1982-2000年中国人力资本受教育程度空间变化研究

1982-2000年三次人口普查反映中国人口受教育程度具有较大的变化,但其在时空上分布具有其特点:在时间上大学、高中非义务教育人口增长速度呈加速趋势,人口的受教育程度在质和量的明显改善;在空间上具有南北、东西发展差异,以东西差异为主,东西地带性差异比南北地带性差异大,人口的受教育程度空间差距正在逐渐缩小,南北差距的收敛速度快于东西。在运动趋势上,1980年代受教育人口的运动趋势与经济运动方向一致,1990年代出现受教育人口的运动趋势与经济运动方向在南北方向一致,而东西方向相反的趋势。     

从东西方历史建筑的差异看东西方文明

东西方历史建筑在建筑材料、建筑类型、空间布局、发展演变和留存时间等诸多方面存在差异。究其原因,二者在自然环境、经济模式、宗教思想、社会意识和自然观方面的不同特点是造成这些差异产生的主要原因,而这些差异也体现了东西方文明的不同风格。     

“Mongrel City”: Cosmopolitan Neighbourliness in a Delhi Squatter Settlement

Abstract: This paper examines the construction of a “cosmopolitan neighbourliness” which emerges in a Delhi squatter settlement in the context of communal violence. Through interviews with over 80 inhabitants, I suggest that an openness to “others” in the settlement is produced in order to construct a home for oneself in an exclusionary city through a series of relational constructs—between the “cosmopolitan” city and the “parochial” village; between the “murderous” city and the “compassionate” slum; between the exclusionary urban public sphere and the “inclusive” neighbourhood sphere. The squatter settlement is internalised as a microcosm of a “mongrel city”, a place which through its set of oppositional constructs becomes inherently “urban”. “Cosmopolitan neighbourliness”, however, remains fragile and gendered. It is a continuous strategic practice that attempts to bridge across differences of caste and religion through gendered performances that avert and discourage communal violence even when the city becomes murderous.     

“The Dirty Scruff”: Relief and the Production of the Unemployed in Depression‐era British Columbia

Abstract: In this article, I examine this nexus between the social and political meaning of unemployment and the political responses that follow. I focus on Depression‐era Vancouver and investigate the broad ideologies, representations and practices that contributed to the derision of the unemployed, which in turn, informed the establishment of rural relief camps that aimed to address the unemployment crisis of the 1930s. The social and political meaning of unemployment shaped the contours of the Federal Unemployment Relief Scheme, which housed men in work camps and aimed to both discipline and rehabilitate the unemployed. However, the relief camps were plagued by several contradictions exploited by the Relief Camp Workers Union, which constructed oppositional understandings of unemployment. In discussing the relationship between unemployment and relief I attend to questions of space, highlighting the urbanisation of unemployment and the ideological distinctions between the city and the country.     

In/different cities: a case for contact at the margins

Long before embarking on the academic life of a geographer, I made films about cities. In the following essay, I reflect on a series of my short films, shot in the magical aesthetic of super8 film, which meditate on themes that continue to preoccupy and interest many urban geographers, in particular, the dialectic between social life and the built landscape of contemporary urban space. A central argument suggested by these cinematic excursions is that the margins of urban space share an immediate homology with the margins of the social self and that experiencing difference in spatial life is a political and social good analogous to regular encounter with difference in the lives of strangers. Such experiences of difference, these films suggest, are under threat in the neoliberal city in which gentrification, privatisation, labour deregulation and urban policing increasingly homogenise and politically neutralise the social landscape. The films can be viewed at http://www.brettstory.com/category/films-video/     

