Shifting narrative strategies: How monument advocates change their stories in response to conflict over time

This paper expands the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) by employing an exploratory case study approach to examine the construction of narratives temporally. A large-N Twitter dataset concerning the Bears Ears and Grand Staircase-Escalante monuments controversy is utilized to examine the question: how does the use of narrative strategies change over time? Through the application of change-point analysis, we determine time points of significant shifts towards use of the devil-angel shift, scope of the conflict, and causal mechanism strategies. Overall, we find that organizations do not vary their use of narrative strategies over the course of a policy conflict but instead demonstrate discrete changes in response to certain policy events. Based on our findings, we conclude with suggestions for refining and expanding NPF hypotheses. Specifically, we recommend a more contextual analysis of shifts in narrative strategy use in response to specific events over time.     

屈家岭文化中的儿童埋葬方式探析

新石器时代对于儿童的埋葬方式在一定程度上反映出先民精神文化面貌。屈家岭文化是长江中游的一种考古学文化,在所发现的众多的遗址中,对于儿童的埋葬方式主要采取两种:一种是土坑葬,另一种就是较为多见的瓮棺葬。选取一些典型的文化遗址,分不同的类型从埋葬方式、葬具、葬坑等方面入手,进行深入的分析和研究,探讨其内涵和意义。     

Otosclerosis and stapedial footplate fixation in archaeological material

A total of 1164 temporal bones from various cemetery sites in England were examined using a fibre optic endoscope. Eight bones were found to have evidence of otosclerosis in which proliferative new bone fixes the footplate of the stapes into the oval window, causing deafness. A prevalence of 0.9 per cent in this study is comparable with the incidence found in modern white populations and with that found in a study of 2760 Lithuanian temporal bones of various periods.     

旅游景区主题策划

主题策划是旅游景区开发的关键所在,任何一个旅游景区都应有其特定的主题。旅游规划中我们常常发现一个旅游景区可供选择的主题线索非常多,如何提炼出既能体现景区资源特色,又能迎合旅游市场需求的主题类型是旅游景区开发中的首要问题。本文对旅游景区主题策划的方法作了初步的探讨,在此基础上建立旅游景区主题策划的模式,以指导旅游景区开发实践。     

Diameter of the human internal acoustic meatus and sex determination

We report the results of testing the diameter of the internal opening of the acoustic canal in the petrous part of the temporal bone for sex determination of skeletal remains. The method involves measuring the diameter using a suite of ordinary drills. The method is very simple and has the great advantage of utilising one of the sturdiest bone elements of the human skeleton. The method may be especially useful for the analyses of very fragmented skeletal remains or cremated bones, where the petrous bone may still be readily recognisable. The method was tested using a forensic sample of 113 left petrous bones with known sex. Intra‐ and inter‐observer testing was also performed. We found a statistically significant difference in diameter between males and females (means: males: 3.7 mm; females: 3.4 mm; P < 0.009). However, the low predictive value (70%) for correct sexing using two sectioning points ( < 3.0 mm = female; >3.5 mm = male) was disappointing. No additional accuracy was gained by employing both left and right petrous bones (a bilateral sample of 60 petrous bones was also tested), although left and right side diameter is highly correlated (R = 0.778; P = 0.0001). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

上海市区有老人家庭居住需求与居住分异

上海是我国第一个进入老年型人口结构的城市。随着年龄的增长、生理心理状况的变化,老人对住宅的需求有一定的特殊性。居家养老模式下,老人的居住状况直接影响老人晚年的生活质量。以老人与子女居住空间距离为标准,可分为共居型、网络型和分离型三种居住类型。受经济、社会、文化及健康状况的影响,上海市区有老人家庭存在居住地段、住宅类型、住宅环境、社区为老服务等方面的分异。     

试论延长旅游地生命周期的模式

Butler的旅游地生命周期模式主要是一种旅游地生命周期的自然生长模式。但随着旅游业的深入发展,一个旅游地的生命周期是可以进行人为的控制和调整的,以亲身参与的两个案例进行了比较。对如何评估旅游地所处的生命周期的阶段,提出了相应的参考指标,为开发者及早发现旅游地存在的问题,研究对策,提供了帮助。     

中国传统社会骗子的思维方式研究

思维方式是社会实践的产物,社会主体从事不同的实践产生不同的思维方式。骗子作为一种社会角色、一种职业,在社会活动中经常地反映出其定型化的思维方式。其中,最常见的骗子思维方式,主要有以下几种：模糊性思维方式,动态性思维方式,系统性思维方式,揭示骗子思维方式的几种主要形态,为进一步研究中国传统社会中的骗子现象,提供了更加宽广的空间。     

面向复杂系统的旅游规划综合集成方法

对旅游规划方法论的探讨,一直是旅游规划学术界关注的主题。本文从研究旅游系统的特征入手,在认识到旅游系统是开放的复杂巨系统之基础上,指出应以研究开放的复杂巨系统之方法论--"从定性到定量综合集成方法"作为指导旅游规划实践的方法论,同时指出了该方法论的含义、特征、实质并提出了其运作的模式。     

Pig exploitation in the southern Kanto region,Japan

This study investigates changes in past human and animal relationships by focusing on pig (Sus scrofa) remains excavated from archaeological sites in southern Kanto, Japan. Pigs and humans have had a close relationship since prehistoric times and the process of change in this relationship, including possible domestication, is one of the major issues in Japanese zooarchaeology. This study attempts to gain a better understanding of the nature of past interaction between humans and pigs by investigating their relative importance compared with other vertebrate remains, kill‐off patterns, and changes in their size and shape at these sites. The materials used for this study date from the Earliest to Final Jomon (ca. 10,000–2500 BP), Yayoi (ca. 2500–1700 BP) and Kofun (ca. 1700–1300 BP) periods. The relative proportions of pigs were calculated to show the overall trend of pig exploitation in each site. Age at death was obtained based on the state of tooth eruption. Bucco‐lingual crown measurements were taken on the third and fourth premolars and on each cusp of the first and second molars of the mandible, and the logarithmic ratio technique was then applied to these data. The age structure of Sus varies between different sites in the Jomon Period, and significant changes were observed in the Yayoi and Kofun Periods. A decrease in the relative proportion of pigs in the faunal assemblages was observed from Jomon to Kofun. Three major differences were observed in the size of pigs. The overall size of pigs significantly increased from Early to Middle Jomon, whilst a decrease in size occurred in the Yayoi Period. Finally, overall size increased significantly during the Kofun Period. Together with the archaeological evidence—such as the ritual burial of pigs accompanying human burial—we suggest that the interaction between pigs and humans became gradually stronger at some sites during the Late Jomon Period, and the relationship intensified in the Yayoi Period. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.