Le « modèle germanique » Français

The concept from Germany permits us to reveal, in keeping with a “misological” approach, the amplitude of the disagreements which presided over the definition of the concept of State in France. From the latter we approach diverse usages which illustrate models of State. The “germanic model” thus operates in a debate which is the crucible of modern political knowledge, with its paradoxes: those with reference to external soveignty to interstate order, to confederation. The article then exposes the relation between the theories of public law and the “continuity of assemblies”; in a certain manner, the foudation of political order. In fine, public law appears as the transfert of temporal power to the institution, to the collectivity, and its weakening as the reason of being of statism.     

How Do Pre-existing R&D Activities in a Region Influence the Performance of Cluster Initiatives? The Case of French Competitiveness Clusters

This article explores the diversity of 66 French competitiveness clusters, which were all accredited in 2005 according to the same specifications, by characterizing the initial context in which they emerged and taking a close look at the link between this initial context and their current performance. Since French competitiveness cluster policy is based on state co-funding of R&D projects, we establish a typology based on a multiple component analysis and a hierarchical ascending classification of the R&D potential of the cluster's territory, the respective R&D efforts of companies and academic laboratories, the kinds of actors setting up the cluster and their pre-existing relationships. We then measure the differences among the five classes relating to their clusters' capacity to obtain state funding for their projects. Our results show that initial context can partially explain competitiveness clusters' performance. Competitiveness clusters in territories possessing significant R&D resources, and involving large companies capable of organizing projects, are the most efficient in obtaining state funding. In contrast, competitiveness clusters without prior cooperation experience perform poorly.     

东亚大城市的大饭店历史沿革、现代发展及其城市功能

本文叙述了东亚大城市中的大饭店的历史沿革和现代化发展过程,着重分析了大饭店在城市中的表现形态和功能特色,并进一步探讨现代大饭店与城市现代化发展的相互适应和相互促进的紧密关系。文章着重介绍中国大陆的大饭店,并同日本,南韩的大饭店进行了对比研究。