giacomo Luciani. The Oil Companies and the Arab World. London: Croom Helm, 1984. 197 pp. $31.95.

Freda Hawkins. Critical Years in Immigration: Canada and Australia Compared. Kingston and Montreal: McGill‐Queen's University Press, 1989. xx + 368 pp. $Can 35.00.

Keith Suter. Is There Life After ANZUS? Sydney: Pluto Press, 1987. v + 91 pp. $9.95. Peter Jennings. The Armed Forces of New Zealand and the ANZUS Split: Cost and Consequences. New Zealand Institute of International Affairs, Occasional Paper No. 4, 1988. xi + 108 pp. $12.00.

Alan Powell. The Shadow's Edge: Australia's Northern War. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 1988. 346 pp. $24.95.

John Kenneth Galbraith. A History of Economics: The Past as the Present. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1987. xi + 324 pp. $39.95.

John Turner (ed.) Britain and the First World War. Unwin Hyman, 1988. No price given.

Neil Elder, Alastair H. Thomas and David Arter. The Consensual Democracies? The Government and Politics of the Scandinavian States. Revised edition. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988. xii + 248 pp. $34.95.

Seong‐Kyu Ha (ed.) Housing Policy and Practice in Asia. London: Croom Helm, 1987. 197 pp. $87.95.

J.D. Conroy. Shelter for the Homeless — Asian Pacific Needs and Australian Responses. Canberra: Australian Council for Overseas Aid, 1987. vi + 141 pp. $5.95.

Diane K. Mauzy (ed.) Politics in the ASEAN States. Kuala Lumpur: Maricans, no date. 343 pp. No price given.

Richard Robison, Kevin Hewison & Richard Higgott (eds.) Southeast Asia in the 1980s: Tie Politics of Economic Crisis. Sydney, London, Boston: Allen & Unwin, 1987. viii + 244 pp. No price given.

Noordin Sopiee, Chew Lay See, Lim Siang Jin (eds.) ASEAN at the Crossroads: Obstacles, Options and Opportunities in Economic Co‐operation. Kuala Lumpur: Institute of Strategic and International Studies Malaysia, 1988. viii + 577 pp. No price given.

Desmond Ball (ed.) US Bases in the Philippines: Issues and Implications. Canberra: Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University, 1988. 90 pp. $10.00.

Niall O'Brien. Revolution from the Heart. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987. x + 310 pp. $AUS48.00.

Wilfred Fabros. The Church and its Social Involvement in the Philippines, 1930–1972. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988. 202 pp. $US8.00 P/Back, $US11.00 Cloth.

Cecil B. Currey. Edward Lansdale: The Unquiet American. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1988. xviii + 430pp. $US24.95.

Ansil Ramsay and Wiwat Mungkandi (eds.) Thailand‐US Relations: Changing Political, Strategic, and Economic Factors. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, 1988. vi + 335 pp. $US20.00.

R. Cribb. The Politics of Environmental Protection in Indonesia. Working Paper No. 48, Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Monash University, 1988. 36 pp. $5.00

George Monbiot. Poisoned Arrows. An Investigative Journey through Indonesia. London: Michael Joseph, 1989, 249 pp. $35.00.

Toshio Toyoda (ed.) Vocational Education in the Industrialization of Japan. Tokyo: The United Nations University. Production by University of Tokyo Press, 1987. xii + 267 pp. No price given.

Noor A. Husain and Leo E. Rose (eds.) Pakistan‐US Relations: Social, Political and Economic Factors. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, 1988. viii + 326 pp. $US20.00.

V.D. Chopra (ed.) Afghanistan: Geneva Accord and After. New Delhi: Patriot Publishers, 1988. 253 pp. Rs30.

C.D. Throsby (ed.) Human Resources Development in the Pacific. Canberra: National Centre for Development Studies, 1987. x + 248 pp. No price given.