“Hungry for Knowledge”: Towards a Meso‐History of the Environmental Sciences

In recent years, cultural studies and cultural theory have experienced a new wave of ecological thought. Despite the engagement with the Anthropocene the history of ecology and the environmental sciences has remained somewhat of a puzzle. This goes especially for the 20^th century, a period when the sciences of the environment came to matter on a broader scale. Why do we actually know so little about the environmental sciences in the 20^th century? And what could a history of the environmental sciences in that period look like? This article answers these questions with two interrelated arguments. First, by reflecting on different approaches to write the history of ecology since the 1970s, it uncovers crucial entanglements between the history of science and ecological thought that created blind spots regarding the environmental sciences in the 20^th century. Second, it argues for a shift in scales of analysis—towards meso‐scales. With a more regional approach historians can engage with the often‐neglected aspects of the political and economic history of the environmental sciences in the 20th century and thereby also reveal their fundamental infrastructural dimension. Because at its core, the article claims, the environmental sciences were and are essentially infrastructural sciences.     

基于GIS的南方传统聚落景观基因信息图谱的探索

南方地区环境生态因子多样,历史文化底蕴深厚,形成了极富特色的聚落景观。研究其所隐含的景观基因,对传统聚落的保护、开发都具有重要意义。本文分析了聚落景观基因的研究现状,探讨了聚落景观基因的概念、识别原则。在此基础上,探讨了构建聚落景观基因信息图谱的基本信息单元及其提取方法,并对建立景观基因信息图谱的技术思路进行了一定的尝试。最后,展望了景观基因信息图谱的研究意义和研究价值。     

国外旅游绩效评估方法研究进展与启示

目前很少有研究系统梳理旅游绩效评估方法。本文通过梳理国外代表性文献，着重比较4类评估方法，并提出未来研究的重点方向，以期为相关研究提供理论参考与技术支持。结果发现：①4类方法分别具有特定的理论视角、固有的假设约束、严格的技术规则和明确的适用范围，未来应基于“传统绩效—技术效率—生产率—竞争力”的研究框架，针对性地评估和调控旅游企业、行业与目的地绩效；②应严格遵循模型方法的技术规则，规避技术陷阱，并从提高数据质量、优化遴选指标和扩展模型方法等方面优化评估技术，提升理论贡献；③应重点关注全球化、技术变革、可持续发展背景下的旅游绩效应用研究，在内外部因素及其交互作用中“解构”绩效评估，提升实践价值。