基于"钻石模型"对青海省旅游产业的竞争力分析

本文依据波特的“钻石模型”,从生产要素、需求条件、企业的战略与竞争、相关与支持性产业、政府支持、机遇六个方面对青海省旅游业的竞争力进行了分析,以期为正确制定青海省旅游产业发展战略,提升青海省旅游产业竞争力提供研究基础。     

The Parkes Elvis Revival Festival: Economic Development and Contested Place Identities in Rural Australia

This paper discusses the annual Elvis Revival Festival in the small town of Parkes, 350 km to the west of Sydney, in rural Australia. It explores the way in which a remote place with few economic prospects has created a tourism product, and subsequently captured national publicity, through a festival based around commemoration of the birthday of Elvis Presley, a performer who had never visited Australia, and certainly not Parkes. The Festival began in the early 1990s, when a keen Elvis fan rallied promoters (and other fans) around the idea of bringing Elvis impersonators to the town for an annual celebration. Since then, the Festival has grown in size, with notable economic impact. The town now partly trades on its association with Elvis, constituting an ‘invented’ tradition and place identity. Yet the festival is not without tensions. The images of Elvis and the traditions generated by the festival challenge those who wish to promote Parkes through more austere, staid notions of place and identity. For some, Elvis is a means for the town to generate income and national notoriety, while others prefer less ‘kitsch’ tourism attractions such as a nearby (and nationally famous) radio telescope. Results from interviews with key players and surveys of visitors demonstrate how ‘tradition’ is constructed in places (rather than being innate), and how small places, even in remote areas, can develop economic activities through festivals, and create new identities – albeit contested ones.     

中国古代城市旅游发展及其特点

中国古代城市旅游经历了起步、兴盛、成熟和普及四个发展阶段,由事务型旅行逐步走向休闲娱乐,并最终成为一种城市化生活时尚。中国古代城市旅游活动有其独特的风格与魅力,体现了中国古代旅游发展的最高水平,在世界古代城市旅游发展史上也不多见。     

旅游介入文化研究

旅游介入文化是旅游文化的重要组成部分,是因旅游者的旅游活动而产生并直接介入其间施加影响的文化。本文分析了旅游介入文化的分类与特点。旅游介入文化的提出为旅游文化研究提供了一个新的视角,在实践上有助于介入主体明确方向,制定合理而又具针对性的旅游文化建设举措,促进旅游的持续健康发展。     

The Future of the Murray River: Amenity Re‐Considered?

Most efforts to restore environmental flows to the Murray River assume that it means resolving a dilemma between two competing needs: those of the environment and those of agriculturalists. This paper provides evidence to show amenity is also important, it is not being adequately considered, and that this, in turn, is impeding efforts to restore environmental flows. The paper contains a literature review of a number of studies which, when combined, show that the importance of amenity (tourism, recreation and lifestyle) is of similar scale (has significant economic value and community support) to productive values. Three case studies show that community concerns about loss of amenity values have impeded restoration programs despite evidence that existing practices are causing environmental damage. The debate about water use in the Murray is clearly not simply one between environment and production but also one involving lifestyles. The challenge is to better understand the nature and scale of amenity and its relationship to other natural resource management issues.     

南京市社区服务设施可达性的空间格局与低收入社区空间剥夺研究

社区服务设施的空间可达性事关城市公共资源分配的社会公平与公正,是反映城市居民生活质量的重要标志。以南京市居住用地作为基本分析单元,对南京市的教育、医疗、商业和公园绿地四大类社区服务设施的空间可达性进行分析;并通过对相关低收入社区的实地调研,研究城市边缘区低收入群体的服务设施空间剥夺问题。研究表明：南京市四类服务设施的可达性水平均呈现出由城市中心区向郊区衰减的空间分异格局;较低的社区服务设施可达性不仅直接造成低收入社区居民对社区服务设施较低的满意度,导致其空间剥夺感的产生,还极大地阻碍着社区归属感的形成,导致社区居民强烈的迁居欲望,在他们较低的支付能力下进一步加剧其空间剥夺感。政府未来在规划面向低收入群体的保障性社区时,更应注重相关服务配套设施建设,做到社会与空间的公正性。     

高铁枢纽城市旅游产业供给水平评价研究——以西安市为例

高速铁路的开通大幅提升和拓展了旅游目的地的可达性和客源市场的范围,也对沿线枢纽城市的旅游产业供给水平提出了更高的要求。本文以中西部高铁枢纽城市西安作为实证对象,借助专家调查法和AHP分析法构建高铁影响下的枢纽城市旅游产业供给水平的评价指标体系;并以武汉市、南京市作为参照对象展开比较评价。研究显示,高铁条件下的西安旅游产业供给水平总体呈增长态势,但各供给要素水平差异明显,且整体城市旅游环境仍有较大的提升空间。     

长江三角洲城市旅游空间结构形成的产业机理——基于旅游企业空间区位选择视角

长江三角洲城市旅游企业空间布局状况对城市旅游增长极与城市旅游核心-边缘空间结构的形成具有重要影响。长江三角洲城市旅游空间一体化发展及城市旅游核心区与边缘区的协同发展目标的实现,旅游企业空间区位选择费用最小化行为是一种重要的实现推动力。旅游企业在城市旅游核心区或边缘区的布局是旅游企业在固定成本与旅游接待人次两种因素之间博弈的过程。旅游企业选择在城市旅游空间集聚区还是在非集聚区布局取决于在集聚区获得集聚经济的程度、集聚区产生的集聚不经济程度及非集聚区土地等成本的差异等。     

THE SHOVEL IS OUR WEAPON

There are many functional, organizational and ideational similarities between the labour services in Germany, the Reichsarbeitsdienst (RAD) and in Norway, Arbeidstjenesten (AT). There were numerous conduits for transnational transfers of ideas and practices, especially as the RAD oversaw the creation of the Norwegian obligatory service during the occupation. Although the German conception of labour service inevitably influenced the development of the AT, the AT was not simply a copy of a German model. Norway had its own history of voluntary labour services and the labour service idea resonated with existing structures in Norwegian society and politics. This article discusses what elements of the model were adopted and rejected. Contingencies, context and continuities also played a decisive role in shaping the Norwegian service, for which the German RAD served as an example of what a labour service should look like, but also what it should not look like.     

试论旅游学的研究方法

任何一个成熟的理论体系或学科都有与其学科性质和学科内容相适应的研究方法,以作为该理论和学科研究的基本手段和工具。旅游学是一门综合性的边缘学科,根据其学科性质和特点,我们应使用如下研究方法：一是综合法和借鉴法;二是理论与实践相结合的方法;三是定性分析和定量分析相结合的方法。