游客记忆视角的景观关注度研究——以黄山风景区为例

记忆是表现空间和地方重要的积极要素,在人与地方的关系建立中起着关键作用。文章以网络游记为数据源,基于游客记忆开展景观关注度研究,提出游客景点记忆衰减的概念模型。为景区发展、旅游消费提供理论指导,从旅游产业角度回应“美好生活需求”。研究发现：①10%的景点数量占据了94%的记忆份额;②能成为游客群体共同记忆的景点不多,黄山风景区有名字的299个景点中被游记记载的篇均次大于1的只有10个;③新世纪黄山风景区的山峰类景观点是游客记忆的核心,由游记高频词汇概括出的黄山“新五绝”为名峰、奇松、怪石、云海、日出;④景点关闭轮休导致其关注度下降,说明游览体验是游客景点记忆的重要影响因素。此外,黄山风景区的案例研究,印证了游客景观认知-记忆-表达过程中景观数量大幅衰减的规律。     

Embellishing Appearances with Fragrant Cosmetic Cases : Transforming Women’s Bodies to Nourish Life in the Late Ming

Through a close examination of late Ming publisher Hu Wenhuan’s Embellishing Appearances with Fragrant Cosmetic Cases, this article shows how beautification techniques became part of the culture of nourishing life. Hu encouraged women to make and use cosmetics as a way of practicing womanly work. For men, these techniques became a means of investigating things and cultivating the self. Hu’s text is an example of amateur experimentation involving medical knowledge in late imperial China that went beyond proprietary expertise. The practice-oriented recipes in Fragrant Cosmetic Cases helped readers to translate written knowledge into practical knowledge, and to circulate them to a broad group of users that included women, the less literate, and even the illiterate. By the early seventeenth century, what Hu marketed as knowledge to nourish the lives of women had become common knowledge for male elites.     

重金属的测定——微量物证在纺织品拉链拉头含铅量超标的质量鉴定中的应用

纺织品中含铅的主要原因是采取了含铅的染化料,助剂,稳定剂,以及服装加工时采用含铅金属附件或饰品等,容易导致纺织品含铅超标。铅是一种对神经系统有害的重金属元素,特别是儿童代谢功能尚不完善,很容易发生铅中毒事故。本文针对生活中纺织品中含铅量超标的现象,借助电子探针和扫描电镜x射线能谱分析（SEM／EDS）以及电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法等微量物证分析手段,来确检测样品是否有铅超标的现象存在。     

Clusters and Industry 4.0 – do they fit together?

Industry 4.0 heralds the profound transformation of business models by enabling the fusion of virtual and real worlds and the application of digitization, automatization and robotics in manufacturing. We review the basic premises of Industry 4.0 and map them against the clusters’ features with the aim to establish the kind of relations between these two categories. By exploring the likely impact of clusters on Industry 4.0, our discussion revolves around the broader question of the role of regional ecosystems in industrial transformation. Clusters, thanks to the advantages such as knowledge base and mechanisms, agglomeration economies and externalities (labour pool and critical mass of firms) and favourable more stable, less uncertain environment of trust and cooperation, may facilitate the digital transformation, particularly its phasing-in and testing phases. Notwithstanding this potential, it should be stressed that not all clusters would be able to play such prominent role. Only these equipped with adequate knowledge base and providing some expertise in the field of IT solutions, robotics, automatics, and so on, i.e. the technologies crucial to Industry 4.0 seem predestined to contribute to the emergence of fully fledged industrial internet. Despite seemingly some inconsistency between these two categories, clusters can facilitate the business transformation towards Industry 4.0.