国内旅游研究方法的方向：从理念阐释到理论实证

旅游能否成为一门独立学科，关键取决于能否形成一套完善的学科基础理论和方法论。本文分析了中外旅游研究方法的进展情况，对理论实证方法的优越性进行了阐释，将其在国内外旅游研究中不同应用程度作以比较，进而总结出国内旅游研究方法的方向。     

Geochemical evidence for the manufacture,logistics and supply‐chain management of Emperor Qin Shihuang's Terracotta Army,China

Non‐invasive materials characterisation of reconstructed statues of Emperor Qin Shihuang's Terracotta Army has revealed distinct micro‐geochemical patterning within the clay paste used in their manufacture. The significance of this is explored in terms of the production sequence, logistics and supply‐chain management involved in the construction of this enormous funerary assemblage. Of particular interest is a compositional distinction between figures marked with the names ‘Gong’ (宫) and ‘Xianyang’ (咸阳). These seem to represent the products of two workshops involved in the supply of ceramic objects for this ambitious, large‐scale building project undertaken by the Qin Empire during the third century bce .     

自然与城市历史的缠绕--草海之城堪萨斯城的变迁

堪萨斯城崛起于密苏里河与堪萨斯河的交汇处,是一个依赖大平原的农牧业所建立的美国中西部都市。铁路助力资本打破了自然的种种限制,令大平原转化为堪萨斯城的腹地。虽然征服自然以实现城市经济的永续增长,一直是堪萨斯城,乃至整个资本主义制度与经济文化的野心,但是成为腹地并不意味着自然完全受到资本与技术力量的操纵,更不意味着自然的消失。作为一种自发的、独立的力量,自然以其丰饶奠定城市发展的基础,也以其极限挑战着城市发展的野心和规划。在堪萨斯城的故事中,1930年代的尘暴与1951年的洪水以灾难的形式迫使这个城市去适应新的生态现实。     

“窜三苗于三危”的考古学研究

本文依据考古学的发现和研究,重新探讨古史传说中的“窜三苗于三危”。为这一传说提供了一种考古学依据。     

The impacts of parental migration on children’s subjective well-being in rural china: a double-edged sword

ABSTRACT

The emerging problem of left-behind children has attracted mounting academic and policy attention. Prior studies primarily cast light on left-behind children’s education, health, and behavior, while their subjective well-being is much less understood yet. Based on a nationally representative sample of rural children aged 10–15 in 2014, we examine the impacts of different types of parental migration on children’s subjective well-being and how these affects vary between boys and girls. The results show that parental migration is a double-edged sword: children from both-parent migrant families report compromised life satisfaction and relationship quality compared with those in integral families, and mother-only migration significantly lowers children’s subjective health. On the flip side, father-only migration enhances children’s aspiration for attaining college, an encouraging effect that is even stronger than that of parental education and family income. These effects are heterogeneous by children’s gender: boys seem to be more susceptible to the disruptive effects of both-parent migration; mother-only migration effectively promotes girls’ educational aspiration while father-only migration promotes boys’. This study portrays a comprehensive image of left-behind children. Relaxation of hukou restriction, equal access to education, and revitalization of rural economies are imperative to improve the well-being of left-behind children.

Abbreviations: LBC: Left-behing children; SWB: subjective well-being     

《里耶秦简》(壹)所见作徒管理问题探讨

秦代编制作徒簿的机构有授予方的司空和仓,但二者分工不同;接收方包括库、田官、畜官、少内、属乡等。作徒簿分为临时付受与月度统计两种。秦代各级地方机构对刑徒管理的分工为:郡提出指导原则,县掌握本县刑徒的数据,县属机构负责具体管理。在当时人的观念中,徒隶是一个阶层的泛称,但在司法行政文书中则有特定的内涵,司寇不包括在内。     

珍珠港事变前夜的中美交涉

美国长期大量向日本出售钢铁、石油等战略物资,助长其侵华实力。1939年7月,蒋介石致电罗斯福,建议美国采取办法,削弱日本的战斗力与经济力。同月,美国政府宣布废止美日商约,对日实行经济制裁。1941年4月,日本向美国提出《日美谅解案》,企图通过谈判,减轻美国对日本的经济压力。罗斯福为避免美国过早陷入大西洋和太平洋同时两面作战的不利局面,提出退让、妥协方案,企图在一定时间内放松对日本的经济封锁。蒋介石坚决反对美国政府改变对日政策,愤而以"国际信义"与"人类道德"相责,胡适、宋子文也积极与美方交涉,最终,美国对日政策由有限度的妥协恢复为全面强硬,美日谈判破裂。日本指责美国已彻头彻尾地成为蒋介石的代言人,于12月初突袭珍珠港等地,太平洋战争爆发。     

考古工作与考古遗址博物馆展示传播的关系

考古工作为考古遗址博物馆提供藏品、展品和丰富的考古信息,而考古遗址博物馆是进行考古宣传与教育的重要阵地。在考古遗址博物馆中,为了更好地展示并传播考古信息,考古人应改变以往的工作方式,树立展示传播的意识,不是"窄播"意识,而是"广播"意识,并非只考虑将考古成果"窄播"给考古圈内的学者,也要"广播"给博物馆展览策划师、广大公众;而且考古人应该从田野考古、发掘报告、科学研究三个方面为考古遗址博物馆提供强有力的支撑。     

缪荃孙集外题跋辑考

缪荃孙是晚清民初著名的文献学家,藏书十分丰富,经眼书极多.他所撰藏书题跋,历来为学界珍重.此缪氏所撰题跋二十二通,皆辑自原书,其文集、藏书记没有收录,也未见他人徵引,系自来未刊之稿,颇见缪氏学识,也可为治版本目录学者提供借鉴.