The Hellenistic and Roman Syracuse (Sicily) Fine Pottery Production Explored by Chemical and Petrographic Analysis

The chemical composition and petrographic features of 51 samples of fine pottery selected from the archaeological site of Syracuse have been established by means of optical microscopy and X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry, with the aim of creating a reference group for the ceramics produced in this important Greek colony during the Hellenistic–Roman period. This reference group is constrained by the analysis of six kiln wasters and of raw materials outcropping in the studied area. Among the studied findings, the main part is assignable imputably to local production, while some specimens probably come from Greece and other colonies (Messina and Gela). The Syracuse fine pottery is characterized by inclusions formed mainly by quartz and micaceous and fossiliferous groundmass. The used pastes were more or less purified through the removal of the sandy‐to‐coarse silty granulometric fraction. The multivariate statistical analysis of chemical data permits the identification of production at Syracuse on the basis of comparison with the kiln wasters and the Plio‐Pleistocene clays.     

Methodological aspects of SANS and TOF neutron diffraction measurements on pottery: the case of Miseno and Cuma

Small angle neutron scattering and neutron phase analysis techniques have been for the first time jointly employed to extract microscopic parameters of ceramic samples prepared under controlled conditions, in an attempt to establish a protocol for deriving information on the firing process. Data have also been collected on two series of early medieval samples from the Italian regions of Cuma and Miseno. The variation of the microscopic features observed on these samples could mirror some technological evolution in the period spanning from the 6th to the 12th century AD.     

河南汉代陶阙及相关问题

本文依据已发表的考古学资料,对河南出土的汉代陶阙进行了分类分期研究,并对其中一类陶阙在汉墓中的位置、寓意、双阙中间的“罘罳”及其上面的浮雕像内容进行了探讨。     

巴东店子头遗址发掘简报

店子头遗址位于巴东县北部西南角的长江南岸,化层厚度1.3～4．1米,包含有新石器中晚期、夏代、东周等多个历史时期的化遗存,而以新石器中晚期遗存为主。新石器中晚期遗存中出土的大量打制石器和动物遗骸,为探讨新石器中晚期该地区的自然环境、实物来源、经济类型提供了重要信息。     

渭水流域史前陶窑分期初探

渭水流域的史前陶窑可分为老官台文化、仰韶文化半坡期、庙底沟期、西王村期和龙山时代五个时期.从形制上来看,渭水上游地区的陶窑均为横穴式,接近于渭水中下游地区的仰韶文化半坡和庙底沟期陶窑.渭水上游地区始终保持着以红陶为主的文化传统,而渭水中下游地区仰韶文化之后的庙底沟二期文化和客省庄二期文化,却一改红陶作风而大兴灰陶.陶窑结构和技术的改变可能是导致渭水上游和中下游地区自龙山时代开始陶器颜色发生变化的根本原因.     

再读跨湖桥

在《跨湖桥》考古报告的基础上,本文运用浮选、孢粉和非孢粉微化石、PIXE技术和拉曼光谱等多种分析手段,对跨湖桥遗址的人工制品和生态物进行了分析,复原了当时人类的居住环境及变迁、古食谱和制陶技术,从文化生态的角度探讨了先民的生存方式。文章认为,8000年前跨湖桥的富裕环境很可能促使复杂采集狩猎经济的发展,并出现比较复杂的社会结构,而水稻栽培和猪的驯养很可能与这类社会常见的仪式和宴享活动有关。     

Christianity in the Gulf during the first centuries of Islam

This article re-examines the ceramics of SBY-9, a church and monastery site on the island of Sir Bani Yas, Abu Dhabi emirate, U.A.E. It then explores other archaeological evidence for Christianity in the Arabian Gulf and compares it to the textual data, resulting in a reconsideration of the history and activities of the Church of the East. The pottery of SBY-9 indicates that the monastery complex was occupied some time between the second half of the seventh century and the mid-eighth century AD and not, as previously believed, the sixth–seventh centuries AD. Other excavated churches and monasteries in the Gulf region should also be redated to the eighth and ninth centuries AD (al-Qusur, Kharg). These findings cast a new light on the history of Christianity in the Arabian Gulf after the Muslim conquest.     

汉晋墓葬中随葬陶瓶内盛物的初步研究

汉至西晋时期的墓葬中经常发现一些盛于朱书陶瓶内的物品,按其质地可以分为天然矿物类、金属制品类、植物类、五谷类。本文对已发现的材料进行了初步考察,认为这些物品就是道士们做法事的遗痕,分别起着压镇、代形、充当贡赋的作用。这些物品和巫医术士使用的物品大致相同,反映出早期道教和巫医方术之间密不可分的关系。     

Pottery Use-Alteration as an Indicator of Socioeconomic Status: An Ethnoarchaeological Study of the Gamo of Ethiopia

The use of a pottery vessel leaves markers on the ceramic wall that can inform archaeologists how the vessel functioned in the past. At present, archaeologists have little information for understanding how use-alteration reflects the complex nature of ceramic function and socioeconomic status. I conducted a 2-year ethnoarchaeological research project among the Gamo people of southwestern Ethiopia, who continue to produce and use pottery on a daily basis. This research indicates that interior surface attrition occurs primarily on pottery vessels used in wealthy households because of fermentation processes from high-status foods. Thus, the Gamo example suggests that there is a relationship between ceramic use-alteration and household socioeconomic status.     

浅谈新石器时代出土陶器的考古修复

根据陶器质地、火候的差异使用不同的粘接剂是陶器修复的关键;补配材料及作色材料的应用得当,将使出土陶器再现当年风采。