宁波自驾车旅游现状调查及发展对策研究

随着汽车进入百姓家庭,自驾车旅游在全国各地日益成为热点旅游形式。本文通过实地调查和面对面访谈,对宁波自驾车旅游者的消费特点进行了描述性分析,揭示了宁波自驾车旅游发展所面临的问题,其中包括基础设施和企业经营两方面,从而提出了宁波自驾车旅游发展的对策。     

关于社会主体旅游方式决定因素的分析——兼论东西方旅游习惯差异的形成与表现

东西方国家民众的主体旅游方式和旅游传统有着明显差异,长期以来,西方人喜欢一地停留式的“度假旅游”,以中国人为典型代表的东方人则喜欢周游式“观光旅游”。本文认为,东西方之间在旅游文化上的这种差异,不但体现在社会主体旅游方式上,也体现在各自语言文化中有关旅游的日常用语上,还体现在旅游机构的名称,以及旅游统计口径和划分标准上。本文进一步认为,是以下六大因素决定了社会主体旅游方式的形成——文化观念、社会环境、地理条件、经济条件、心理因素、科技水平,并分析了它们如何作用于人们旅游习惯的形成。     

《劳动合同法》对导游用工涉及的法律关系的影响

本文通过对比分析《劳动合同法》颁布前后导游与旅行社、导游服务公司之间的法律关系,认为导游与旅行社或导游服务公司之间成立劳动关系,原先受民法调整的劳务关系将渐渐从导游执业中淡出,导游权益的保障会有一定程度的改善。     

我国内地旅游网站的可用性研究——基于对海口市网民的调查

目前国内很多针对旅游网站的研究大多是关注旅游网站的功能,网站可用性方面的研究很大程度上被忽视了。本文对此进行了探索性研究：通过采用修正的启发式评价方法,定义了用户对网站评价的基准,对489份基于5大类24个指标的调查问卷进行了分析和讨论,发现了我国内地旅游网站在可用性如内容服务形式、整体结构设计等方面存在的问题,同时给出了解决这些问题的建议和措施。     

基于网络游记语义分析和GIS可视化的游客时空行为与情绪关系实证研究——以北京市为例

游客的情绪体验在很大程度上影响着他们的体验质量、目的地形象感知及满意度等旅游行为,但情绪和时空行为联系的研究尚未充分展开。本文从时间地理学和行为地理学视角出发,结合情感地理思维,以"马蜂窝网站"2017年北京自由行游记为数据源,通过语义分析识别游客情绪及时空行为要素,并在GIS中叠加整合进行交互分析与解释。一方面,研究揭示了游客时空行为及情绪特征,并探讨了情绪在全局/局部空间自相关的集聚性,以及游客时空行为与情绪的关系;另一方面,归纳出作用于行为和情绪的时空环境条件因素:空间特点、时间预算、与他人的互动。本文通过实证研究总结具体旅游情境下情绪与行为的响应和关联,探索个体时空行为模式中情绪要素的意义,讨论时空环境对行为和情绪的影响,并对区域旅游发展和景区服务管理提供建议。     

基于居民移动-活动行为的城市空间研究

在以人为本及后现代思潮的大背景下,人文地理学研究越来越关注个体人的行为以及生活质量问题,基于居民移动-活动行为的城市空间研究正成为人文地理及城市规划学等学科的焦点。论文在对城市活动空间研究及城市交通出行研究中的问题进行梳理的基础上,提出一个基于居民移动-活动行为的城市空间研究新框架,强调行为与空间之间的互动关系,强调RP法和SP法的结合,强调现实行为、现实空间与理想行为、理想空间之间的和谐。     

Constructing subjective spiritual geographies in everyday mobilities: the practice of prayer and meditation in corporeal travel

This paper contributes to contemporary geographies of religion by exploring how everyday spaces of mobility and flows can be transformed through specific practices such as prayer and meditation that contribute to personal spirituality. The work challenges traditionally held assumptions that sacred space or codified religious spaces requires stillness and calmness by drawing on the New Mobilities Paradigm to explore how spiritual practices are conducted within the flows and movement that characterise contemporary everyday life. Using questionnaires and diary-interview methods, everyday journeys of participants captured how prayer, meditation and encounters with others and the environment facilitated by movement can transform and be transformed by mobility and the mode of travel. Participant’s accounts of their everyday mundane journeys reveal personalised associations of the everyday spaces that they travel through and the different routines they enact on a daily basis that incorporate religious objects, practices or ideas. These journeys and time-spaces form what I term a ‘subjective spiritual geography’, a network of the interrelated time-spaces threaded together by the individual’s schedule and routine that create, maintain and reinforce personal and informal religious meaning in everyday life.     

Reversing the view of ‘political pilgrims’: re-examining Italian travelogues about China in the 1950s

Scholars often consider the mostly positive representations of China by Italian visitors in the 1950s as the false and embellished depictions of political pilgrims. This article challenges this oversimplified interpretation. Based on evidence from commonly cited travel accounts, this article argues that Italian writers’ leftist political sympathies did not necessarily lead to self-censorship or intentional embellishment of China, nor did the host country’s control and surveillance over foreigners simply make Italian visitors willing to cooperate or produce positive feedback. Putting these travel accounts in their social and historical contexts, the article shows that Italian intellectuals’ positive representations of China in the 1950s, as well as the severe criticisms that were raised in the 1960s and 1970s, were rooted in reality and reflected the radical changes in Chinese society and Sino-Italian relations over the course of the Maoist era (1949–1976).     

Weather sensitivity and climate change perceptions of tourists: a segmentation analysis

ABSTRACT

Many communities rely on tourism spending, so it is important to understand any potential changes to tourist flows resulting from changing climate and weather patterns. However, tourists are not a homogenous group, as they have different motivations, values, and goals. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation is to better understand potentially varying perceptions and behavior of different tourist types, specifically in regards to their weather sensitivity, climate change concern, and behavioral intention for climate change mitigation. Tourists were randomly surveyed at 20 locations throughout the state of Maine in the United States (n = 704). Segmentation analysis on the activities tourists participated in yielded three segments of Maine tourists: non-nature-based tourists (50.6%), nature-based generalists (16.2%), and nature-based specialists (33.2%). Differences across segments were explored for perceptions of weather impacts, climate change concern, and mitigation intent. Additionally, weather sensitivity was analyzed based on type of overnight accommodations to better understand if this also had a role in differences. Non-nature-based tourists thought that weather variables were less influential during their travels in Maine than the other segments, while nature-based generalists perceived weather to have the highest influence. Additionally, nature-based specialists had the highest level of climate change belief, while nature-based generalists had the highest willingness to engage in climate change mitigation behavior. Results are useful to understand how segments of tourism demand may be altered with a changing climate, such as increased temperatures, precipitation, and storms, and what groups may be the most beneficial to target for marketing or educational efforts to reduce the impact of climate change.     

国外儿童独立活动性研究进展与启示

儿童独立活动性是衡量儿童自主活动能力的重要指标,提升儿童独立活动性对于增加儿童体力活动量、减少肥胖几率、促进社会交往等具有积极作用。本文梳理了国外学者对于儿童独立活动性的研究成果,介绍了儿童独立活动性的基本概念,从理论模型与实证研究两方面总结了儿童独立活动性的影响因素与作用机制,整理了其测量指标与具体方法,并归纳了相关实践研究。在此基础上,文章指出了现有研究在影响机制、测度方法以及理论向实践转化方面的不足,并提出了对我国的启示内容,以期为我国提供借鉴。