Wasting Coconuts? Consumption Versus Commerce in Colonial Wallis and Futuna

ABSTRACT

Early colonial officials and other newcomers frequently lamented the poor copra production in Wallis and Futuna, positioning the continued consumption of coconuts by Islanders as a waste. This article explores the contested uses of coconuts and the divergent visions of the islands’ landscape and future held by Islanders, officials, missionaries and traders during opening decades of French colony rule. In particular, a variety of incidents in the 1920s – from an indigenous co-operative to French expulsions – highlight the centrality of the emergent copra trade to the social and political status of these different groups. More broadly, however, the article demonstrates the failure of elites – both indigenous and newcomer – to substantially increase copra exports prior to the Depression in 1930, indicative of the limits of their ability to demand labour and transform the lifeways of the wider population.     

British Diplomacy,Propaganda, and War Strategy and the Hungarian-Romanian Dispute over Transylvania in 1939–40

Abstract

Between 1914 and 1935, the cities of Vienna and Pressburg/Bratislava were linked by an electric railway known as the Pressburgerbahn. More than just a line of transportation, the railway became intertwined with the complex politics of identity in Pressburg. The Pressburgerbahn presented nationalists in the Habsburg Empire with a dilemma: it had the potential to contribute to the unification of the nation, but at the same time was transnational by definition. This paradox generated a heated controversy about the Pressburgerbahn between Magyar nationalists and the predominantly German-speaking Pressburg bourgeoisie. Using biologized rhetoric, Hungarian politicians and journalists portrayed their nation as a body politic that was disfigured by having a railway ‘vein’ cross the border into Austria, in particular from such a peripheral location as Pressburg. By contrast, the discourse of the German-speaking bourgeoisie was firmly anchored in an imperial, supra-ethnic landscape. This controversy was replayed following the incorporation of the renamed city of Bratislava into Czechoslovakia in 1919: the Prague-based Ministry of Railways employed the rhetoric of the railway as an integrating structure within the body politic, while the eventual closure of the Pressburgerbahn in 1935 was closely connected to the belated nationalization of Bratislava. The railway to Vienna thus became a symbol of the liminal status of the town as a whole, in terms of nation, geography, politics and culture.     

山东省农业发展战略问题探讨

本文在分析山东农业发展的优劣势、现状、基本特点及存在问题的基础上,探讨了其农业发展的总体战略与应采取的基本措施。     

江苏省区域经济差异与发展战略演变初探

改革开放以来,江苏省分别实施了区域均衡发展、非均衡发展、区域共同发展和苏北大发展战略,造成了各区域间经济增长速度的差异,导致区域经济发展失衡,其主要表现为苏南、苏中与苏北三大经济区域间的差异和县域经济差异的不断扩大。在分析了现阶段江苏省沿江开发战略对区域发展差异的影响,立足区域整合的角度,提出加快沿江开发与苏北互动发展的对策与措施,以期实现江苏省区域经济的协调发展,扭转南北经济差异进一步扩大的趋势。     

赤峰市旅游市场定位与营销策略研究

本文对赤峰市旅游市场现状进行系统分析发现:该区旅游市场结构以国内旅游者占绝对优势;旅游者以中青年居多,其分布表现出时间上的高度集中性和空间上的近距离性,行为特征表现为休闲观光比重大、散客多、逗留时间短等。针对这些特征,笔者从空间定位与类型定位两方面对赤峰市旅游市场进行探讨,将区内客源市场细分,确立了三级客源市场,提出不仅要将目标市场定位在拥有双休日的中青年市场,同时应该关注6-9月份有闲暇时间的青少年市场、老年市场、学生市场和教师市场等。文章最后从产品策略、价格策略、形象策略和促销策略等四个方面进行了相应的营销策略研究,并将赤峰市的旅游产品从深度和广度上进行组合,设计出\"八大旅游区\"和\"八条精品旅游线\"。     

东北老工业基地信息化战略研究

以信息化带动工业化,以工业化促进信息化,是我国今后二十年内实现工业化的必由之路,今年是实施信息化带动工业化战略的启动年,东北地区是我国重要的老工业基地,本文以东北老工业基地作为实证研究,提出东北老工业基地信息化发展战略,对于研究信息化带动工业化的战略具有典型意义。     

试论浙东海滨黄金旅游线的构建

浙江东部海滨位于长江三角洲南侧,旅游资源十分丰富,种类繁多。本文通过浙东地区旅游资源与市场分析认为:在海滨旅游市场中要具有更大的竞争力,应该走向联合开发,形成更紧密联系的旅游线。开发战略上,应采取三大战略:空间战略中,应立足国家级风景区、联络周边旅游线、加快浙东中部海滨旅游资源开发;形象战略中,应利用品牌效应宣传旅游形象,立足旅游资源特色,提出适当旅游形象营销口号和主题词;产品战略中,应以区域特色为前提,以分层定制为产品构成方法,形成多种多样的旅游产品。