走向开放的汉阳陵

陕西文物以周、秦、汉、唐为盛,由此奠定了陕西文物在全国无与匹敌的地位。为了发展旅游,进而推动经济社会的全面发展,陕西早在十多年前就加快了对重点文物,特别是周、秦、汉、唐代表性文物保护利用的基础设施建设,目的是使这些文物能尽快地从封闭走向开放,发挥其应该有的经济效益和社会效益,为社会主义现代化建设服务。阳陵作为展现“汉”文化的重点文物单位的首选,其基础设施建设率先起步了。笔者最近有幸成为由北京、陕西、河南、甘肃、内蒙等文物局前局长组成的老文物工作者考察团的一员,以历史见证人的目光,应邀对阳陵进行了参观考察,所见所闻,感慨良多。     

藏族妇女与美容

藏族妇女与美容塔热·次仁玉珍生活在世界屋脊上的藏族妇女和天下诸族女性一样，自从她们来到了人间，天生就有一股强烈的爱美之心。可是，高原刺骨的寒气、弥漫的风沙等合力摧打着她们那鲜花般娇嫩的面容，往往使她们未老先衰，春色过早地从她们的脸上大步褪去。即使这样...     

Population studies

A number of studies have been published about the population change in New Zealand between 1936 and 1986. During this time an intellectual and demographic revolution also took place simultaneously. From 1961 and 1986 the population increased from 2.4 million to 3.3 million mainly because of Polynesian immigration, and the elderly and females also increased. The Maoris became urban. Mortality stayed stable, but fertility declined to below replacement level in the 1980's. Murray Wilson (1988) analyzed the relationship of fertility and mortality in terms of a post-transitional (developed) society like Australia or the European norm of a 2-children family. In his view the youth culture, television, and female aspirations greatly influenced childrearing. Daniel Noin (1988) examined the current state of geographical research on mortality from a methodological point of view finding wide differences in mortality in Quebec, Brussels, Paris, and London attributable to culture. Mosley and Chen (1984) argued that social, cultural, and economic factors to mortality are mediated by individual, household, and community variables. Jones and Moon (1987) dealt with medical geography in the context of the consumption of health care and disease ecology. Momsen and Townsend (1987) addressed the role of women in developing countries stating that gender is socially created and it examined the worldwide subordination of women. In the 1980's a host of other authors have also touched on the subject of the demography of gender analyzing discrimination against female children, unmarried American women, and single parent families. Yet Fahey (1988) stated that gender was only regarded relevant by Australian geographers as a demographic variable.     

A synthesis of macro and micro approaches to explaining migration: evidence from inter-state migration in the United States

The interrelationships between macro and micro factors in the analysis of interstate migration in the United States are explored. A synthesis between these factors is attempted "by combining objectively calibrated characteristics of states with their subjectively measured counterparts....First, the relationships between the objective variables and their subjective counterparts are analyzed. Second, both sets of variables are used to explain residential preferences and migration. Third, a series of path models are constructed to indicate how the subjective variables act as intervening variables between their objective counterparts and migration."     

吴歈越吟——浙江民间歌曲概述

浙江民间歌曲,按音乐体裁,大致可分为号子、山歌、小调、灯调莲花、儿歌、畲族山歌等.按题材内容,大致可分为劳动、爱情、生活、时政、风俗、童谣等.同一体裁的曲调,可能有不同的题材内容;同一题材的歌词,也可能有不同的曲调体裁.但是不同的曲调形式,其歌词的题材内容往往有所侧重.本文就体裁形式和题材内容两个方面,谈一些自己的看法.     

英国的城市中心商业区研究

许多早期的城市地理学者对城市中心很有兴趣,因为那里聚集着中心商业区。起初,人们并没有采取特殊的方式对它加以圈定,但它作为一个城市的一定区域被组织起来。尽管如此,城市仍然保持着一定的区域特征。很显然,作为拥有城市各种活动的职能核心,其所需要的可能区位,为了更具引力,必须具有城市的经济生存性和职能有效性。从典型事例来看,城市中心是由各种因素聚集而成的。如商品零售、消费服务、商业和公共官方活动、商品的批发与入库和一系     

德国社会地理学的发展

社会地理学主要研究由人类集团和社会的基本存在功能所引起的空间组织和空间结构的过程。它是现代人文地理的重要分支,为广大学者所重视。社会地理学在德国人文地理学占有主要地位,代表其发展潮流。需要指出的是,这里的“德国”是指欧洲德语地区的全部,但不包括民主德国,因为那里的人文地理学,在战后走过的是完全不同的历程。一、德国社会地理学的形成     

西德人文地理学的发展

一、引言自一个半世纪以前的亚历山大·洪堡和半个世纪前的阿弗雷德·赫特纳时代以来,德国的地理学广为人知,受到人们广泛的讨论和注意,并被公认为居于以欧洲为中心的世界地理学的领先地位。在学科发展日益国际化并以英语作为主要科学交流语言的最近几十年中,西德的人文地理学有哪些主要研究方向呢? 探讨西德人文地理学思想和理论,应该首先回顾西德地理学的发展历史。德国地理学最初只是国民教育中的一环,是普通学校中的一门学科,其目的是为学     

前进中的回顾——写在学术专栏“中国边疆史地研究”终刊之时

中国边疆史地研究具有十分丰富的内涵,一部中国史,上下五千年,东西南北中,均有边疆史地研究的对象。为了推动我国边疆史地研究的发展,中国边疆史地研究中心在《西北史地》编辑部的鼎力相助下,从1987年9月始在《西北史地》上创办了“中国边疆史地研究”学术专栏。以中国边疆史地作为研究主体而独辟学术专栏,在40年的大陆史坛上尚属首次。因而,颇得历史学界,特别是地方史、中外关系史、民族史研究同仁的关心与支持,使专栏成为发表边疆史地研究论文、沟通彼此信息的小小园地。