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Ian Inkster 《国际历史评论》2013,35(2):356-364
In 1953 Israel abandoned the ‘defensive–offensive’ military strategy that it had adopted four years earlier, in the wake of the First Arab–Israeli War, in favor of an ‘offensive–defensive’ military strategy that, to a large extent, persists until this day. This paper, which employs previously untapped Israeli official documents, personal interviews, memoirs, biographies, and secondary sources, casts new light on this critical juncture in the history of Israel and the Arab–Israeli conflict. The paper challenges existing works by showing when and how Israel's ‘offensive–defensive’ military strategy was adopted. More specifically, the authors argue that it was the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), especially its planning bodies - and not the Prime Minister and Defense Minister, David Ben Gurion, or the IDF's Chief of Staff, Lieutenant General Moshe Dayan - that initiated this change, and that the new strategy met no objection when it was discussed and approved by the Israeli government. The authors also inquire about the possible implications of this change for Israel and the Arab–Israeli conflict, and ask how this case informs general debates regarding the origins of military strategies. 相似文献
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联邦海军在美国内战中担负着打击叛乱势力和防范外来干涉的双重任务。尤其是在内战初期陆上战局不利、存在明显外来干涉危险的形势下,联邦海军有效地发挥了其国防屏障作用和战略威慑功能,在遏制英国干涉图谋的过程中发挥了重要作用。及时把握住技术变革所带来的历史机遇,以技术创新弥补整体实力的差距,是联邦海军反干涉战略得以成功的前提,战略的内核则体现为立足本国国情、实施积极防御和有限威慑的务实路线。 相似文献
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思想政治课教学的心理问题,应引起人们的高度重视;教学心理误区值得人们深刻反思。政治教师要有意识的应用教育学、心理学的原理于教学活动之中,努力创造良好的心理氛围,跨越心理误区,使思想政治课教学实现新的飞跃。 相似文献
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《Journal of Modern Chinese History》2013,7(1):17-34
As a leader of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek carried on Sun Yat-sen's legacy of using diplomacy as a force in the modern era and planned to rely on diplomacy to revise China's unequal treaties with foreign powers. Chiang elaborated on Sun's ideas and maintained that diplomacy as a war without battles worked more effectively than wars with battles. Faced with the threat of Japanese invasion, he upheld the strategy of using one foreign country to control another. He expected the outbreak of a war between Japan and the Soviet Union or between Japan and the United States so that a war between Japan and China could be avoided. Chiang engaged in active diplomacy aimed at turning these expectations into reality. His diplomatic strategy had an impact during the Anti-Japanese War. 相似文献
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优先发展公共交通是破解我国城市交通困境的唯一方法,是建立"两型"社会的科学要求,是城市可持续发展的必由之路。从香港公共交通系统发展历程、规划设计和运营管理等视角,归纳总结了其成功经验和发展趋势,即从中心区走向市域、从道路走向轨道、从线网拓展走向服务提升、从行政干预走向法制保障、从环境污染走向环境友好。并针对我国城市公交发展现状,从社会人文、城市规划、科技体制等方面提出了:以人为本、公交城市、持续发展、系统协调、科技引领、体制建设的发展策略,以期为我国城市交通的新一轮跨越式发展提供参考依据。 相似文献
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在经济全球化背景下,知识产权与对外贸易具有十分密切的联系,知识产权既是对外贸易的重要内容,也是各国开展对外贸易的核心竞争力所在,知识产权保护更是推动了对外贸易的发展。中国企业出口产品的知识产权含量亟待提高,在货物贸易和服务贸易方面均有体现,区域性不均衡特点也十分明显。要转变中国对外贸易的发展模式,就要结合各区域对外贸易的特点,强化知识产权战略的指导作用,加强对知识产权的战略性创造、运用和保护,推动区域对外贸易的可持续发展。 相似文献
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沿海地区经济发展战略作为一个关系到整个国民经济全局的重大决策,是贯彻邓小平“部分先富带后富”思想的重大举措,也是基于改革开放新形势的正确选择。其基本内涵,不仅是沿海地区要发展外向型经济,而且更重要的是沿海地区要率先发展起来,影响和带动全国经济的发展。这一新战略的实施,有力地促进了改革和开放的有机结合,不仅开创了我国国民经济发展的新局面,也成为新时期中国工业化发展道路探索的新起点。 相似文献
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饭店企业人力资源战略模式探析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选择正确的战略模式是实现人力资源管理效益最大化的关键条件。饭店企业应针对不同岗位、不同贡献的员工采取不同的管理策略,才能协调好控制成本与培训人才、员工流动和质量稳定之间的关系,最大限度地发挥智力资本在饭店价值链中的关键作用。 相似文献