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21.
    
The wrecking of the Falmouth Postal Packet Hanover in 1763 led to three legal disputes and two court cases—in 1766 and 1997. This article recounts the origins and course of these disputes. It examines what the resolution of the 18th‐century case and the second dispute has revealed of the law and practice of marine insurance in the mid 18th century. It further examines what the 20th‐century case has revealed concerning the tension between ancient principles of commercial salvage and modern principles of heritage protection. Somewhat fortuitously, the examination of the case provides an opportunity to advance a simple solution to this conflict.  相似文献   
22.
    
ABSTRACT

This paper proposes a classification of the risks threatening archaeological sites in southern Iraq and suggests some possible remediation to better preserve them. This has been possible thanks to a research methodology that combines remote sensing and ground control on a sample of 558 sites documented by the Iraqi-Italian QADIS survey project. A three-tier typological framework has been created illustrating the risks jeopardising the cultural heritage of the region. This research showed that the most impacting risks are the ones caused by agricultural activity, despite current narratives which mainly focus on looting and violent destruction. To get at the root of the problem, current laws protecting cultural heritage in Iraq are analysed, as well as how the cultural authorities are organised on the ground. Improving the organisation of the SBAH, engaging the local communities towards the issue of sites’ protection and introducing preventive archaeology are among the solutions proposed.  相似文献   
23.
中国现代化进程中的生态困境   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
田宪臣 《攀登》2011,30(6):57-60
中国在建设社会主义现代化的进程中,对环境保护做了很多有益的尝试,但依然而临着严峻的生态困境。各种类型的自然灾害、重大环境污染和生态破坏事件频发;随着城市化进程的不断加快,城市所面临的环境危机也日益凸显;环境保护的政策与治理虽有改进,但进展缓慢,中国生态恢复和环境保护的前景不容乐观。为此,必须转变经济发展方式,实现经济、社会和环境的协调发展。  相似文献   
24.
‘Consumption’ is a central concept in the global environmental sustainability agenda. However, one important argument from Agenda 21 — that all social actors must now practise ‘sustainable consumption’— has been publicly and politically marginalised in high‐income countries such as Australia. Geographers potentially have a role in bringing consumption back onto the agenda by constructing a critical geography of consumption. Such research can help understand how the contextual use of natural resources is perceived and practised, and how consumption helps to shape contemporary social relations. This body of knowledge is vital for building sustainable development into everyday lives. Yet a focus on urban consumption perceptions and practices appears somewhat lacking in Australian geography. Ways forward can be drawn from international geography, such as in the United Kingdom where a substantial body of work has drawn a complex picture of contemporary consumption and environmental understanding. It has also challenged prevailing ‘ecological modernisation’ policy approaches, which ignore consumption's cultural facets. In sum, considering consumption in Australia can offer insights into cultural practices expressed through consumption; can challenge and add to European geographical literatures, and can also contribute to sustainability debates by offering alternatives to currently ineffective policy discourses.  相似文献   
25.
    
Human geographers have explored at some length the discourses and subject positions implicated in the recent rise of ‘environmental responsibility’. Assigning it either as an individual disposition enacted in various spaces, a performative ‘othering’ tool, and/or a form of ecological governmentality, these debates have said little about the role of research and researchers in encouraging environmental responsibility. Utilising arguments from William James’ ‘radical empiricism’, I argue that exploring practices through a pragmatist lens enables a tentative re-envisioning of environmental responsibility. Re-visiting my doctoral research into the household-level adoption of sustainable consumption practices, I claim environmental responsibility as an ethical experience felt at the moments when practices are reconsidered. Here, my presence played a vital role in this social experimentation, which, as pragmatists argue, is the fundamental basis of positive social change.  相似文献   
26.
    
The spatial organization of economic activities in the Pacific Rim has been significantly changed with the increase of international trade and FDIs and the emergence of cross-border regional economic zones or growth triangles in the Pacific Rim, especially in the Asian Pacific Rim. Localization and globalization of industries with various inter-firm relations have developed in the North American Pacific Rim. In this article, cooperative networking strategies, instead of rapid growth strategies, are suggested for the sustainable industrial development of the Pacific Rim. Inter-firm cooperative networking and localization, regional networking and regional industrial space, inter-regional networking and international economic integration, and networking the Pacific Rim are discussed as cooperative strategies of the spatial organization in the Pacific Rim for sustainable development.  相似文献   
27.
    
Although generally distinct from continental environments, and therefore of interest in their own right, island environments have been generally misunderstood, misinterpreted, and mismanaged. The main reason is that they have been interpreted for management purposes largely by continent‐trained observers. An example of views towards island size is given. It is argued that the pejorative label ‘small’ should no longer be used to characterise islands. The ways in which island environments have been impacted by humans and their commensals is given. Questions of the sustainable development of island environments are also considered, including for whom these should be sustainable, how extraneous threats like sea‐level rise are best incorporated into such plans, and what threats are posed to the rest of the world by mega‐tsunami from certain island environments. Island environments are best managed by persons who understand their distinct character and who are committed to their future.  相似文献   
28.
成都市新都区新石器时代晚期土坑墓提取与保护   总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0  
2008年1月,成都文物考古研究所与成都市新都区文物管理所在对一新石器时代晚期聚落遗址进行的考古发掘中,清理出土了二座竖穴土坑墓,其中M1墓葬人骨基本完整,具有较高的研究价值,但因年代久远和有害环境的影响,骨质已粉化,不便于直接提取人骨。为了有效地保护这一新石器时期人类骨骸,为后期的科学研究保存下这一珍贵的实物资料。决定采取套箱法对整座土坑墓进行提取的方式保护人骨,经过多方试验,确定采用A305黏结剂修复骨架裂纹,用GSA-102保护剂,B365作加固进行保护。经观察表明,本次土坑提取与保护取得了良好效果,并制定了一套科学的保护方案。该土坑墓的成功提取和科学保护,为今后在潮湿环境中的古遗址保护提供了可供借鉴的经验。  相似文献   
29.
馆藏陶、瓷器文物的保护与修复,是文物保护与修复工作之一。由于各种原因,长期以来,全国从事陶、瓷器文物保护与修复的专业技术人员并不多,四川省博物馆在馆藏陶、瓷器文物的保护与修复工作中积累了一定的经验,因地制宜,探索出一套适合在四川地区潮湿气候环境下进行馆藏陶、瓷器文物的保护与修复的经验,以及如何正确选用保护材料和具体实施的方法与步骤。  相似文献   
30.
论中部地区在中国可持续发展中的独特功能   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
魏晓 《人文地理》2005,20(1):126-128
中国是一个幅员辽阔、环境多样、人口分布、社会经济水平区域差异大的国家。促进区域协调发展,是中国现代化建设中的一个重大战略问题。本文分析了中部地区的优势,论述了中部地区在中国可持续发展中的独特功能,指出中部地区是:①中国可持续发展的主要食品供应基地;②中国可持续发展的主要水源地、③中国可持续发展的主要能源地,④中国经济区域协调发展的中枢地带。为中国区域协调发展和可持续发展提供科学依据。中国的崛起必须是全领域发展,在开发西部地区的同时,必须把中部地区的开发提高到中国发展战略的高度来认识,充分发挥中部地区在中国可持续发展中的独特功能,进而推动中国的可持续发展。  相似文献   
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