The significance of values: heritage value typologies re-examined

A critical discussion of value typologies for heritage conservation and management is offered, from the perspective of objects and urban conservation, in light of a review of published literature on heritage values. It is suggested that value typologies are often designed and implemented without understanding the implicit consequences of the inclusion and omission of ‘values’. It is also suggested that typologies often fail to prompt the necessary questions to develop satisfactorily detailed understandings of heritage significance, resulting in decisions being based on implicit, rather than explicit, value assessments in practice. Mindful of the problems associated with ‘universalising’ context specific typologies, a broad framework for assessing and communicating significance is proposed. In order to encourage holistic approaches, the framework is designed to combat the false dichotomies of cultural/natural and tangible/intangible heritage; it is hoped this will make the framework widely applicable. Without downplaying the necessity of diverse participation in assessing significance, the framework is designed to identify aspects of weakness and preference in cases where adequate consultation is not possible.     

江苏洪泽湖大堤石工图案遗存的调查与研究

洪泽湖大堤蕴藏着大量的石刻遗存,其中石工图案占有较大比例,具有浓郁的民俗文化与水文化特征,是我国18世纪石雕艺术的优秀作品。石工图案大致分为器物、庆词颂语、植物与动物、人物、山水日月、屋宇建筑六类题材,大部分图案运用寓意的构图形式来表达主题思想,基本采用浅浮雕技法。制作年代主要是清代乾隆时期,历史背景与清口枢纽治水相关,是中国大运河世界文化遗产的重要组成部分。     

Playing with digital gender identity and cultural value

In cyberspace, anything is possible. Playing with digital gender identity has particularly flourished in digital dating games. Women can become the ‘masters,’ while men are the ‘pets’ when fabricating and manipulating digital gender identity to develop alternative heterosexual relationships. This implies that the breaking down of social and cultural barriers in cyberspace is possible if the digital dating game is seen as playful or a potential liberation from the barriers of digital gender identity to challenge the existing masculine power base. The current study attempts to fill the gap in knowledge related to challenging heterosexuality as the masculine dominant norm in cyberspace by examining Taiwanese online heterosexual relationship developments between gender identity and cultural value while playing a ludic digital dating game. The study employs netnography and recruits 40 people total, including Taiwanese workers and full-time university students, for participation in this research. The results highlight that the digital dating game is in some ways liberating, enabling Taiwanese users to present themselves as they want to express emotions, establish online heterosexual relationships in a nontraditional way, and engage in alternative digital gender play. These ‘ludic gaps’ allow for a fleeting, but unsustainable escape from traditional Taiwanese gender cultural values and practices. It is suggested that culture is inescapable, regardless of whether we are in the real world or cyberspace.     

试论博物馆艺术授权的结构模式与价值链

博物馆艺术授权是以博物馆藏品等所体现的文化艺术内涵为依托的授权标的物知识产权的授权体系,其发展路径和结构形式即为博物馆艺术授权的结构模式,分为直接授权模式、委托授权模式和综合授权模式三种。这一结构模式决定了其价值链的形成过程和最终形态,总体表现为由若干点、线、面组成的伞状结构的价值网络。     

突出普遍价值评估与遗产构成分析方法研究——以大运河为例

中国是文化遗产大国,为了能够更好地成功申报世界文化遗产,需要准确认识和阐释遗产的突出普遍价值和遗产构成.通过对国外和国内的相关文献的分析研究,对比我国文化遗产价值评估及申请世界文化遗产(申遗)价值评估与阐释,结合大运河申遗研究,探索和完善了一种具有实际操作性的评估与分析方法.文化遗产的突出普遍价值评估和遗产构成的确定是申报世界文化遗产的基本和核心的工作,本文介绍的分析评估方法可为文化遗产突出普遍价值评估和遗产构成分析提供一种参考.     

