关于我国旅游业国际竞争力的思考

研究旅游业国际竞争力具有十分重要的意义。本用波特国家竞争优势理论对我国旅游业国际竞争力现状进行了分析,认为我国旅游业虽具有某些优势,但现有的国际竞争力较弱。同时,作认为研究旅游业国际竞争力应具有多相测度。     

百年来的"春秋决狱"研究评析

百年来关于“春秋决狱”的研究,成果卓著,学者们为此而付出了不懈地努力。笔者收集这些零散的学术观点和相关资料,进行归纳整理,对其肯定成绩,找出问题,意在为以后的研究选准突破口,奠定良好基础。     

THE CONCEPT OF CRITICAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (EA) EDUCATION

The paper explores the role of education in environmental assessment (ea), identifies the range of techniques used to conduct ea education, and develops a rationale for the concept of critical ea education. The literature on public involvement in ea indicates that public education plays a significant, but poorly defined, role in current thinking on public involvement and reveals a diverse range of education techniques. To clarify the role that education can potentially play in the ea process, consideration of the theories of critical pedagogy and transformative learning led to the concept of critical ea education. Empirical support for critical ea education is presented through consideration of the recent Manitoba ea case involving the Pembina Valley Water Supply System. Nonparametric statistical analysis of variables at work in the Pembina Valley case reveal strong correlations that support the principles of critical ea education. Cette communication explique le rôle que l'gducation joue dans l'haluation de I'environnement (EE), elle identifie la gamme de techniques utilisées dans cette éducation, et elle développe un raisonnement pour le concept de l'importance de l'gducation dans l'EE. La littgrature qui traite le rdle du public dans l'EE indique que l'gducation publique joue un rôle important, mais mal défini, dans la penske courante au sujet de la participation du public dans DE. Cette littgrature révde ggalement toute une gamme de techniques pgdagogiques. Afin de mettre à jour le rôle que l'gducation pourrait jouer dans 1'EE, une considgration des théories de l'gducation critique et de l'apprentissage de la transformation a abouti au concept de l'importance de l'éducation dans 1'EE. Nous présentons en tant qu'appui empirique de l'importance de l'gducation dans l'EE une discussion du cas récent au Manitoba qui concerne le Système deau de la vallée Pembina. Une analyse statistique non-parametrique des variables qui jouent un rôle dam ce cas révélent dimportantes corrdations qui servent à appuyer les principes de l'importance de l'bducation dans 1'EE.     

ANTAEUS Project for the Regional Vulnerability Assessment of the Current Building Stock in Historical Centers

This article presents a methodology for the seismic vulnerability assessment of current buildings, suitable for the study of historical centers at the regional scale. The applicability is demonstrated with reference to four case studies: the historical center of the city of Foggia (Italy) and three other small towns of this province, for a total of 4519 housing units. Field data were collected by several teams of technicians by means of a survey form, provided in electronic format. The subsequent data processing and drawing of vulnerability maps was performed using geographical information system (GIS) technology. The collected data were used also for the validation of the algorithm, by comparing the results with those of the methodology used by the Gruppo Nazionale per la Difesa dai Terremoti (GNDT [Italian National Group for Defense Against Earthquakes]), which is widely adopted in Italy. The results of the research study and the application showed some critical points, related to the poor nature of the information collected and to the reliability of the final results. These issues are analyzed and discussed, proposing a strategy for improving the methodology.     

Single Working-class Women and the City in Java and Vietnam

Through investigation into the lives of single migrant women who work as department store salesgirls in Surabaya and Ho Chi Minh City, this paper suggests that while commonalities exist with regard to their controlled use of beauty in the workplace, their lack of time and disposable income, and the temporary nature of their right to live in their respective cities as migrants, there are significant differences between them. These differences run contrary to conventional stereotypes of the “outspoken” Javanese woman and the “servile” Vietnamese woman, which in turn are based on stereotypes of the bilateral Southeast Asian kinship tradition and the patrilineal East Asian kinship tradition respectively. Taking into account the forces for and against conservative gender relations in both societies, this paper suggests that it is the Vietnamese working-class woman who exercises more power over how she lives in the city.     

