Truncated Decision Making and Deliberative Implementation: A Time-Based Policy Process Model for Transitional China

The time dimension has not attracted enough attention in policy process research in China, yet speed is the most distinctive feature of China’s recent development. This article, based on observations of China’s policy practices, proposes a new research perspective for understanding how the Chinese government has been able to address policy challenges in an era of rapid transition. The approach adopted by the government allows decision makers to respond quickly to serious problems with a truncated decision-making process, and then implement the decisions through a more gradual deliberative process. The article examines China’s coal-mining industry reform as an empirical case to illustrate how this governance approach has been used to achieve major policy reform, namely property rights reform for coal mines, while simultaneously maintaining stability, regulating production safety, and stimulating industrial development. The article concludes with a discussion of the broad implications of this pattern for improving the effectiveness of public policy both in and outside China.     

无线网络深度覆盖技术在石窟寺保护利用中的运用——以敦煌莫高窟为例

针对莫高窟在保护利用数据传输过程中出现的问题与发展趋势,提出了利用无线网络深度覆盖技术构建数据传输平台,解决莫高窟大型洞窟内保护利用数据无法传输的问题。为构建实用性强的传输平台,采取了如下措施。首先,针对莫高窟保护利用各项业务数据采集、传输模式、传输机制等各阶段特点,提出了基于无线网络深度覆盖技术构建数据传输试验平台的需求;其次,设计了试验平台构建方案,依据莫高窟洞窟分布与建筑形制确定了试验平台构建位置。结合莫高窟目前无线网络覆盖现状,通过选型分析确定了无线网络深度覆盖关键技术,并应用该技术构建试验平台;最后,对试验平台无线信号覆盖范围、信号强度、传输性能、安全性等进行验证,确保数据传输的完整性与连续性。此试验平台已运行一年有余,应用效果良好。     

游戏型教育模式构建在博物馆中的应用探索——以青少年互动体验展"大明都水监之运河迷踪"为例

21世纪以来,教育型游戏数量明显增长,同时博物馆也逐渐采用游戏型教育模式开展教育.中国大运河博物馆青少年互动体验展"大明都水监之运河迷踪"将中国大运河作为"百科全书",并以此为出发点,结合大运河线性、多元、活态的特征,将游戏型教育模式融入和贯穿教育空间、活动的设计与开展,设置角色扮演型的互动游戏,立体化、多方位拓展、探索和实现博物馆公众教育功能.同时借由可视化技术与沉浸式交互体验等媒介主导的创造性游戏,以"寓教于乐"的方式提高青少年对大运河的认知.以往鉴来,将游戏型教育植入博物馆的相关展览架构、设计与开发,能够深刻影响观众,并推动今后的持续沟通和互动.     

Information transparency,monitoring, and incentives under decentralization: Evidence from China's fiscal reform of “province managing county”

Monitoring is deemed crucial for the incentivization of a decentralized organization, but its function relies on information transparency between the central authority and the delegated individuals. We test this hypothesis by considering changes in the fiscal behavior of Chinese county governments following an exogenous fiscal reform in 2004/2005 that removed information obstacles between provinces and counties. Employing data on 590 Chinese counties from 2000 to 2009, we find that counties in the reform provinces adopt a more proactive fiscal policy after the reform, suggesting that they become more incentivized in the political competition for economic growth. Such effects are stronger in counties with fewer competing peers and counties with either high or low ranks in the records of economic growth among peers. The increase in counties' productive spending leads to higher economic growth in later years.     

黄铜器表面着色方法的研究

在总结古代铜器表面处理的文献基础上一通过化学成膜探讨含锌32％－36％的黄铜试样表面着色的方法,通过调整和控制试液的浓度、温度、酸度及浸泡时间的实验,确定黄铜表面栗色膜形成的最佳条件。对表面形成的粟色膜用多种实验手段进行了测定,结果表明栗色股厚度约为8μm主要组成为Cu2O。并对化学过程中形色栗色膜的机理作了初步探体     

An Approach to the Diagnosis of Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia from the 2500‐Year‐Old Remains of a Skull from Ancient China

A human skull, buried about 2500 years ago in a Bronze Age cemetery at Jinggouzi, a site of an important ethnic group in ancient China, appeared to have characteristics of fibrous dysplasia. The CT images indicated a reduction in bone density and relatively homogeneous lesions. More features were revealed using CT reconstruction techniques. Lesions seen in low‐magnification images using a 3D deep‐field microscope had an irregular honeycomb‐like structure. At higher magnification, the trabeculae morphology and the gaps between the trabeculae were irregular and varied in size and shape. Paraffin‐embedded specimens stained with HE showed trabeculae with tortuous irregular arrangements varying in shape and width. The irregular trabeculae of woven bone has been described as having fibrous dysplasia. Molecular analysis of the GNAS gene indicated no mutation. This provides a non‐invasive approach for us to make more comprehensive diagnoses and to assist research into ancient human diseases.     

渤海上京城出土金属及冶炼遗物科技分析

通过使用便携式荧光光谱分析仪（p-XRF）、扫描电子显微镜与能谱（SEM-EDS）等对渤海上京城宫城、匠造址、东廊、御花园出土的铁质遗物、有色金属遗物以及冶炼废弃遗物进行了初步研究,并对渤海上京城所进行的金属冶炼工业流程进行推演,同时试图通过遗物本身对渤海国冶金生产技术及商贸流通提供部分佐证。     

秦代地方行政文书运作形态之考察——以里耶秦简为中心

里耶秦简中大部分是秦代地方的行政文书,为我们考察文书的运作形态提供了根据。从已经公布的简牍来看,秦代文书的运作形态十分规范。撰写公文由专门的书佐承担,并且要在背面左下角以"某手"的形式签署,此人即为始发公文的责任者。在中间每一步处理环节书写完毕都要紧接着处理意见签写其责任者的名,同样是以"某手"的形式。公文在抄写副本时也要将这些署名照录。收到文书后由责任者发阅,根据公文内容判断是否需要回复或转发。如果不需要,就直接在原简背面最左边写下收文记录并署名"某手"。如果需要回复或转发,就要另制作一份抄件副本,将来文内容抄于其上,并且将原文件的责任人署名照录于副本的同一位置,然后在背面左起第一行写下记录,这些工作完成之后再把来文的原件交给上级处理。在文书运作中,文书的性质也随着"传""别书"而发生变化。对于"某手"的理解,不能简单地认为是书写者的签名,而应是文书的责任人。     

集安地区高句丽晚期积石墓的探索——以两座积石壁画墓的时代为中心

本文通过对两座积石石室壁画墓时代的探讨,将集安地区高句丽积石墓的下限年代推定为6世纪前叶早段,并认为积石墓外部的基坛形态被高等级封土墓所继承。     

伪色诺芬《雅典政制》史料价值初探

伪色诺芬《雅典政制》作为公元前5世纪后期雅典的历史文献,对于研究雅典政治状况、原提洛同盟"盟邦"与雅典的关系以及探析民主政治的实质具有重要的史料价值。作者主要从平民的权利、海上霸权两个方面论述雅典民主制保持完好的原因,评述"盟邦"主权遭到雅典侵夺的历史事实,从而证明雅典民主制乃是建立在全体雅典人对非雅典人剥削、奴役基础之上的。当政者所采取种种强化民主的措施,其目的都是为了维护雅典人的根本利益。