略论土地综合承载力评价指标体系的设计思路——我国沿海地区案例分析

长期以来,作为我国社会经济迅速发展的东部沿海地区,其人地关系日趋紧张,人口、资源、环境等各类问题也日趋激化,谋求区域发展的可持续性已成为该地区的必然选择。而土地综合承载力又恰恰为可持续发展的实施提供了切入点。本文在对土地承载力重新审视的基础上,以全新的视角重构土地承载力的理论框架,并以我国东部沿海地区为例,对区域土地承载力的评判指标体系进行了全新设计,为进一步的区域土地承载力综合评价奠定基础。     

刘少奇对社会主义商品经济的理论探讨及其实践

刘少奇在对社会主义商品经济的理论探讨及其具体实践中 ,提出了许多富有创见的思想观点 :提出两种社会主义公有制都不存在时商品经济还会存在 ;许多生产资料可以作为商品流通 ;从对社会主义劳动力采用了商品形式、不要回避剩余劳动和剩余价值问题的认识出发 ,提出要改革社会主义劳动制度和工资制度 ;他把社会主义公有制、有计划按比例规律与商品经济和价值规律联系起来考察 ,显露出思想深处关于社会主义有计划商品经济的端倪。他的相关论述能够反映出这样的观点 :价值规律是有关发展商品生产、商品交换和分配的规律。他运用价值规律解决实际问题 ,提出用经济办法管理经济、领导自由市场的观点 ;要求遵循价值规律 ,实现企业管理的自主权和独立的经济核算权。     

旅游规划的价值取向

"旅游"的核心概念是"经历",是人的一种精神需求,是一种社会行为,一种人的社会活动方式。旅游规划的目的是为人们提供一种社会活动空间。本文从旅游规划的伦理层面研究入手,对旅游规划的弱经济功利价值取向、可持续发展价值取向、比较优势价值取向和休闲价值取向进行了探讨。旅游规划的经济价值取向造成了旅游资源消耗、环境恶化、目的地生命周期缩短的恶性循环;可持续发展取向类似于生态旅游,是人地关系的新价值取向;在旅游规划研究中,比较优势价值取向不仅是一种思想,还是一种方法;休闲是人存在的一种状态,是人对幸福和生命意义追求的过程。其目的力图将旅游规划的研究和实践还原到旅游是人的一种社会活动方式的层面上来。这对规划师的价值取向提出了新要求,与规划师个人的生活经历、个性、知识结构和创新能力有关。对于一个旅游规划师来说,树立"吾离今人远,而离后人近"的旅游规划学术自信、超前意识和休闲价值取向,并在实践中予以应用是时代的要求。     

THE CONTINUING MODESTY OF HISTORY

The critique of conventional historical writing has been emergent for a century—it is not the work of a few—and it has immense practical implications for Western society, perhaps especially in English‐speaking countries. Involved are such issues as the decline of representation, the nature of causality, the definitions of identity or time or system, to name only a few. Conventional historians are quite right to consider this a challenge to everything they assume in order to do their work. The challenge is, why do that particular work at all? Understandably, historians have consolidated, especially in North America where empiricism and the English language prevail. But even there, and certainly elsewhere, and given the changes in knowledge and social order during the past century at least, the critique of conventional historical method is unavoidable. Too bad historians aren't doing more to help this effort, and by historians I don't mean the most of us who think constantly in terms of historical causality as we learned it from the nineteenth century and our teachers; by “historians” I mean the experts who continue to teach the young. A major roadblock to creative discussion is the fact that problems such as those just mentioned all exceed disciplinary boundaries, so investigation that does not follow suit cannot grasp the problem, much less respond to it creatively. Of course everyone is “for” interdisciplinary work, but most professional organizations, publications, and institutions do not encourage it, despite lip service to the contrary. Interdisciplinary work involves more than the splicing activity that is all too familiar in academic curricula. Crossing out of one's realm of “expertise” requires a kind of humility that does not always sort well with the kind of expertise fostered by professional organizations, publications, and institutions. And even the willing have trouble with the heady atmosphere outside the professional bubble. In such conditions key terms (“language,”“discourse,”“relativism,”“modernity,”“postmodernity,”“time,”“difference”) are pushed here and pushed there without gaining the focus that would lead to currency until finally the ostensible field of play resembles a gigantic traffic jam like the one that opens the film Fellini Roma. Discussion of these issues leads in the end to Borges and his story, ‘The Modesty of History,” from which the title of this essay is borrowed.