Pottery makers and pottery users: in Ras al‐Khaimah emirate and Musandam wilayat of Oman,and around Ra’s al‐Junayz in the south‐east of Ja’alan wilayat,Oman

The authors present the results of ethnographic research undertaken between 1987 and 2004 in the sultanate of Oman and the emirate of Ras al‐Khaimah on pottery manufacture and usage. Drawing on a number of different informants in both areas, they illustrate the many different types of vessels in use, discussing aspects of production, utility and exchange.     

江苏徐州市楚岳山庄北齐墓发掘简报

2005年11月,徐州博物馆在徐州市区东部的楚岳山庄小区建筑工地上发现一座砖室墓,经现场清理后出土遗物共43件(组),有陶俑、陶牛车、瓷碗、金扣饰等。依据墓葬形制和出土器物的特征,该墓的时代应在北齐时期。     

焦作出土汉代陶仓楼的艺术特征

焦作出土汉代陶仓楼系目前保存下来较为完整的中国秦汉建筑的实物例证,其种类多,特色鲜明,具有较高的艺术价值和深厚的民族文化内涵。本文根据历年来相关考古报告和研究资料,并在实地考察部分馆藏作品的基础上,逐一对不同形制的陶仓楼进行了考释。     

山东青州和沂源地区出土彩绘陶器的测试分析

彩绘陶器以其绚丽多彩的彩色装饰为主要特征,对它们的相关研究将不断丰富古代制陶工艺及颜料加工技术的认识。为此,本研究利用EDXRF、XRD、SEM、热膨胀分析等技术手段对山东青州香山汉墓和沂源战国墓葬出土彩绘陶器的组成结构及烧制温度进行了深入分析,首次发现了先以滑石粉打底其上再绘朱砂的彩绘陶品种。沂源战国墓葬中出土了表面用锡层作装饰的陶器,这是在我国北方地区的墓葬中首次发现这种"锡涂陶"。青州香山汉墓出土的陶俑和器物的胎料组成相近,而烧成温度存在明显差异,陶俑的烧成温度要高于器物。这些结果可为研究彩绘陶器的工艺发展提供新资料。     

曹村窑青黄釉陶表面腐蚀物成分及形成原因初步分析

河北临漳县曹村窑出土的青黄釉陶器残片表面覆盖着一层有光晕的层状腐蚀物。为了明确这层腐蚀物的来源,以便为后续的考古修复提供参考,采用了显微观察(OM)、能量色散X射线荧光(EDXRF)、X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱分析(RAMAN)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)等方法对该腐蚀物进行了分析。结果表明腐蚀物可分为三层,最上层土褐色,中间金黄色,最下层银白色,主要成分是白铅矿和石英。曹村窑地下埋藏环境很潮湿,釉中的铅离子和土壤中的碳酸根等可溶性盐类在表面析出。沉积物与釉面的接触并不紧密,故水份仍能进入空隙继续溶蚀。反复进行后层次不断增多。达到一定厚度时,由于光线的干涉作用,就产生银白色光泽,氧化铁含量较高时便呈现金黄色甚至土褐色。目前,器物上的"银釉"作为一种历史的记录,一般不予去除,在保存中要注意防潮,防污染。     

鹿野苑石窟的布局设计与造像组合

鹿野苑石窟开凿于北魏献文帝时期,位于平城北苑西山中.作为一处皇室宗教营建,其布局设计有着自身独特的历史背景和涵义.<北魏平城鹿野苑石窟调查记>认为,第6窟"造像组合出现了一佛二菩萨和窟口外两侧各雕一力士的新形式",这一结论是需要谨慎对待的.鹿野苑石窟的造像组合应是一佛二菩萨,窟外两侧的力士像年代应与云冈第二期偏晚或云冈第三期石窟相当,很可能是在北魏中期末或晚期补刻的.     

试谈韩国出土钱纹陶器的时代

韩国风纳土城出土了一批大型钱纹陶器,经过参照已有的研究成果,这些钱纹陶器可能与百济王室有关,其输入百济的时期可能在东吴中后期,西晋时期的可能性也存在,东晋时期的可能性几乎不存在,因此风纳土城的始筑年代可追溯至中国东吴时期。     

Umm an‐Nar burial 401 at Bat,Oman: architecture and finds

The archaeological site at Bat has an important status with regard to research on the Umm an‐Nar culture. Investigations began there in 1972 and were revived in 2004, when the excavation of tomb 401 was begun. This paper presents the complete corpus of grave‐goods. Despite all the disturbances within the find layers, when comparing the two chambers it is possible to observe some indications of the different burial cycles and detect distinguishing characteristics. Taking into account the divergent earlier and later ceramic styles, burial use must be proposed between 2400 and 2200 BC. This date accords with observations of the architectural details of tomb 401 and with the sequence of tomb construction types in the Bat region. This paper is dedicated to the memory of professor Gerd Weisgerber.     

Cave occupations in Southeastern Arabia in the second millennium BCE: Excavation at Mugharat al-Kahf,North-Central Oman

This paper reports the results of excavation at Mugharat al-Kahf (WTN01) in Wādī Tanūf, North-central Oman. It also provides information on the nonmortuary and nonsedentary activities in central Oman during the Wādī Sūq period (2000–1600 BCE), as the subsistence and social arrangements of this period are the subject of much debate. Previous surveys had discovered a substantial amount of Wādī Sūq pottery at the site. This project took forward the excavation for further exploration. The excavation at Test Pit 1 identified Layers Ia and Ib, wherein pottery sherds, charred date stones and other samples for radiocarbon dating were discovered. These prove the cave's occupation during the early third millennium BCE, early second millennium BCE and the Islamic period. The analysis of artefacts and floral remains provided insights into the sojourn, storage and consumption of dates in the cave, and the mobile lifestyle in central Oman.     

A Study on the Paleolithic-Neolithic Transition in the Northern Region of Northeast China from the Perspective of Cultural Ecology

Lithic technology, subsistence modes, mobility strategies, and habitation modes in the northern part of Northeast China co-evolved during the Paleolithic-Neolithic transitional period, from the end of the Pleistocene through the beginning of the Holocene, exhibiting notable continuity and the phases of development. The investigation of climate, environment, population, technology, subsistence, and mobility is helpful in understanding environmental adaptation strategies and reconstructing cultural adaptation processes. The study of paleoclimatic records in this region indicates that remarkable climatic turbulence during the late Pleistocene, alongside extreme fluctuations in temperature and humidity, significantly influenced human technological systems and behavior.