关于辽墓"出行图"的考证

本文对近年发现的辽墓"出行图"壁画进行了分析.以为可分为两类,分别代表了辽国诸王和贵族以及汉官贵族的出行.这两类形制不仅在分布地域上有别,而且表现形式也各有千秋.     

书画鉴定与个案研究

最传统的书画鉴定,靠的是零碎的感性经验,用的是以视觉印象对照待鉴作品的比较方法,而对书画在历史承传中发展的系统知识及相应的视觉把握,需要较长时间的积累,因此传统的鉴定每每陷入先入为主和少见多怪的误区。现代的书画鉴定引进了美术史的风格概念,把时代风格和个人风格作为鉴定方法论的主要依据,使大体依赖感性认识的鉴定眼光,变为讲求方法和理性认识的学问。虽然在鉴定实践中,首先要看时代风格,而后再看个人风格。但时代风格包含在个人风格之中,大家的个人风格又会左右一个时代的风气。所以把握风格应从研究著名书画家个人风格入手,即为把握风格而进行书画家个案研究,以便为鉴定积累翔实系统而扎实有据的样板系列,让临场鉴定奠立在坚实的学术研究的基础上。个案研究要根据具体对象使用不完全相同的方法,本文亦就此进行了有关研究方法和研究程序的讨论。     

日本经济萧条长期化的制度分析

日本经济的长期萧条有着深刻的制度原因,本文对经济管理模式、科技创新制度、土地使用制度、企业所有关系、主银行制度和劳动雇佣关系等六个方面的制度进行分析并提出这六方面的制度变迁建议,最后指出人的因素是导致制度变迁长期性和反复性的重要原因。     

江南地区社会特征与元代民族文化交融

江南地区具有多方融合、长于吸纳的开放的文化特征,在元代北方民族进入江苏后．在江南地区出现了综合性的习俗,形成了新的民族文化交融的局面。     

The Archaeology of California

Stimulated by several important, recent empirical advances, California archaeologists are engaged in a series of lively debates. These advances include new discoveries about the early peopling of western North America and sustained occupation of the California coasts as early as 12–13,000 BP. There also have been significant new developments in the role of paleoenvironmental change in cultural evolution, the emergence of long-distance interaction spheres, the presence of intensive craft specializations, and the appearance of sociopolitically complex hunter–gatherers. This article addresses these issues—and several others—with a view to the general interests of scholars worldwide. The exceptional heterogeneity of California ecosystems (from deserts to dense redwood forests to bountiful offshore islands) and the remarkable cultural diversity exhibited by the dozens of major groups who made these lands their home combine to produce a complex indigenous sociopolitical picture. Current understandings reveal myriad trajectories of cultural change across nine major subregions of the state.     

Appeasing the Spirits Along the ‘Highway of Horror’: Civic Life in Wartime Republic of Vietnam

During the Easter Offensive hundreds of Republic of Vietnam soldiers and civilians were killed while fleeing Qu?ng Tr? city along Highway One, earning this stretch of the road the name ‘the Highway of Horrors’ [??i L? Kinh Hoàng]. This article examines this understudied event and the efforts of ordinary people, particularly the staff of the daily newspaper Sóng Th?n, to collect and bury the corpses left on the highway. In focusing on this humanitarian endeavour, it highlights the spiritual consequences of mass death, people’s agency in countering the violence of the Vietnam War, and the dynamism of South Vietnam’s civil society.     

从三分到归一:唐朝前中期岭南政治地理格局的变迁

岭南僻处南疆,地理复杂。隋末大乱之时,地方势力纷纷割据,唐初和平统一岭南后,采取羁縻政策,以原有势力为基础设管州的"都府"。而在都府之上,朝廷以广州、桂州、交州为中心置"统府",以点控面,有效地维护了岭南地区的稳定。但是这种层层管理的"统府三分格局",到高宗乾封二年发生突变,随着邕府和容府的建立,原统府消失,遂形成并立的"五府格局"。可是,最迟8世纪初,唐朝设立岭南五府经略使,统一管理整个岭南的军事。在此前后,岭南选补使、岭南按察使、岭南采访使等陆续出现,在人事、监察、民政等领域,对岭南道全境实施管辖权。因此,"盛唐"的岭南道,表现出明显的"归一"趋势。     

The Clash of Interests: Commerce and the Politics of Trade in the Age of Anne

This article celebrates the contribution which Professor Holmes made to the field of British politics and society by the study of an important collection of political tracts. The compiler of the collection is identified as Sir Charles Cooke, one of the most significant commercial politicians of his day. The organisation of the collection illuminates the ways in which City politicians used various channels of information, both printed and personal, to support their political platforms. It also demonstrates how Cooke contributed to the defeat of the tories over the French Commerce Bill of 1713, by supplying key sources to combat the ministry's position. On a wider plane, although it suggests that partisan politics tainted all information advanced in the public sphere, this did not relieve political rivals of the need to establish the superior authority of their sources, and political success only saw Cooke redouble his efforts to gain as wide a base of information as possible. Statistical precision remained elusive, but his archive stands testament to a growing need for authority of source in a political world of party and vested interests.     

古代祈雨仪式的性别研究

祈雨,作为远古人类保证生存的必要手段,一直都是古代社会最重要的巫术仪式,从传世的文献记载来看,形式丰富的祈雨仪式都与女巫(女人)有着不解之缘,她们或是仪式的主持和主角,或是充当祭祀中的献礼,或是在巫术失败的时候被真正的杀害.女人在祈雨仪式中的不可缺失性与我国古老的思想文化传统密切相关,而其在仪式中地位和作用的不断弱化也从一个侧面反映出女性在历史发展过程中整体地位的逐渐下降.     

罗马帝国的地方政府——以不列颠为例

本文通过分析罗马政府在不列颠的运作以揭示元首制时期罗马行省体系的运作机制。对总督及代理官任命之考察表明,罗马官员具有非职业性,他们生活在相对固定的晋升体系中,一生需要出任诸多不同职位,并没有为出任某个职位接受专门训练,所以无法发展出专业行政知识。此外,元首制时期官僚机构尚未增生,行省中罗马官员的数量屈指可数。这些都为地方自治开辟了空间。在某些罗马势力不易渗透的地方,地方自治政府在征服初期以藩属国的形式出现。随着时机成熟,藩属国作为一种权宜之计逐渐被具有高度自治权的城市所代替。城市里的地方官员在刑事案件之审理和直接税之征收方面发挥了重要作用。尽可能把行政负担转嫁到地方政府身上是罗马帝国正常运转的奥秘所在。