乡村社区旅游生计代际传承的过程及影响因素——以栾川县重渡村为例

在乡村振兴背景下,旅游生计成为乡村可持续发展的重要议题,但与之相关的研究较为匮乏。文章以栾川县重渡村为案例地,通过对亲代和子代进行半结构化访谈,探讨旅游生计代际传承的过程及其主要影响因素。研究发现：(1)旅游生计的代际传承经历了亲代生计开拓、子代培养和发展、共同经营、生计传承四个阶段,并与重渡村这一乡村旅游目的地起步、培育、快速发展、规范管理的生命周期相适应。(2)文化因素、主体因素和规制压力是影响生计传承的主要原因。(3)旅游生计的代际传承关乎乡村旅游的可持续发展和乡村振兴战略的有效实施,相关问题值得进一步探索和研究。     

The impacts of parental migration on children’s subjective well-being in rural china: a double-edged sword

ABSTRACT

The emerging problem of left-behind children has attracted mounting academic and policy attention. Prior studies primarily cast light on left-behind children’s education, health, and behavior, while their subjective well-being is much less understood yet. Based on a nationally representative sample of rural children aged 10–15 in 2014, we examine the impacts of different types of parental migration on children’s subjective well-being and how these affects vary between boys and girls. The results show that parental migration is a double-edged sword: children from both-parent migrant families report compromised life satisfaction and relationship quality compared with those in integral families, and mother-only migration significantly lowers children’s subjective health. On the flip side, father-only migration enhances children’s aspiration for attaining college, an encouraging effect that is even stronger than that of parental education and family income. These effects are heterogeneous by children’s gender: boys seem to be more susceptible to the disruptive effects of both-parent migration; mother-only migration effectively promotes girls’ educational aspiration while father-only migration promotes boys’. This study portrays a comprehensive image of left-behind children. Relaxation of hukou restriction, equal access to education, and revitalization of rural economies are imperative to improve the well-being of left-behind children.

Abbreviations: LBC: Left-behing children; SWB: subjective well-being     

DEM Algorithm for Progressive Collapse Simulation of Single-Layer Reticulated Domes under Multi-Support Excitation

In this paper, the Member Discrete Element Method (MDEM) is modified and perfected for three aspects: the algorithm itself, loading and computational efficiency, and to accurately and quantitatively simulate the progressive collapse for large-span spatial steel structures. In addition, the corresponding computational programs are compiled. First, from the perspective of the method, a meshing principle for discrete element models is determined, a treatment for material nonlinearity and strain rate effect is proposed, and a damping model is established. Next, the Displacement Method is introduced to determine the multi-support excitation for the MDEM, and then motion equations of particles under multi-support excitation are derived. On this basis, the specific process of gravitational field loading is presented. Furthermore, parallel implementation strategies for the MDEM based on OpenMP are constructed. Finally, the collapse simulation of a 1/3.5-scaled single-layer reticulated dome shaking table test model under multi-support excitation is carried out. The comparison demonstrates that the ultimate load and failure mode as well as the complete collapse time of the numerical results are consistent with the experimentally measured responses, and the configuration variations from member buckling and local depression until collapse failure are fully captured. Moreover, the displacement time-history curves obtained using MDEM are almost identical to the experimental measurements, and there is a nuance only in the amplitude. It is verified that MDEM is capable of precisely addressing the collapse failure for large-span spatial steel structures. Additionally, the failure mechanism for structures of this type is naturally revealed.     

