Identities,Rationality and Taiwan’s China Policy: The Dynamics of Cross-Strait Exchanges

Identities have been viewed as determining Taiwan’s China policy, but this article argues that identities cannot explain Taipei’s China policy without reference to rationality. The article develops a theoretical framework that synthesises identities and rationality and examines Taipei’s cross-Strait exchange programs. We argue that whether Taipei imposes or relaxes bans on cross-Strait exchanges depends not only on its identities but also on its rational decisions in response to the status of cross-Strait relations. On the one hand, a Taiwanese administration that upholds a one-China identity rationally restricts exchanges when cross-Strait relations are tense; conversely, it opens exchanges during cross-Strait détente. On the other hand, when Taipei embraces a Taiwanese identity, it is only in times of cross-Strait tensions that Taipei advances exchanges as a rational gesture of goodwill taken to avoid spirals of tension; conversely, exchanges will be low on Taipei’s policy priority list when cross-Strait crises recede.     

青海藏族地区信访制度的回顾与展望

信访制度是富有中国特色的纠纷解决机制之一。新中国成立60年来,信访制度的设立对于维护青海藏族地区的社会稳定起了积极的作用。但是在其运行过程中也遇到了一些问题。如何发挥信访制度在党和政府沟通藏族群众方面的历史作用,需要结合当地实际进行一系列制度创新与改革。     

中国思想文化与"以人为本"

一些文章认为“以人为本”来自西方的“人本主义”,本文否认此说.通过文献研究、文化比较,证明“以人为本”一语源自中国思想文化血脉,原本用此语表明如何成就霸业,后来用来表述治国为政之道.当今,“以人为本”则不仅是执政理念,而且也是科学发展的观念.随着社会经济、科技的进步,此语从多层面表意.从古到今,此语所指的思想文化一脉贯通.“人本主义”是西方近代哲学一个流派的名称,与“以人为本”无源流关系.     

城乡土地利用结构合理性评判研究——以舟山市定海区为例

根据舟山市定海区社会、经济和生态发展的多重要求,基于多目标规划方法和灰色关联技术对该区在1996-2004年间城乡土地利用结构合理性进行了定量评判。研究表明:①舟山市定海区城乡土地利用结构合理性程度总体不高,但随着时间推移逐渐趋向合理;②定海区城乡土地不同用地类型与目标值的贴近程度存在很大差异,揭示出不同用地类型的调整空间差别明显;③与整个上升趋势相比较,1998年间的土地利用合理性程度突然下降,反映出自然灾害对舟山市定海区城乡土地利用结构的影响依然十分显著。     

论中国化马克思主义执政工具合理性理论

将马克思主义执政工具合理性理论与中国实际结合起来,探索并实现中国共产党执政价值的合理性,就是马克思主义执政工具合理性理论的中国化,其理论成果就是中国化马克思主义执政工具合理性理论,这一理论主要包括毛泽东执政工具合理性思想和中国特色社会主义执政工具合理性理论。     

Cinema’s milieux: governing the picture show in the United States during the Progressive era

The regulation of American cinema during the Progressive era was an exercise in governmentality with multiple spatial rationalities operating through networks at multiple scales. Although produced and distributed nationally, moving pictures were consumed locally. The National Board of Censorship governed movie content from New York, where most major film producers were headquartered at that time, yet it was dependent upon the activities of social reformers and officials in cities across the country in monitoring manufacturers’ compliance with its decisions. But as those correspondents often regarded the image on the screen as intimately associated with other aspects of the movie-going experience, local efforts to regulate film often went further, depending upon local concerns about spectators. This paper explores how cinema was problematized in Atlanta and Minneapolis, two regional centers with different sexual and racial politics. It does so by building on recent discussions of spatial rationalities of moral reform efforts, and in this case, how tensions between generative and vitalist spatial rationalities conspired to produce a variable geography of cinema regulation that was networked and multi-scalar, and how these experiments in regulating a new medium of visual communication began to articulate a distinctive perceptual rationality of government.     

Exploring the Factors for Budget Stability and Punctuations: A Preliminary Analysis of State Government Sub-Functional Expenditures

Disproportionate information processing theory asserts that sudden, dramatic changes punctuate otherwise stable growth patterns in U.S. policy and budget processes. The present paper uses state government sub-functional expenditures to explore what factors cause budget stability and punctuations. First, the findings in the present paper generally confirm the observations made in other studies that distributions of governmental budgets are Paretian. Second, while future research is warranted to identify more specific causes, this preliminary analysis suggests that institutional frictions and information oversupply tend to increase both budget stability and punctuations. It also suggests that availability of efficient information reduces budget stability but not necessarily budget punctuations. However, when examined at the level of different fund-type expenditures, which have differing degrees of institutional friction and availability of information that can be efficiently processed, more subtle and distinguishable differences in patterns of budget stability and punctuations emerge, which was not accounted for in disproportionate information processing theory.     

Re-engaging with rationality in economic geography: behavioural approaches and the importance of context in decision-making

Behavioural approaches have become mainstream in economics,supported by the research of cognitive scientists and psychologists,yet their findings have attracted little attention from geographers.This article argues for a renewed behavioural economic geographythat builds on research in behavioural economics but also addressesone of its main shortcomings: a lack of engagement with thesocial context of decision-making. I outline a research agendathat bridges the gap between the disciplines in the area ofpension decision-making, using the example of choice in UK occupationalplans to argue for a mixed methodological approach to meet thechallenge of taking context seriously.     

论辛亥革命前批判理性的成长

从现代化的角度来看,洋务派、改良派和革命派对近代中国人的现代化的探索经历了这样的历程：洋务派以实业救国的认真努力翻开了近代中国批判理性成长的第一页;改良派在总结洋务派失败的基础上,在变革政体的过程中,发现了民族自身强大的药方,即改造民族精神,造就新一代新国民;而革命派则以强烈的勇气冲击着一切阻碍革命前进的国民劣根性,它与改良派相互辉映,把辛亥革命前中国先进人批判理性的恩潮推向一个高蝰．     

试论行政规范的合理性及其实现

有效的利益调节机制仰仗满足合理性要求的行政规范。合理性的行政规范能够在符合多数人利益需求(价值合理性)的基础上谋求相对较低成本的利益实现(工具合理性)。预设行政规范目的是从“众意”中寻找“公意”,其内容是对经济和社会的适度干预,并建立对已经生效的行政规范的审查、监控机制,从而最大程度地保证行政规范制定的合理性。