Book reviews

Mysticism and Dissent, Socioreligious Thought in Qajar Iran. By Mangol Bayat. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1982. xvii + 228 pp.

Roots of Revolution. By Nikki Keddie. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981. xii + 321 pp.

Islamic Values and Worldview: Khomeini on Man, the State and International Politics. By Farhang Rajaee. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1983. 148 pp. + notes.     

Sociolinguistics: New strategies for the study of communication

John J. Gumperz and Dell Hymes, eds. Directions in Sociolinguistics: The Ethnography of Communication. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1972. x + 598 pp. Maps, tables, appendixes, index, and bibliography. $11.00.     

X光照相技术在文物及考古学研究中的应用

X光照相方法的无损特性,就决定了这一技术适合被用于研究物这一特殊对象。本通过具体实例介绍了X光照相技术在物及考古学研究中的应用：可以反映不同材质物的保存状况,揭示被锈蚀物覆盖的铭及纹饰,显示古代器物的工艺痕迹,有助于考古出土物线图的绘制等。     

The status of religion in emergent political regimes: lessons from Turkey and Israel

Why do some newly formed regimes incorporate religion in various dimensions of public affairs, while others relegate religious actors and content to the private sphere? This article offers an explanatory model with four key components that together determine the status of religion in newborn political regimes: (1) the pervasiveness of religion in the old order; (2) the overlap among different ingredients of national‐identity; (3) the constraints of demographic realities; and (4) the period before and during the formation of the new regime as critical juncture. The model is applied and tested in the cases of Israel and Turkey, which in many respects represent opposite trends – accommodation and marginalization, respectively – that produced broad and long‐term consequences for their respective political regimes.