Derivation of New Equations for Prediction of Principal Ground-Motion Parameters using M5′ Algorithm

In this study, M5′ model tree is used to develop a model for prediction of peak time-domain strong ground motion parameters. The main advantages of model trees are that can be easily developed and their formulas are simple and understandable. Selected data from Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) are used to train the proposed model. Earthquake magnitude, earthquake source to site distance, average shear-wave velocity, and faulting mechanisms are used as input parameters. The developed M5′ based formulas are compared with those of well-known empirical and soft computing based models. The accuracy of the model is evaluated by statistical error parameters.     

Iran’s Socio-economic Drought: Challenges of a Water-Bankrupt Nation

Iran is currently experiencing serious water problems. Frequent droughts coupled with over-abstraction of surface and groundwater through a large network of hydraulic infrastructure and deep wells have escalated the nation’s water situation to a critical level. This is evidenced by drying lakes, rivers and wetlands, declining groundwater levels, land subsidence, water quality degradation, soil erosion, desertification and more frequent dust storms. This paper overviews the major drivers of Iran’s water problems. It is argued that while climatic changes and economic sanctions are commonly blamed as the main drivers of water problems, Iran is mainly suffering from a socio-economic drought—i.e. “water bankruptcy,” where water demand exceeds the natural water supply. In theory, this problem can be resolved by re-establishing the balance between water supply and demand through developing additional sources of water supply and implementing aggressive water demand reduction plans. Nevertheless, the current structure of the water governance system in Iran and the absence of a comprehensive understanding of the root causes of the problem leave minimal hope of developing sustainable solutions to Iran’s unprecedented water problems.     

Whatever Happened to The Little Black Fish?

This essay uses retranslation studies to trace the defanging and domestication of Samad Behrangi’s The Little Black Fish, a children’s story once hailed as a major revolutionary and literary text. Behrangi’s book is the only modern Iranian prose work to have been translated multiple times both before and after the Islamic Revolution of 1979. The study compares the texts from several of these retranslations, by considering whether they have been domesticated for their English readers, as well as their context, by looking at the cultural impact of such factors as the Islamic Revolution and US?Iran relations. It looks at how various translators and publishers have interpreted the story and how their perspectives reflect Iranian history, the influence of Middle East studies, and the interests of the Iranian diaspora. The result sheds light on translation norms, as well as on the circulation and interpretation of Iranian literature in the global context.     

The Reza Shah period: document collections recently published in Iran

Mokhaberat‐e Astarabad: Gozareshha‐ye Hosayn Qoli Maqsūdlū, vol. 2, 1335–43/1917–24, ed. I. Afshar and M. R. Daryagasht, (Tehran: Nashr‐e Tarikh‐e Iran, 1363 Sh./1984), pp. 1002.

Enqelab‐e Khorasan: Majmū'eh‐ye asnad va madarek, 1300, ed K. Bayat (Tehran: Mo'assaseh‐ye motale'at va pazhuheshha‐ye farhangi, 1370 Sh./1991), pp. 323.

Dawleh, 2 vols., ed. M. Ettehadieh (Nezam Mafi) and S. Sa'dvandian (Tehran: Nashr‐e Tarikh‐e Iran), volume one: Majales‐e chaharom va panjom‐e taqniniyeh (1369 Sh./1990), pp. 262; volume two: Khaferat‐e mahbas (1370 Sh./1991), pp. 496.

Do sal ravabet‐e mahramaneh‐ye Ahmad Shah va sefarat‐e Shūravi: Yaddashtha‐ye Reia Heravi, Basir al‐Dawleh, ed. M. Tafreshi (Tehran: Nashr‐e Tarikh‐e Iran, 1372 Sh./1993), pp. 177.

Asnad‐e matbū'at, 1286–1320 Sh., 2 vols., ed. K. Bayat and M. Kuhestani (1371 Sh./1993), pp. 630 and 567.

Khoshūnat va farhang: Asnad‐e mahramaneh‐ye kashf‐e hejab, 1312 Sh. (Tehran: Sazman‐e Asnad‐e Melli, 1371 Sh./1992), pp. 342.

Vaqe'eh‐ye kashf‐e hejab: Asnad‐e montasher nashodeh az vaqe'eh‐ye kashf‐e hejab dar ‘asr‐e Re?a Khan (Tehran: Sazman‐e Madarek‐e Farhangi‐e Enqelab‐e Eslami, 1371 Sh./1992), pp. 484.

Gozideh‐ye asnad‐e Khalij‐e Fars (Tehran: Daftar‐e Motale'at‐e Siyasi va Bayn al‐Melali, 1369 Sh./1990). Volume one: Jazayer‐e Khalij‐e Fars, 1320–60 (1901–1941), pp. 566; volume two: Ravabet‐e Iran ba keshvarha‐ye hawzeh‐ye Khalij‐e Fars va tahavvolat‐e dakheli‐e anha, pp. 885.

Gozideh‐ye asnad‐e marzi‐ye Iran va ‘Eraq (Tehran: Daftar‐e Motale'at‐e Siyasi va Bayn al‐Melali, 1368 Sh./1989), pp. 254.

Fa"aliyatha‐ye komunisti dar dawreh‐ye Reia Shah, ed. K. Bayat (Tehran: Sazman‐e Asnad‐e Melli‐ye Iran, 1370 Sh./1991), pp. 276.

Parvandeh‐ye panjah va seh nafar, ed. H. Farzaneh (Tehran: Mo'assaseh‐ye Negah, 1372 Sh./1993), pp. 595.

Asnad‐e nakhostin sepahbod‐e iran, Amir Ahmadi, ed. S. Sa'dvandian (Tehran: Mo'assaseh‐ye Motale'at va Pazhuhesh‐e Farhangi, 1373 Sh./1994), pp. 414.

Asnad‐e naq?‐e bifarafi‐e Iran dar Shahrivar 1320: Siyasat‐e khareji dar astaneh‐ye eshghal, ed. M. Torkaman (Tehran: Entesharat‐e Kavir, 1370 Sh./1991), pp. 278.

Re?a Shah: Khaterat‐e Solayman Behbūdi, Shams Pahlavi, ‘Ali Izadi, ed. G. H. Mirza Saleh (Tehran: Tarh‐e Now, 1372 Sh./1993), pp. 607.

Zendegani‐e tūfani, 2nd ed., ed. I. Afshar (Tehran: Entesharat‐e ‘Elmi, 1372 Sh./1993), pp. 925.

Nah?at‐e Jangali va ettehad‐e Eslam va asnad‐e mahramaneh va gozareshha, ed. F. Keshavarz (Tehran: Sazman‐e Asnad‐e Melli‐e Iran, 1371 Sh./1992), pp. 212.

Dar bareh‐ye qiyam‐e zhandarmeri‐e Khorasan be rahbari‐e Kolonel Mohammad Taqi Khan Pesiyan, ed. M. Bahar (Tehran: Entesharat‐e Mo'in, 1369 Sh./1990), pp. 101.

Jonbesh‐e Kolonel Mohammad Taqi Khan Pesiyan bana bar gozareshha‐ye konsūlgari‐e Engelis dar Mashhad, trans. G. H. Mirza Saleh (Tehran: Nashr‐e Tarikh‐e Iran, 1366 Sh./1987), pp. 166.

Khaterat‐e Sardar As'ad Bakhtiyari (Ja'far Qoli Khan Amir Bahador), ed. I. Afshar (Tehran: Entesharat‐e Asatir, 1372 Sh./1993), pp. 296.