乡村社区旅游生计代际传承的过程及影响因素——以栾川县重渡村为例

在乡村振兴背景下,旅游生计成为乡村可持续发展的重要议题,但与之相关的研究较为匮乏。文章以栾川县重渡村为案例地,通过对亲代和子代进行半结构化访谈,探讨旅游生计代际传承的过程及其主要影响因素。研究发现：(1)旅游生计的代际传承经历了亲代生计开拓、子代培养和发展、共同经营、生计传承四个阶段,并与重渡村这一乡村旅游目的地起步、培育、快速发展、规范管理的生命周期相适应。(2)文化因素、主体因素和规制压力是影响生计传承的主要原因。(3)旅游生计的代际传承关乎乡村旅游的可持续发展和乡村振兴战略的有效实施,相关问题值得进一步探索和研究。     

Micro-CT-assisted determination of the shattering and non-shattering phenotypes of charred rice spikelet bases from archaeological sites: a new methodological approach

The selection of a non-shattering phenotype is a pivotal change in the process of rice domestication. However, current research is heavily restricted by the preservation conditions of macro-plant remains in early and middle Neolithic sites, as very limited well-preserved rice spikelet bases could be retrieved. We present a non-destructive method based on micro-computed tomographic (CT) scanning, which could provide detailed visualization of the internal structures of charred spikelet bases and efficiently discriminate the shattering and non-shattering phenotypes of rice spikelet bases according to the abundance of fusiform echinate phytoliths. It could be widely applied in different contexts, especially those poorly preserved specimens and tempers in pottery sherds, greatly improving our knowledge of rice domestication.     

济贫与规训:16世纪英国社会转型时期的布赖德威尔

布赖德威尔(感化院)在英国社会转型进程中发挥了重要作用。英国布赖德威尔体系的形成经历了城市试验与国家推广两个阶段,是地方创造力与中央意志力合力的结果。布赖德威尔具有公共雇佣和规训惩罚等多重功能。围绕功能的定位,布赖德威尔的性质有一个从雇佣机构向规训机构的明显变迁,这反映出理想与现实之间的纠结和平衡。     

DEM Algorithm for Progressive Collapse Simulation of Single-Layer Reticulated Domes under Multi-Support Excitation

In this paper, the Member Discrete Element Method (MDEM) is modified and perfected for three aspects: the algorithm itself, loading and computational efficiency, and to accurately and quantitatively simulate the progressive collapse for large-span spatial steel structures. In addition, the corresponding computational programs are compiled. First, from the perspective of the method, a meshing principle for discrete element models is determined, a treatment for material nonlinearity and strain rate effect is proposed, and a damping model is established. Next, the Displacement Method is introduced to determine the multi-support excitation for the MDEM, and then motion equations of particles under multi-support excitation are derived. On this basis, the specific process of gravitational field loading is presented. Furthermore, parallel implementation strategies for the MDEM based on OpenMP are constructed. Finally, the collapse simulation of a 1/3.5-scaled single-layer reticulated dome shaking table test model under multi-support excitation is carried out. The comparison demonstrates that the ultimate load and failure mode as well as the complete collapse time of the numerical results are consistent with the experimentally measured responses, and the configuration variations from member buckling and local depression until collapse failure are fully captured. Moreover, the displacement time-history curves obtained using MDEM are almost identical to the experimental measurements, and there is a nuance only in the amplitude. It is verified that MDEM is capable of precisely addressing the collapse failure for large-span spatial steel structures. Additionally, the failure mechanism for structures of this type is naturally revealed.     

Reconnaissance Report on Geotechnical Engineering Aspect of the 2015 Gorkha,Nepal, Earthquake

An earthquake of moment magnitude M_w 7.8 struck Nepal at 06:11 UTC on April 25, 2015. Field reconnaissance focused on the geotechnical engineering aspect of the earthquake was carried out in the Kathmandu Valley and regions near the epicenter. This paper presents briefly the geology of Nepal, the accelerogram, and results of standard penetration tests at selected sites in the valley. The study shows the failure case histories including landslides, road embankment settlement, bridge foundations and abutment damage, and liquefaction. The paper also highlights the impact of local soil properties and basin and ridge effect on the severity of damage.     

论碧霞元君信仰的起源

泰山碧霞元君是中国历史上影响最大的女神之一,尤其是明清以来,她在民间的影响已经大大超过了泰山主神东岳大帝,以至于当时的文人士子对碧霞元君势力     

略论抗日战争时期的澳门

澳门的命运始终与祖国休戚相关,抗日战争时期澳门虽未被日军占领,但也同样历经了日本掠夺的苦难,同时在抗战中起到了积极的作用。澳门战略地位之重要与香港一样,世人皆知。它是中国通往世界的南大门,也是东西方各国和东南亚各国的交通要道。由于澳门一直未被日军占领,它在中国的抗日战争期间曾发挥过积极和有力的作用。第一,澳门民众积极声援和直接参加抗击日本侵略者的斗争。早在“九一八”事变后,澳门同胞就以“救灾”的名义投入神圣的抗日救国运动。后来在抗日战场上血洒长空的林耀等即是在此时返回内地,进入航空学校的。澳门同…     

明清北京通州古城研究

通州是明清时期运河北端漕运枢纽城市。随着漕运的发展,通州城池自明初以来也日益扩展和完善。本文利用文献档案、古地图、实地考察和访谈等多种研究方法研究了通州城垣、护城河以及城内街巷分布和功能区布局,并重点论述了通州城的主要职能。明清通州城的发展演变与漕运有着密切的关系,古城城垣扩展受到仓储职能的较大影响,城池巧妙地利用运河水系集城防与漕运于一体,城市职能随着漕运发展而日渐扩充和完善。明清通州古城集中反映了北京地区的运河文化,是重要的运河文化遗产地,应加以深入研究并实施保护。     

Development of Collaborative Structure Analysis (CSA) System and Its Application to Investigate Effects of Soil-Structure Interaction

In this article, a collaborative structure analysis (CSA) system is developed for integrating different finite-element simulation programs. In this system, a simulated structure is divided into multiple substructures, and the interaction between the substructures is considered. Interfaces for the commercial finite-element program ABAQUS and for an open-source framework for structure analysis, OpenSees, are developed to achieve CSA integration. The CSA system is applied to analysis of a soil-structure interaction (SSI) problem, and the effects of SSI are investigated, and the efficiency and accuracy of the system are demonstrated.     

中日建筑民俗比较研究

日本的建筑,包括城池、庙宇和民居,都深受中国的影响,京都、奈良就是按古长安的模式建造的,连平城京宫的12道门,均取长安城门之名命之;特别是建筑风俗的理念,基本上是中国风水理论的演绎,五行四象布局被普遍认同。日本明治维新以后,由于工业社会的影响和西方文化的冲击,人们在接受中国传统思想的同时,又企图以现代科学的方法加以实证,使这些传统变得更加理性和严谨。而中国的建筑民俗,一方面由于统治思想的打压,被视为“封建迷信”,潜流于乡间和底层社会;另一方面主流社会为适应政治经济和观光旅游的需要,变换形式加以炒作,使其功利目的更为彰显,双方都在按各自的套路发展。