3. RADICALIZING TEMPORAL DIFFERENCE: ANTHROPOLOGY,POSTCOLONIAL THEORY,AND LITERARY TIME

This article is an attempt to address on a theoretical level an antinomy in postcolonial approaches to the question of temporal difference. Current scholarship tends both to denounce the way in which the others of the Western self are placed notionally in another time than the West and not only analytically affirm but indeed valorize multiple temporalities. I elaborate on the two problematic temporal frameworks—linear developmentalism and cultural relativism—that belong to a colonial legacy and generate the antinomy in question, and then proceed to discuss possible alternatives provided by a Koselleck‐inspired approach to historical time as inherently plural. I thereby make two central claims: (1) postcolonial conceptions of multiple temporalities typically, if tacitly, associate time with culture, and hence risk reproducing the aporias of cultural relativism; (2) postcolonial metahistorical critique is commonly premised on a simplified and even monolithic understanding of Western modernity as an ideology of “linear progress.” Ultimately, I suggest that the solution lies in radicalizing, not discarding, the notion of multiple temporalities. Drawing on the Brazilian classic Os sertões as my key example, I also maintain that literary writing exhibits a unique “heterochronic” (in analogy with “heteroglossic”) potential, enabling a more refined understanding of temporal difference.     

Not Everyone Has (the) Balls: Urban Exploration and the Persistence of Masculinist Geography

In geographic scholarship, urban exploration (urbex) has been examined as an embodied practice with radical potential for re‐appropriating urban spaces. However, geographic literature on urban exploration has largely ignored the particular qualities of the urban explorer as a subject and neglected feminist scholarship on embodiment and social difference. Based on our examination of both popular and academic treatments of urbex we identify a prevalent and largely unacknowledged culture of masculinism. We ask: Whose bodies explore? What counts as experience? What constitutes the exchange between body and place? And, with what effects? Addressing these questions permits considerations of exclusions and marginalizations left unaddressed in much geographic literature on urbex.     

Events,Social Memories,and Community in a Final Bronze Age Building’s Biography at Sant’Aniceto,Calabria, Italy

Archaeologists investigating Middle Bronze to Early Iron Age periods (1600–900 b.c.) in southern Italy often explore linkages between emerging inequality and foreign trade connections, establishing a coupled trope of “change emerges from external forces” and “waiting for civilization to arrive”. Based on excavations at the Recent/Final Bronze and Early Iron Ages (RFBA/IA, 1200–900 b.c.) site of Sant’Aniceto in Calabria, we offer an alternative narrative in which hierarchy and institutionalized inequality held little sway in this community. By employing a building biography approach, we examine the variety of ways people sustain their communities through the creation and value of difference (e.g., age, knowledge, or skill) that characterize daily life, even when political hierarchy is absent. Our research at Sant’Aniceto centers on understanding the locally-grounded experiences and lives of people by approaching social difference through the lens of the materialities of everyday life.     

广东佛教文化景观及其地域分异初探

在分析文献典籍的基础上,通过从物质文化景观和非物质文化景观两个角度对广东佛教文化景观的剖析比较,以解读广东佛教文化景观的地域分异和形成原因。研究结果表明:广东佛教早在汉代即已传入,后随交通线和区域开发进程演变。在传播时间上,珠三角地区佛教传入最早,粤北和粤东北次之,粤东南潮汕地区则最迟;在空间分布上,广东佛教呈现明显的空间的分异现象,将广东佛教文化划分为三大文化区:广府、客家和福佬佛教文化区,分别以广州、韶关和潮州为中心,并在佛教信徒数量和比例关系及寺院规模等层面存在明显差别;在佛教文化景观表现上,三大佛教文化区呈现出具有地域特色的佛教文化景观,突出地表现在佛教建筑风格、语言、音乐和民俗层面。而佛教文化景观的形成和演化深刻反映着广东对外交通条件、区域开发进程和水平及地理环境的差异。     

欠发达区特色种植型村域经济发展时空变化——以河南省十里铺村为例

特色种植业的发展对传统农区产业结构的调整、农民收入水平的提高、村域经济的发展具有十分重要的推动作用。以十里铺村特色种植及其周边时空扩散为例,阐述欠发达农区在地方政府支持下特色种植业的时空变化轨迹,形成"基地×农户"型村域经济发展模式。实地调查发现,十里铺村特色种植的时空变化阶段明显:受亲缘、区位、交通等影响,依次呈现出兴起、壮大、稳定的演变轨迹;空间上表现出初始的点状分布、快速扩散、稳定增长三个扩散阶段。为社会主义新农村建设支撑的产业体系提供一定借鉴。