中国历史上的两次社会转型式改革

我国封建时代一些持续不断的改革基本上是修补式的、局部的、单项的改革,而社会制度转型方面的改革只有商鞅变法和戊戌变法,商鞅变法是我国封建时代唯一成功的社会转型式改革。戊戌变法拉开了中国第二次社会转型的序幕,当代改革是戊戌变法以来面向现代化的未竟之社会转型的延续。     

Advances in Ceramic Ethnoarchaeology

Ceramic ethnoarchaeology has developed considerably since Kramer's (Kramer, 1985, Annual Review of Anthropology 14: 77–102) review. More sophisticated readings of social theory and analyses that consider multiple variables and levels of variability have led to better understandings of social boundaries. Perceptions of ceramic change are becoming increasingly sophisticated, thanks to more long-term projects as well as research that takes advantage of new opportunities, including historic collections and nontraditional settings. The newly developing ethnoarchaeology is contributing to general anthropological understandings of material culture and society.     

Materializing Identities: An African Perspective

Archaeological approaches to social boundaries are currently emphasizing the dynamic nature of processes thought which individuals construct, maintain, and negotiate their identity. Although the integration of such concepts has led to a more accurate reconstruction of past social boundaries, it has also revealed a need for more sophisticated ways of interpreting material culture. This paper is a step in that direction. Focusing on pottery chaînes opératoires and addressing questions about the salience and scale of particular behaviors, I seek to develop general propositions regarding the relationships between technological styles and aspects of social identity. To that end, I compare African pottery techniques at a subcontinental level and see whether there are recurrent patterns in their distribution and whether these can be related to specific social boundaries or historical processes of group formation.     

From Pottery to Politics: An Ethnoarchaeological Study of Political Factionalism, Ethnicity, and Domestic Pottery Style in the Ecuadorian Amazon

A long-standing assumption in archaeological theory is that pottery in the domestic context represents a form of passive style that does not enter into symbolic communication in the political domain. This paper presents ethnoarchaeological data to establish a link between women's active political behavior and pottery style in the domestic context in a small-scale, segmental society in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Analysis of individual variables of style shows that Achuar and Quichua women signify their political alliances in the painted decoration of their domestic pottery more strongly than they signify so-called passive processes of learning associated with early enculturation and ethnicity. Furthermore, analysis of women's judgments of pottery as Achuar or Quichua indicates that they decode cues to political alliances in the pottery of other women, including cues to political differences within and between groups. The theoretical implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the principles underlying women's stylistic behavior as part of the political processes involved in the construction and maintenance of social identity and social boundaries.     

人文地理学新思维

本文从社会变革的角度审视人文地理学学科的发展。指出:传统思维的局限性源起于传统社会的运行特征。伟大的社会变革为人文地理学转变思维引来了契。新的思维体现在实证方法的主体地位的确立、规范方法与实证方法相分离、中层理论研究的加强、参与能力的强化、服务对象和目的的多元化、政策研究的意义、研究领域的拓展等。     

苏南乡村社会生活空间特点及机制分析

江苏以其文化、历史与经济闻名于中国与世界,苏南是它的一个典型代表。开放的苏南乡村以其丰富的文化、悠久的历史和发达的经济而在全国乡村处举足轻重地位。研究其社会生活空间有它的必要性和现实意义。文章将基于自然生活空间并由村民的各种行为活动轨迹组成的苏南乡村社会生活空间划分为五种类型,它们分别是市场贸易生活空间、生产劳动生活空间、文化教育生活空间、家庭婚姻生活空间、社会交往生活空间。通过对各种生活空间特点分析,进而探索了促使苏南乡村社会生活空间形成机制,得出了\"人的观点的转变是最重要的因素\"这样的结论,为苏中、苏北乃至全国乡村社会经济的发展提供借鉴。     

基于资本与场域理论的徽州地名变迁的社会响应与内在机理研究

立足社会大转型语境,收集有关徽州建制与地名变更争议的网络素材,借鉴批判范式、结合场域与社会记忆理论、采用语义网络分析对徽州地名变迁的社会响应与内在机理进行阐释.发现:社会响应存在明显的社群差异.婺源第一次改隶时民间强烈反抗并起到效果,第二次改隶后为多数民众所认可.媒体人群体、专家学者、普通民众与地方政府对徽州更名与复名...