论碧霞元君信仰的起源

泰山碧霞元君是中国历史上影响最大的女神之一,尤其是明清以来,她在民间的影响已经大大超过了泰山主神东岳大帝,以至于当时的文人士子对碧霞元君势力     

道教性命双修的文化精神特质与汉代养生画像石刻

养生汉画像石是汉文化的重要组成部分,体达着“下根”之人对于道教义理的认识和选择。以往相关研究多流于图像内容的阐释,着力点在于将该类画像还原成文献,缺乏对图像形式背后所隐藏观念意味的关注,未曾从道教房中养生思想对汉画观念浸润的层面作深入考察。房中养生画像石刻是对特定历史时期道教养生观念的诠释和图解,它的出现,与汉代特殊的人文环境有着密切的联系。     

略论抗日战争时期的澳门

澳门的命运始终与祖国休戚相关,抗日战争时期澳门虽未被日军占领,但也同样历经了日本掠夺的苦难,同时在抗战中起到了积极的作用。澳门战略地位之重要与香港一样,世人皆知。它是中国通往世界的南大门,也是东西方各国和东南亚各国的交通要道。由于澳门一直未被日军占领,它在中国的抗日战争期间曾发挥过积极和有力的作用。第一,澳门民众积极声援和直接参加抗击日本侵略者的斗争。早在“九一八”事变后,澳门同胞就以“救灾”的名义投入神圣的抗日救国运动。后来在抗日战场上血洒长空的林耀等即是在此时返回内地,进入航空学校的。澳门同…     

从千手观音造像修复看传统工艺与现代科技的结合与运用

建自南宋的重庆大足石刻千手观音造像是宝贵的不可移动文物,具有非凡的历史、文化、宗教等价值,已被列入"世界文化遗产",因长期的气候、地质侵害,已有严重损毁,亟待修复.中国文化遗产保护研究院牵头组成的修复工程组在实施过程中采取了修复与研究相结合的方式,配合使用传统与现代工艺,注重材料的安全性与可逆性.工程结合传统与现代的工作方法,对石刻髹漆贴金造像修复办法的研究、文物保存环境研究等多个方面显示了一定的先进性.此次工程成果可以为以后我国文物修复理念和技术的发展提供一定的参考,促进形成更加科学、先进的文物保护办法.     

新疆山普拉墓地出土金线结构形貌与材质特征研究

山普拉墓地出土的珍贵纺织品与新疆其他古墓葬群出土的纺织品一样,是研究世界古代纺织史、丝绸之路物质文化交流的重要标本,承载着人类社会发展极其重要的历史、文化、科技价值。为研究古代纺织品的用金技术,以新疆和田洛浦县山普拉墓地出土金线为研究对象,借助光学显微镜和扫描电镜对金线的形貌进行显微观察,以揭示金线及其芯线的结构特征,获取了金线相关几何尺寸等信息。同时结合能谱仪分析,对金线的成分进行检测,获得了金线合金中各元素的比例。本研究结果可为中国古代纺织品的用金技术研究提供科学依据,并且期冀通过今后逐步积累的大量金线分析数据能够揭示出中国较早时期纺织品用金技术的起源及其发展脉络。     

中日建筑民俗比较研究

日本的建筑,包括城池、庙宇和民居,都深受中国的影响,京都、奈良就是按古长安的模式建造的,连平城京宫的12道门,均取长安城门之名命之;特别是建筑风俗的理念,基本上是中国风水理论的演绎,五行四象布局被普遍认同。日本明治维新以后,由于工业社会的影响和西方文化的冲击,人们在接受中国传统思想的同时,又企图以现代科学的方法加以实证,使这些传统变得更加理性和严谨。而中国的建筑民俗,一方面由于统治思想的打压,被视为“封建迷信”,潜流于乡间和底层社会;另一方面主流社会为适应政治经济和观光旅游的需要,变换形式加以炒作,使其功利目的更为彰显,双方都在按各自的套路发展。     

封开，岭南文化的发祥地

本想在封开只做短暂的停留,看看杨池古村就走,到了封开,竟就由不得想赖在那儿。 一个偏远山区的小城,文化根底异乎寻常的厚,岭南文化的发祥地,陆、海丝绸之路的连接点,“北 风”、“海浪”会冲地,北回归线上奇异的国家地质公园,哪一项都让人牵肠挂肚。在张九龄开通梅岭 古道以前,这里因水路交通的便捷在唐以前兴蛊了一千多年。