侨郡改置与前燕政权中的胡汉关系

侨州郡县的研究一直是历史地理研究中的难点,对于前燕设置侨郡的研究尤为不足。通过比对《通鉴》和《晋书》的记载,可知慕容廆设置侨郡的时间在建兴二年,早于东晋。慕容政权采取任用非本州人担任侨郡太守的政策,以此来削弱流民的力量,巩固自己的统治。这一政策激化了汉人大族与慕容政权的关系,并导致了大族的叛乱。慕容皝将侨郡改置为侨县,进一步削弱大族的势力。侨郡的改置反映了慕容政权内部胡汉关系的微妙变化。     

寓通识于创见——刘体仁《通鉴札记》史论的特点

清末民初刘体仁所著"辟园史学四种"之一《通鉴札记》是继王夫之《读通鉴论》之后的又一部史论著作.全书以《通鉴》所书史事为据发表评论,对治乱盛衰、社会风俗、民族关系等问题尤为关注,许多论点反映了作者的通识与创见,其特点是寓通识于创见之中.     

Spurious weather effects

Rainfall is exogenous to human actions and hence popular as an exogenous source of variation. But it is also spatially correlated. This can generate spurious relationships between rainfall and other spatially correlated outcomes. As an illustration, rainfall on almost any day of the year has seemingly high predictive power of electoral turnout in Norwegian municipalities. In Monte Carlo analyses, I find that standard tests reject true null hypotheses in as much as 99% of cases. Standard approaches to estimating consistent standard errors do not solve the problem. Instead, I suggest controlling for spatial and spatiotemporal trends using multidimensional polynomials.     

试论东方学理论视野中的“夷学”构建

文化研究的重要目的之一是探讨文化创造的可能性机制。在西方,萨义德东方学理论的提出,对于西方文化语境中东西方文化关系的反思有极其重要的现实意义,对于我们用以分析和反思以夏文化为主流的中原文化跟周边偏远地区的文化关系亦有着重要的启示意义。但由于文化背景的差异,东方学理论限于对抗性、批判性的局限,向中国的文化现实提出了创造性地创建新型文化关系理论的要求。本文从东方学理论入手,论证了“夷学”提出的理论必要性和现实性,并且论述了“夷学”与文化创造的思维模式与内在联系。     

Between left and right: cooperation and the split between Yu Qiaqing and the CPC during the era of the Northern Expedition

During the Northern Expedition, the Communist Party of China (CPC) had close contact with certain businessmen; one of these was Yu Qiaqing of Shanghai, who played a role in the background of the Three Armed Uprisings of Shanghai Workers. Because of this contact, Yu Qiaqing was regarded as a leading figure of the leftist bourgeoisie. He was also considered an important collaborator with the provisional municipal government after these uprisings. However, his cooperation with the CPC did not jeopardize his alliance with the Nationalist Party. When Chiang Kai-shek, an old friend of his, arrived in Shanghai, Yu soon turned himself into one of Chiang's financial advisors. Although it is hard to argue that Yu Qiaqing's behavior was representative of most businessmen's party preferences, it does demonstrate that some businessmen had a profiteering attitude in politics and were open to taking advantage of the nexus between politics and business. Influenced by the political context and situation, the CPC was also able to flexibly apply its “class analysis” theory during that time to justify the policy of cooperating with people like Yu Qiaqing. However, the failure of cooperation with the bourgeoisie by 1927 became an excuse for opposing factions within the party to criticize this policy, and even affected the CPC's subsequent policy line afterwards.     

General Resolution of the Third Congress of the Geographical Society of the USSR

Calorimetric measurements show that the amount of energy accumulated in the organic matter of a semidesert community of Azerbaydzhan ranges from 3663 to 5754 calories per gram of dry mass. Under semidesert conditions only 1 to 3 percent of incoming light energy is accumulated in the mass of a plant community. This agrees with similar determinations of the accumulation of energy in a forest community (Ovington and Heitcamp, 1960). Empirical formulas are used to compute the energy accumulated in one gram of plant mass of an entire community and to calculate the level of use of radiation energy (the share of energy accumulated in plant matter plus the energy used to evaporate). The results agree fairly well with data derived by other techniques.     

旅游目的地游客感知价值的层次关系模型

顾客价值被认为是竞争优势的新来源,目前旅游领域游客感知价值研究多将感知价值的各维度置于同一层次,这样不利于对游客感知价值概念的深刻理解,也不利于旅游业界从操作层面上提升游客感知价值。本研究基于"途径-目的"理论,使用回归分析方法检验了目的地属性层的价值维度与结果层价值维度的关系。结果表明,旅游者对目的地属性层的价值感知显著影响对结果层的价值感知,其中,景观/环境和成本属性是影响中国旅游者体验结果的主导性因素。     

中国城乡关系的文化地理特质

城乡关系不是单纯的社会经济现象,需要对它进行文化地理的研究。影响中国城乡关系长期历史演变的主要是水域特征和政策-文化。中国和西方城乡关系历史的最大差异在于:地中海孕育了希腊化时代外向型的城市文明,而内河流域为主的地理特征奠定了中国内向型的农耕文明;中国农业文明对城市文明的牵制使得文化对政策的选择依附特征突出,从而形成长期的城乡融合,这与西方单线式的经由城乡对立达到城乡一体化的路径大相径庭。中国城乡关系变革的最终价值取向是实现城乡社会的平等与融合。     

城市居住与就业空间关系研究进展及展望

城市居住与就业空间关系是城市地理学与城市经济学研究的重要领域之一,有必要梳理国内外研究进展及发展趋向。本文从理论基础、方法论、区位选择及影响因素三个方面回顾了城市居住与就业空间关系的相关研究,并对其进行述评与展望。研究首先厘清了居住与就业空间关系研究的理论基础;其次从通勤行为、就业可达性测度等方面总结了职住关系测度的方法论,并对居住-就业区位选择的影响因素进行了梳理;最后对国内外职住关系研究内容进行比较与述评,并展望了有待进一步深入研究的领域。     

大学生的地方依恋特征与形成机制——基于南京仙林大学城的调查

大学城生活主体大学生与之是否存在积极的关系,对大学城的发展具有重要意义。本文选择地方依恋理论,对南京仙林大学城进行实证研究。构建了大学生地方依恋维度模型,运用结构方程模型加以验证和修正,发现大学生的地方依恋具有地方认同、功能依赖和情感依赖三个维度特征,地方依恋进一步有助于地方根植性形成。其中,大学生的功能依赖对地方依恋作用为负。总体上,仙林大学生的地方依恋处于由地方认同到地方依赖的过渡阶段。本研究为近年来中国涌现的大学城建设热提供一种自下而上的评判视角。