Feeling sexual transgression: subjectivity,bodily experience,and non-normative hetero-erotic practices in women's cross-border sex in Costa Rica

Participating in sexual tourism and cross-border sex, heterosexual Euro-North American women are a targeted social group whereby accusations, such as ‘fucking gringa’, label them as sexual transgressors for violating multiple boundaries of heteronormativity. The complex power dynamics of women's cross-border sex are due to negotiations of race, gender, and class that are played out in specific locales and political economies of desire. Within these dynamics, women are agentive social actors and exert considerable sexual agency in their desires for local men who are positioned unevenly vis-à-vis tourist women's mobilities within erotic markets. Yet women's hetero-erotic sexual practices, which are experienced at the level of the body, cannot be assumed; looking at the lived experiences of women as sexual trangressors in these spaces promises to complicate non-normative heterosexuality and the gendered dynamics of (straight) transnational sex. Using critical ethnography and a performance approach to writing that places subjectivity at the center of the ethnographic record and analysis, this article conveys an ‘insider’ or emic account of women's transnational sex taking place in a Caribbean region of Costa Rica renown for women's sexual and romance tourism. In taking this approach, I aim to show how heterosexuality, hetero-erotic practices, and cross-border sex are not always what they seem and a glimpse into ‘the subjects’ worlds in their words' (Madison, Soyini. 2005. Critical Ethnography: Method, Ethics, and Performance. London: Sage, 174) has implications for theory concerned with the body and performance as fundamental to the social production of sexual transgression.     

Erotics,love and violence: European women's travels in the northeast of Brazil

In this article I analyze the cross-border sexual and affective relationships women from diverse European countries form with local men in two coastal touristic villages of the state of Ceará, in the northeast of Brazil. Drawing on ethnographic research I consider how, in the frame of ambiguous sexual, economic, and affective exchanges, violence intertwines with erotics and with notions of love. I take the women's narratives as the central reference. My main argument is that the delight provoked by the transformation of their erotic subjectivities and the idea of rehearsing new forms of heterosexual relatedness, which involve what they consider unusual forms of love, feed the ambiguities pervading their relationships with local men, making these women unaware of the economic aspects involved in their relationships and of occasional hostility and subalternization to which they are subjected. Only in the frame of the acute increase in the tensions provoked by the change in these women's status from tourists to foreign residents, they label their partner's economic demands as exploitative and their actions as violence.     

Teaching introductory GIS programming to geographers using an open source Python approach

Computer programming is not commonly taught to geographers as a part of geographic information system (GIS) courses, but the advent of NeoGeography, big data and open GIS means that programming skills are becoming more important. To encourage the teaching of programming to geographers, this paper outlines a course based around a series of laboratories that aims to provide an introduction to programming. Methods for teaching and assessment are recommended. These laboratories use core spatial concepts that are relevant for all areas of geographic study, and use an open source Python approach that has wider logistical and pedagogical benefits.     

New Indices for the Existing City-Centers Streets Network Reliability and Availability Assessment in Earthquake Emergency

During earthquake emergencies in existing city-centers, streets network permits inhabitants to reach safe areas, and rescuers to access damaged zones and help population. However, the network can suffer from blocks due to debris of collapsed or heavily damaged buildings. Understanding urban fabric modifications and classifying elements vulnerability are fundamental steps while dealing with risk-assessment and risk-reduction strategies. This article offers a first quick approach for assessing seismic vulnerability of paths network by considering interferences with building heritage damages. Quick data about existing urban fabric (e.g., buildings typology; streets and buildings geometries) are combined for developing new vulnerability indices for streets network. The earthquake macroseismic intensity is introduced for evaluating probable street blockages and summarizing the overall rating of risks in critical network locations, thus intensity that is not included in other current quick methods for streets-building interference is here taken into account. Risk-reduction strategies based on the proposed indices could minimize the interventions on architectural heritage, maximizing the safety of evacuees. These new indices could be combined with traditional assessment of buildings vulnerability, and evaluations on pedestrians’ and vehicles evacuation flows, for evaluating management strategies.