豫西汉代陶水榭

在河南出土的汉代建筑明器中,以豫西地区陶水榭最具特色,不但数量多,而且具有时代连续性。本文在以往研究的基础上,将豫西陶水榭的类型、年代、产生的地理环境、用途等问题作了进一步的分析研究。     

河南鹤壁古代陶窑遗址浅析

自 198 8年始 ,在配合鹤壁城市建设中 ,先后发现了一批不同年代的古代陶窑遗址 ,对认识古代中原地区的社会经济和古代鹤壁地区的制陶、制瓷等手工业的发展 ,有着极为重要的意义     

杏花文化的侧装双鋬手陶鬲

侧装双手陶鬲是龙山时代分布于太行山脉两侧的杏花文化最具特征的标识性器物。据侧装双手陶鬲的形态变异及其层位关系,可排出其形态的演变序列。侧装双手陶鬲的制作工艺也相应地基本上经历了两个相继发展的阶段:前一阶段是受陶影响而产生的“式鬲”,由分制的鬲足和鬲身整合成全器,因鬲足的接法不同而形成宽弧裆和平裆;后一阶段才是真正意义的鬲,即抛弃鬲身靠鬲足的联接形成全器主体,并形成尖角裆。此型鬲工艺演变表明:工艺革命只是工艺演进的量的积累到一定程度出现的质变。它虽是变革传统,但它的发展速度、方向,又受传统以及传统中的矛盾逻辑地向前展现的轨迹或定式所影响乃至制约。没有革新与革命,就不能打破传统,然而传统确是伴随革新或革命的影子。这在纯粹的工艺中,则仅是惯性或为惰性思维,但工艺却是社会中的工艺,则又不能不涉及社会中不同人们的不同观念乃至利害矛盾以至冲突,甚至激起一部分人站出来捍卫祖法、保持传统的说教与斗争。这种陶鬲的排序,分别适用于岔沟、双务都、乔家沟和游邀、临水与杏花村诸遗址的杏花文化分期或文化阶段划分。这种陶鬲的谱系研究表明,杏花文化是一自具特征、演变清晰、源流有自,并对其周边地区产生了重要文化影响和起了重要作用的考古学文化。     

出土陶器现场保护研究的现状

对出土陶器的现场保护,主要包括出土陶器的提取方法和技术,对酥脆陶器和彩绘陶器的预加固处理,简单的清洗及运输中的保护与缓冲包装技术.     

精美绝伦的陈鸣远像生紫砂器

陈鸣远所制紫砂器或样多变,尢以瓜果类像生器具形象逼真,色泽、款式精美独到,被后世视为珍品。     

Technological features of Apulian red figured pottery

Apulian red figured pottery samples, dating back to the 5th and 4th centuries BC, from the archaeological site of Monte Sannace (Gioia del Colle, Bari, Italy) have been characterized from the physical–chemical, mineralogical and morphological points of view. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and atomic spectroscopy investigations have been carried out on the ceramic body, red decorated area and black gloss of the fragments, with the aim of outlining the technological features and of defining the nature of coatings and decorations. All 5th century fragments show the same features: fine texture of the ceramic body, red figures saved from the ceramic paste and black gloss painted directly on the ceramic body. The statistical treatment of compositional data of ceramic bodies excludes the local production of these objects. As regards the 4th century fragments, some show similar features to the 5th century ones; however others are characterized by the coarse texture of their ceramic body and an intermediate red layer of finer clay between the black gloss and the ceramic body. The analytical results make it possible to distinguish two different production technologies of red figured Apulian vases in Monte Sannace during the 4th century BC. Certain vases were produced using the “classic” Attic technology and others with a different technique, not previously known, which involved the application of a red engobe layer on the clay paste, before the black gloss painting.     

Characterization of Iron age pottery from eastern Turkey by laser- induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)

Selected pottery sherds coming from the Ayanis, Dilkaya and Karagündüz excavations in eastern Turkey and dated from the Early to Middle Iron Age were examined as regards their composition by using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The objective of the study was first to investigate the potential of the LIBS technique in the compositional analysis of pottery and further to explore correlations in spectral data, by using chemometrics methods that would possibly enable discrimination among different sherds. This work is part of a broader study aiming to examine clay variability both before and during the Urartian State period and to explore possible relationships and differences among pottery objects from fortresses and settlements or settlements and cemeteries on the basis of the clay composition of sherds. Preliminary results demonstrate that by using the LIBS technique it is possible to analyse pottery sherds in qualitative and semi-quantitative ways, providing information on the clay and slip composition. Furthermore, encouraging results have been obtained by carrying out principal component analysis (PCA) on the LIBS spectra, which suggest that in certain cases, it is possible to directly correlate spectral information with the origin of pottery sherds.     

河南南阳市东关晋墓发掘简报

2001年4月,南阳市文物考古研究所在南阳市东关发掘晋墓一座。该墓为砖石混合结构,有画像3幅,出土器物有各式陶俑、陶磨、猪圈、井等。墓葬形制及出土物具有中原地区西晋晚期的基本特征。它为豫西南地区晋墓的研究提供了实物资料。     

唐代渤海国釉陶器的类型及相关问题探讨

文章介绍了唐代渤海国遗址和墓葬中出土的釉陶器的类型及特征,并将其与中原唐三彩中的同类器物进行比较,进而论述了渤海国釉陶器的等级、渊源等问题。     

PVAc和PVB改性硅溶胶加固保护陶质文物的研究

为加固保护陶质物,用以硅溶胶为主体,PVAc(白乳胶）和PVB（聚乙烯醇缩丁醛）对其共混改性制成的无机－有机复合材料作为陶质物的增强保护材料,用最佳材料配方（硅溶胶30％－50％、PVAc20％－40％、PVB0．5％－1％）,在常温,常压下通过浸泡工艺对古陶片进行浸渗处理,结果表明：处理后陶片的吸水率由原来的14．74％下降到5．06%,耐酸度由原来的95．53％提高到98．73％,耐碱度由原来的97．61％提高到99．34％,抗压强度提高47．09％,抗折强度提高107．9％,同时不影响陶片的外观,该材料制备简单,使用方便（浸、涂、喷均可）,价格低廉,水作溶剂,无毒无害,把它作为陶质物的增强保护材料是目前最佳的选择,具有一定的社会效益和经济效益。