国内经济型酒店服务创新比较研究

伴随着经济型酒店的迅猛发展,各品牌的经济型酒店间竞争日益激烈。本文选取了品牌经济型酒店中13个典型的酒店作为样本,通过文献分析、对点评内容分析和实地调研分析发现各品牌经济型酒店间存在的差异,归纳构建出经济型酒店创新评价体系,并以此为基础,进一步利用专家打分法和问卷评分为各项创新项目评分,最终获得13个样本酒店的创新得分。通过分析发现以下结论：（1）从品牌市场占有率排名和创新得分的关系上可以看出,经济型酒店业的竞争手段主要依赖于规模的扩张,而非对服务的创新,这是行业成长期的主要表现;（2）比较延伸品牌与母品牌的创新得分可以发现,借助于品牌的管理经验和共享的预订平台,经济型酒店在品牌延伸过程中,品牌范围经济效应明显;（3）高端经济型酒店服务创新水平明显较高,但受商业模式限制,经济型酒店仅能在最重要的部分进行有限的创新。     

服务业区位论:概念、理论及研究框架

二战以来,随着世界经济服务化进程加快,国内外学者越来越关注服务业区位理论的研究,但迄今为止,国内外学术界至今没有形成完整的服务业区位理论体系。从区位论的基本概念出发,在区位过程理论的基础上,根据服务业的特性及分类,提出了由一般服务业区位理论和服务业行业区位理论构成的服务业区位理论研究框架。在服务业区位理论框架的基础上,阐述了服务业区位选择的基础理论,初步构建了由经济区位因素、空间区位因素、信息区位因素和人文区位因素构成的服务业区位因素钻石模型,并探讨了服务业区位选择及区位模式的研究思路。结合所建立的服务业区位理论体系,提出了服务业区位的实证研究框架。     

高速铁路对成渝城市群区域可达性和城市相互作用格局的影响

利用加权平均出行时间、日常可达性指数、经济潜力指数与可达性系数四项指标，分析高铁对成渝城市群县域可达性的影响。同时，基于引力模型测算高铁开通前后城市间经济联系强度，分析高铁对城市相互作用格局的影响。结果显示：高铁建设极大地提高了成渝城市群的区域整体可达性水平，并表现出显著的“廊道效应”；区域内部交通基础设施布局差异显著，高铁建设在显著改善部分城市可达性水平的同时扩大了相对可达性水平的差距；高铁建设强化了重庆主城区和成都市区的核心地位，且后者获得了更大的发展潜力；区域中心城市经济辐射能力得到提升，但仍与双核心保持着极大的差距；城市轴带在高铁推动下发育成型，但成渝一小时交通圈并未有效衔接，中部地区呈现“塌陷”的局面。     

个体行为视角下中小城市居民就医空间及社会分异研究——兼议与特大城市比较

基于日常医疗消费出行调查数据,剖析了中小城市居民日常就医出行空间社会特征,并与特大城市比较,结果表明：中小城市居民日常就医选择以市域最高等级综合医院为中心,形成"一超多强"多中心结构,出行空间呈"三带四圈层"的核心-外围形态。低收入群体近距离就医特征突出,出行空间小;高收入群体消费选择较为多元,出行时空范围广。中小城市居民日常就医首选私人诊所,出行距离是首要考虑因素,出行空间与收入水平呈正相关;特大城市居民日常就医首选区级医院,更重视医疗机构社会声誉,与中小城市存在显著差异。     

Administrative learning or political blaming? Public servants,parliamentary committees and the drama of public accountability

In theory, within Westminster systems the buck stops with the minister. Ministers are responsible for the actions of their departments and accountable for policy outcomes. In practice, it is often senior public servants rather than their ministerial masters who face the fierce questions of parliamentary committees when things go wrong. This article uses dramaturgy theory and blame theory to assess whether the nature of the parliamentary committee setting encourages or inhibits opportunities for a ‘learning’ type of accountability. Through a comparative study of committee appearances by public servants in the UK and Australia, the article argues that the adversarial nature of committee hearings encourages ‘blame games’ that do little to guarantee better decision-making in the future.

从理论上讲,西敏制下的大臣再不能推脱责任。大臣需要对其部门的行动、对政策结果负责。但在实践中,出了问题,通常是高级官员而非各部大臣面对议会专门委员会的激烈质询。本文借用演剧理论及责备理论评估议会内委员会的设置是有利于还是不利于学习型的问责。通过比较英澳两国议会委员会的样态,作者认为委员会听证的对抗性质只是鼓励“责备”,并不利于未来的正确决策。     

Accessibility interrupted: the Shimshal road,Gilgit‐Baltistan,Pakistan

Geographers working in mountainous northern Pakistan note that gains in accessibility following the Karakoram Highway's official opening in 1978 significantly reshaped social organization, economic activity, and land use across the region. These valuable regional‐scale analyses provide few insights regarding the contingent and variable ways new roads are conceived and experienced at the community and household level by the people whose mobility they drastically impact. This article addresses that limitation of regional research by focusing on an individual agricultural community called Shimshal that in 2003 completed a 40‐kilometre link‐road connecting it to the highway. Drawing from qualitative information gathered before and after the Shimshal road's completion, we briefly describe the community's motivation for constructing the road, villagers’ accessibility‐related hopes and concerns as it was being built, and some of the social, cultural, and economic changes that followed the road's completion. The article concludes by summarizing the community's response so far to landslide‐induced destruction of over 20 kilometres of the Karakoram Highway which, since January 2010, has left community members without vehicular access to the rest of Pakistan just seven years after their link‐road's completion.     

完善社区医疗保障进一步推进社区养老

文章分析了福利机构养老的利与弊,提出：如果自己有居家养老的可能性,那就依托社区,居家养老;如果愿意选择集体养老,那就进入养老机构养老。当然,居家养老的前提是要有相对比较成熟的社区照顾。同时,文章分析了老年人社区照顾的重点——社区卫生保健服务。文章最后论述了在推进居家养老与社区照顾上国家和政府应做之事。     

Regulating commercial public service broadcasting: a case study of the marketization of Norwegian media policy

This article looks at the issues facing the regulation of commercial public service broadcasting in Norway. A document analysis of the 2010 renegotiation process to renew TV 2’s public service licence illuminates how a general marketization affects the regulation of the television sector. This process comments on Hallin and Mancini’s model of democratic corporatism in the Nordic countries regarding the power of the state to regulate private media enterprises as cultural institutions. As such, the process of commercialization should include not only the broadcasting sector, but also the political sector. As part of a solution to retain TV 2’s licence agreement, the government effectively had to re‐regulate the cable distribution sector. This case study demonstrates not only the enduring strength and value of the public service institution in a political context, but also the extent to which regulation is guided by technical and economic forces to sustain democratic considerations.     

国外高铁与区域经济发展研究动态

高铁是影响区域经济发展的一个重要因素。国外学者关于高铁与区域经济发展的研究主要集中在高铁发展的动因、高铁对区域经济发展的影响、高铁影响区域经济发展的机制等方面,呈现出以经济学为主体,融合地理学、环境科学和社会科学等相关学科的多学科综合研究特点。但总体来看,现有研究在理论性和系统性方面明显不足,在高铁外部性、高铁对区域经济发展影响机制等方面的研究需要进一步深化。