华侨华人与《反分裂国家法》的酝酿、立法和颁行

在《反分裂国家法》酝酿、立法、颁行的过程中,华侨华人做出了突出的贡献,如华侨华人早就有以立法遏制"台独"的倡议,并向温家宝总理提议,成为酝酿《反分裂国家法》的重要来源;《反分裂国家法》立法程序启动后,华侨华人统一认识,积极献言献策,力正视听,并见证了此法通过的历史时刻;《反分裂国家法》颁行后,华侨华人广泛拥护,对"台独"等各种分裂分子的行径进行了抨击,对华社①的不同意见进行交流,促进了国际社会和华社对此法的认同。     

论抗战时期的杭州钱庄业

钱庄业是传统中国金融机构的代表之一。本文依据日本满铁调查机构1942年对杭州钱庄业的调查资料,重点分析和考查抗战时期杭州钱庄业的基本状况、组织特点和业务领域,指出能够根据外在社会环境变化调整、改革自身是钱庄业得以长期生存发展的根本原因。     

20世纪20年代国民党"反帝"口号评析

在20世纪20年代的中国,国共两党曾共同高举反帝旗帜,但由于源自不同的政治理念与思想资源,双方对反帝口号内涵的理解并不一致,在合作过程中对于反帝问题也时有摩擦。在一个相同的政治口号之下,国共两党实际上执行着不同的反帝策略。     

学术自由与制度保障——以中央研究院为例

民国时期的中央研究院,从创制思想、机构设置到制度运行,逐步形成了一套较为完备和运行良好的学术自由制度体系.这样的安排,使中央研究院成为近代中国充分尊重学术自由,并予以制度保障的典范.但是,由于国民政府的干预,加上各种因素的影响,中央研究院事实上所能维护和保障的,也只能是院内的一片"自由"的天空.     

同光年间州县官选任制度的嬗变

同治光绪年间,由于捐纳、保举的扩张,州县候选人员激增,流品混杂。与此同时,各省督抚选用州县官常常不拘文法,突破成例。在上述背景下,清廷力图从多方面进行整顿,但多不能行。这一时期州县官选任制度的变化虽然只是在旧制基础上的渐变,然而这些问题却成为清末新政时期铨选制度改革的内在动因。     

关于“满洲国”外交承认的几个理论问题

伪满洲国是世界反法西斯战争期间历时最长的伪政权,其控制范围也在日本、德国扶植的其他伪政权之上。伪满洲国存在期间,总计有二十余个国家和政权对其宣布承认。本文拟从多个角度深入分析伪满洲国的承认问题,以揭示围绕这个伪政权展开的国际关系的全貌,同时意在丰富对这一问题的国际法认识。     

《1973年的弹子球》的孪生性——村上春树小说艺术论之一

《1973年的弹子球》是村上春树的“青春三部曲”的第二部,问世以来被批评界视为“过渡性”作品予以忽略。本文以作家的写作背景和文本为中心,认为这部作品是日本战后一代的生活经历的凝聚与提炼,从而构成了对形象内心世界的递进式的探索,在主题与艺术手法上均系《且听风吟》的姊妹篇。     

“Lachkabinett” und “großes Fest” der Physiker. Walter Grotrians “physikalischer Einakter” zu Max Plancks 80. Geburtstag

“Funhouse” and “Big Celebration” of the Physicists. Walter Grotrian's ?Physical One‐Act Play”? for Max Planck's 80th Birthday. On the occasion of Max Planck's 80th birthday on April 23, 1938, a “big celebration of the physicists” (großes Fest der Physiker) was celebrated at the Harnack‐House in Berlin. The festivities were organized by the German Physical Society. Part of the ceremony was a “Physical One‐act‐play” (Physikalischer Einakter) written by the Potsdam astrophysicist Walter Grotrian. The actors of the humorous play were chief protagonists in the development of quantum theory such as Debye, Sommerfeld and Heisenberg. In this essay we analyze Grotrian's drama against the background of both the festive event and the professional and social setting of the physicists. We argue that below the level of comedy a number of characteristic and normally unexpressed aspects of the epistemic culture of the German physics by the end of the nineteen‐thirties is treated in the play.     

NORBERT ELIAS,THE CIVILIZING PROCESS: SOCIOGENETIC AND PSYCHOGENETIC INVESTIGATIONS—AN OVERVIEW AND ASSESSMENT

Norbert Elias's The Civilizing Process, which was published in German in 1939 and first translated into English in two volumes in 1978 and 1982, is now widely regarded as one of the great works of twentieth‐century sociology. This work attempted to explain how Europeans came to think of themselves as more “civilized” than their forebears and neighboring societies. By analyzing books about manners that had been published between the thirteenth and eighteenth centuries, Elias observed changing conceptions of shame and embarrassment with respect to, among other things, bodily propriety and violence. To explain those developments, Elias examined the interplay among the rise of state monopolies of power, increasing levels of economic interconnectedness among people, and pressures to become attuned to others over greater distances that led to advances in identifying with others in the same society irrespective of social origins. Elias's analysis of the civilizing process was not confined, however, to explaining changing social bonds within separate societies. The investigation also focused on the division of Europe into sovereign states that were embroiled in struggles for power and security. This article provides an overview and analysis of Elias's principal claims in the light of growing interest in this seminal work in sociology. The analysis shows how Elias defended higher levels of synthesis in the social sciences to explain relations between “domestic” and “international” developments, and changes in social structure and in the emotional lives of modern people. Elias's investigation, which explained long‐term processes of development over several centuries, pointed to the limitations of inquiries that concentrate on short‐term intervals. Only by placing short‐term trends in long‐term perspective could sociologists understand contemporary developments. This article maintains that Elias's analysis of the civilizing process remains an exemplary study of long‐term developments in Western societies over the last five centuries.     

1918～1926年日本政府改善中国留日学生政策初探

日本政府在1918～1926年的大正中后期一改此前相对冷漠的中国留日学生政策,支持成立"日华学会",颁布改善中国留日学生待遇的系列法案,退还部分庚款建立中国留日学生学费补给制度等。其原因主要来自中国留日学生日益剧烈的反日斗争和欧美各国争夺中国留学生教育权的国际压力,以及本国各界人士要求反省和改进中国留日学生政策的呼吁与建议。因此,这些政策虽在客观上为中国留日学生的学习和生活提供了方便,但并未改变日本政府通过留日学生培养中日亲善意识和亲日分子以配合侵华扩张政策的主观目的,所以具有明显的功利性、选择性、象征性和国际性特点。